2022年广州新版英语八年级下unit1 .pdf

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1、1 一对一个性化辅导教案学生梁鑫嘉学校开发区中学年级初三次数第 1 次科目英语教师蔡宁日期2015.8.3 时段15-17 课题八年级下册 unit1 Helping those in need 复习教学重点掌握本单元词汇短语用法教学难点掌握本单元重点语法：动词不定式教学目标回顾八年级基础知识，熟记单词短语句型，及熟练运用知识点教学步骤及教学内容一、教学衔接：1、检查学生的作业，及时指点；2、通过沟通了解学生的思想动态和了解学生的本周学校的学习内容。二、内容讲解：（一）、课文单词与短语听写（二） 、课文内容精析1. raise v. 筹募；增加2. disabled. adj. 丧失能力的3.

2、 offer v. 主动提出4. suffer v. 受苦；受折磨（三）、本单元重点语法：动词不定式A、 作主语精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 18 页2 B、作表语C 作宾语E、作状语F、作定语不带 to 的不定式结构（四）、课堂练习三、课堂总结与反思：带领学生对本次课授课内容进行回顾、总结四、作业布置：本单元基础检测题管理人员签字：日期：年月日作业布置1、学生上次作业评价： 好 较好 一般 差备注：2、本次课后作业：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，

3、共 18 页3 课堂小结家长签字：日期：年月日精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 18 页4 梁鑫嘉 Aug.3 八年级基础知识复习（ 1）-Unit1 Helping those in need 听写Unit1 Language points I. Key Words 1. raise v. 筹募；增加【用法】 raise 是一个及物动词，后可直接加宾语。如：raise the national flag ；raise money ； raise ones spirits 意为“ 使振奋，使鼓起勇气 ” 如：A power

4、ful song can raise one s spirits. 时态变化： raise-raised-raised 例：Raise your hands. The worker demand the manager to raise their salary.工人们要求加薪水。【拓展】 rise 是不及物动词 ,表示“ 升起” ， 例： The sun is rising. 时态变化： rise-rose-risen 【例句】翻译： 1. 我们如何才能在短期内提高英语水平？_ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 18 页

5、5 2. 我想养只狗当宠物。_ 2. disabled. adj. 丧失能力的【用法】 disabled可以作为形容词；也可以作为动词（ disable的过去式和过去分词 )，意为：使残废；使伤残；使无效【拓展】我们常用 the disabled 表示“ 残疾人 ”,相当于 disabled people. 【例句】 He became severely d_ after the big fire. 3. offer v. 主动提出【用法】 offer后面加不定式， offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事如：On his mums birthday, little Tom offer

6、ed to do the dishes. 【拓展】offer 还可以表示 “ 主动拿给；主动给与 ” 的意思，相当于 give，后面可接名词作宾语。如：offer some advice ；也可以接双宾语，即offer somebody something=offer something to somebody 【例句】翻译：她主动提出将自行车借给我。_ 4. suffer v. 受苦；受折磨【用法】 suffer sth.意为遭受，经受：遭受或承受（痛苦的、有害的或不良的东西），如：suffer death, suffered heavy casualties/loss 【拓展】 suffe

7、r from 后面加的是疾病、不适（身体或心理上的）意为受的苦， 如：suffered from ill health/ a headache 【例句】 She s _ greatly as a child. 翻译：很多人都苦于现代生活的压力。_ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 18 页6 5. serious adj. 严重的【用法】 serious 可以表示 “ 认真的 ” 如：He is a serious student and works very hard. 也可以表示 “ 严肃的 ” 如：Be seriou

8、s ，John! Don t make fun of me. 【拓展】 seriously是副词，表示 “ 严重地 ”【例句】 He has a s_ illness. 6. illness n. 病【用法】当 illness表示某种具体疾病时，是可数名词。但当它表示“ 疾病，生病期间 ” 时，是不可数名词。【拓展】 ill 是形容词，表示 “ 病的；生病的 ”【例句】翻译：他死于重病。_ 7. express v. 表达；表露【用法】express sth to sb. 向某人表达 如： express his thanks to her express their feelings 表达某

9、人的情感，抒发某人的感情【拓展】 expression n. 表达；表情【例句】翻译：他向我们表达了他对新老师的看法。_ 9. lonely adj. 孤独的【用法】 lonely意为“ 孤独的 ” ，表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较浓的感情色彩，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情。它为形容词，在句中作表语或定语。作定语时，意为 “ 荒凉；偏僻 ” ，多修饰表示地点的名词。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 18 页7 【拓展】 alone为形容词，意为 “ 单独的 ” ，只作表语，不能作定语。侧重说明独自一

10、人，没有助手或同伴，没有感情色彩的只表示客观的状态。alone还可以作副词。alone 副词 adv. 单独；独自 She went home alone. After his wife died, he lived alone. 【例句】 He lives a_ ，but never feels l_ . 10. friendship n. 友情；友谊【用法】 a deep friendship 深厚的友谊复数： friendships 【拓展】 friend 朋友 friendly 友好的【例句】翻译：琳达和埃米有着深厚的友谊。_ 11. difficulty n. 困难；费劲【用法】 h

11、ave difficulty with sth =have difficulty ( in) doing sth 作为“ 困难” 时，是不可数名词，如： I had no difficulty (in) learning English. 作为“ 难事，难点，难处 ” 时，是可数名词，如： In face of so many difficulties, we were never afraid. 【拓展】 difficult 是形容词，表示困难的【例句】 He have d_ in solving d_ problems. 12. courage n.勇气；勇敢【用法】不可数名词 have

12、courage 【拓展】 encourage 鼓励 discourage 使沮丧【例句】 翻译：战士们有勇气打败敌人。_ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 18 页8 13. spend time with 与共度；陪伴如：I spent time with my son and talked to him a lot. 14. continue to do sth. 继续做某事 They continued to do voluntary work. 课堂达标检测重点词汇、短语筹募；增加_ 准许_ 有残疾的 _ 青少年

13、_ 主动提出 _ 受苦，受折磨 _ 严重的 _ （某种）病 _ 组织；筹备_ 表达；表露 _ 痛苦；苦恼_ 孤独的；寂寞的 _ 友情；友谊 _ 困难；费 _ 愉快；喜悦 _ 平静；宁静_ （使）疼痛_ 勇气；勇敢_ 情绪；心境_ 短语考察需要帮助的义务性工作报请批准因受苦；受折磨使振奋；使鼓起勇气二、单项选择( ) 1. Peter_cook for his parents when the International Day of Families came. A. offered B. offered to C. offering D. to offer ( ) 2. Although y

14、ou may meet with some_ , you should never give up. A. difficult B. difficulty C. difficulties D. difficultys 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 18 页9 ( ) 3. He has few friends. He lives in a small house_, he often feels_. A. alone, lonely B. alone, alone C. lonely, lonely D. lonely

15、, alone ( ) 4. I_ time with my parents during the holidays. A. pay B. spent C. cost D. take ( ) 5. After reading Lesson 9, he_ read Lesson 10. A. continued B. continued to C. continuing D. to continue ( ) 6. The boy was _, he had to ask for leave because of the _ . A. ill, ill B. illness, illness C.

16、 illness, ill D. ill, illness 三、首字母填空1. There are many kinds of v_ work. 2. I taught d_ children to sing. 3. Three t_ offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays. 4. I will c_ to do voluntary work in the future. 5. They have d_ walking or moving. 6. Music can bring the disable child

17、ren j_. 7. We must r_ enough money for the construction of the school. 8. They o_ to help the old. 9. In the end, we all decided to o_ a concert for Easter. 10. He h _ his legs in a car accident. 四、完成句子1.患难见真情。 A friend _ _ is a friend in deed. 2.他将在他空闲的时候继续在医院里帮忙。 He will _ _ _ at the hospital in h

18、is free time. 3.这帮助他们表达他们的感受。 This_ _ _ their feelings. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 18 页10 4. 在暑假期间课，她想去做义务性工作，因此她将主动提出去医院帮忙。 She wanted to do _ _ during the summer holidays, so shell _ _ _ at a hospital. 5. 有时我还是在吃这些弱点的苦头。Sometimes I still _ _ these weaknesses. 5. 这个好消息使我们精

19、神振奋。The good news _ _ _. 6. 我觉得你在使用杰克的电脑前，需要请求他的批准。 I think you need to _ _ before you use Jacks computer. 7. 我不想在这么短的一个假期过去巴黎，我宁愿待在家里和我的孩子一起。 I dont want to go to Paris for such a short holiday. I d rather stay at home and _ _ _ _ my kids. 8. 学生们将会在下周为非洲的孩子们筹募。 The students will _ _ for the childre

20、n in Africa next week. 语法：动词不定式【动词不定式】是非谓语动词一种，在句子中，它除了不能作谓语外，可以担当其它任何成分，主语宾语、表语等。本课主要讲动词不定式作宾语的情况，（1）基本形式： to+动词原形 （在某些情况下可以不带 to） ,其否定形式为： not to+动词原形。（2）动词不定式用法A、 作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1) 把不定式置于句首。如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour. To learn a foreign language is not ea

21、sy. = It s not easy to learn a foreign language. (2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 18 页11 It is good to help others. 帮助他人是件好事。It is exciting to surf the Internet. 上网是件令人兴奋的事。【练习】一、动词不定式作主语1. Its our duty _ the room every day. A. to clean B. clea

22、ned C. clean D. cleans 2. Its hard for us _ English well. A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning （江西省）3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will _ the workers over a year _ _ the flyover. 4. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup. A. for，of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to B、作表语 （表语是用来说明主语的

23、身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容 词 、 副 词 、 介 词 短 语 、 不 定 式 、 动 词 的 -ing 、 从 句 来 充 当 ， 它 常 位 于 系 动 词（be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词）之后。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的，那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句）The important thing is to finish the work on time. (完成工作 ) What you have to do now is to clean the classroom. ( 打扫

24、教室 ). C 作宾语1) 动词 + to do 常见动词有 agree, choose, decide, forget, fail, go on, learn, hope, mean ( 意味；想要) need,offer, plan, regret, require, remember, seem, stop, try, wish, want等注意：部分动词后接不定式与接动名词的含义不同。如stop, forget, remember 1. He decided to buy (buy) the camera. 2. I want to listen to (listen to) some

25、 music after class. 3. I hope to travel (travel) all over the world one day. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 18 页12 2) 动词+疑问代（副）词 + to do I don t know what to do. （做什么） how to do it / that. （怎么做）where to go (去哪里 ) when to leave ( 什么时候出发 ) Which one to choose ( 选择哪个 ) 例：I haven

26、t decided when to take a holiday yet. 3) 动词 + it( 形式宾语） +宾补 +to do I find it important to learn English 我发现很难和他好好相处. I find it hard to get on well with him. 我发现在炎热的夏天很容易入睡. I find it easy to fall asleep in hot summer. 动词不定式做宾补1) 动词 + 宾语 +to do Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary. 注：有以上结构的

27、常用动词有 tell. wish, ask, want，like, beg(请求), invite（邀请） , warn（警告，提醒） , allow, encourage, advise 等。2) 动词 + 宾语 + do (不带 to 的不定式 ) 注：常用的动词是 :感官动词 see, hear, feel, watch, notice ； 使役动词 have ,make, let. （如果将其改成被动语态，必须将不定式符号to还原。）例：Colors can change our moods( 情绪) and make us feel happy or sad. 固定搭配： make

28、sb. do sth. 【练习】动词不定式作宾语1. He wants _ some vegetables. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 2. Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come to school. A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking 3. He found it very difficult _. A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep 精选学习资料 - - - - - -

29、 - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 18 页13 动词不定式作宾语补足语1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before. A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with 2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food. A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked

30、E、作状语（可以表目的、 表结果、表原因）。为了强调目的， 有时可以把不定式放在句首，或在不定式前面加 in order to 或so as not to I came here to tell you good news. ( 告诉你一个好消息 ) She studied hard to pass the exam.她刻苦学习，以便通过考试。F、作定语 （必须后置）我们每天有很多作业要做. We have a lot of homework to do every day. 我有个好消息要告诉你 . I have good news to tell you. 不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况

31、使用不带 to的动词不定式 : 1. 在固定词组 had better 之后。注意 :had better 的否定形式是 had better not do sth. 。例如: You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。Its cold outside. Youd better not go out. 外面很冷 ,你最好不要出去。2.will (would) you please 之后动词不定式不带 to. Would you please say it again more slowly? 请你再慢慢说它一下好吗？3.在感官动词 see, watch, feel

32、, hear, look at, listen to 和使役动词 have, make,let后要跟不带 to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如: I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。I didnt see you come in. 我没看见你进来。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 18 页14 4.在引导疑问句的 why not之后。Why not+不带to的不定式 是Why dont you do的省略 ,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如: Why not take

33、a holiday。=Why dont you take a holiday。为什么不休个假呢。 Why not go there with him? 为什么不和他一起去那儿？5. 在动词 help之后做宾语或宾语补足语的不定式，to可省略也可保留。Will you help me (to) move the table? 请帮我搬一下桌子好吗？6. 当but, except, besides之前有一个实义动词时，这个介词之后的动词不定式不带to. What do you like to do besides swim? 除了游泳，你还爱好什么？【随堂训练】一、用方框内所给动词的适当形式填空1

34、.The taxi driver failed_ (stop )at the red light. 2. The manager didnt agree_(hold) the party in their restaurant . 3. I tried _ (solve) the problem. 4. They wish _ (have) a happy new year. 5. Teachers told students _ (do) their homework by themselves. 6. Mary will remember_ (send) Lucy a birthday c

35、ard. 7. Eva said she wanted_(take) evening classes of English. 二、单项选择题( ) 1. He has made many friends here so he doesnt feel_. A. alone B. lonely C. happy D. serious ( )2. Alice is a warm-hearted singer. She always teaches the children around her _ A. sings B. sing C. singing D. losing ( )3. Wheneve

36、r people are in need, he always offers _them. A. to help B. helps C. help D. helped ( )4. These disabled persons have difficulty_. Lets help them. A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked ( )5. After a short rest, they continued _. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 18 页15 A. working

37、 B. works C. work D. worked ( )6. What activities are you going to take part in? Im planning to raise money _ the earthquake victims. A. in B. with C. to D. for ( )7. He lost his job_his illness. A. because B. because of C. so D. though ( ) 8. The Spring Bud Project paid for me_to school. A. to retu

38、rn B. return C. in returning D. returned ( ) 9. In my childhood, 1 learnt to cook and wash and do many_ things. .A. the other B. other C. others D. the others ( )10. Dont make people_ _anything they dont want_- A. do, to do B. to do, do C. doing, to do D. to do, doing ( )11. The workers want us _ to

39、gether with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked ( )12. There isn t any difference between the two. I really dont know _. A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which ( )13. The teacher told them _make so much noise. A. dont B. not C. will not D. not to ( )14.H

40、e gave us some advice on how_ English. A. learning B . learned C. to learn D . learn ( )15.I m thirsty. Would you please give me something _. A .drunk B .to drink C .to be drunk D .for drinking ( )16.Tom is the first _ to school. A . get B . to get C. getting D . Got ( )17. The boy wanted to ride hi

41、s bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to ( )18. I saw him _ out of the room. A. go B. had gone C. has gone D. goes ( )19.-_ more about tomorrow s weather, call 121. -OK, I will. Thank you. A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known ( )20.We mus

42、t do everything we can _ waste water from running into rivers. A. keep B. kept C. to keep D. keeping 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 18 页16 ( )21.Let s _ play in the street. Father tells me _ do so. A. not to；not to B. not；not to C. dont；to not D. not to；dont( )22.When I came i

43、nto the room, he pretended _ his homework. A. to do B. be doing C. doing D. to be doing 【提升训练】动词不定式专项练习( )1. It s wrong _ not _ her a letter. A. of you; to write B. for you; writing C. of you; writing D. for you; write ( )2. I m sorry, I _ my exercise book at home. Dont forget _ it to school tomorro

44、w, please. A. forget; to take B. left; to bring C. forget; to bring D. left; to take ( )3. Before you go abroad, you need _ about table manners in that country. A. knew B. known C. to know D. knowing ( )4. I need some paper _. A. to write B. to write on C. to write in D. writing ( )5. I have no pens

45、 _. Could you please lend me one?Sure. Here you are. A. to write B. to write down C. to write with D. to write in ( )6.Do you think our football team will win the match? Yes, we have better players. So I _ them to win. A. hope B. ask C. help D. expect ( )7. I am allowed _ until 12:00 on the evening

46、of the Spring Festival. A. stay up B. to stay up C. staying up D. to staying up 8. The”No Car Day”campaign( 活动 asks Beijing drivers _their cars at home one day each month. A. leave B. leaving C. to leave D. to be left ( )9. Do you like sports? Sure. I m looking forward to _ the 29th Olympic Gamesn B

47、eijing on TV . A. watch B. watching C. watch D. watching ( )10. Good manners usually help people to _ each other. A. get on well with B. get started C. be friendly D. get together ( )11.They prefer _ TV to _ newspapers. A. watching; reading B. watching; to read C. to watch; read D. to watch; reading

48、 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 18 页17 ( )12. Oh, terrible! I forgot _ the window. It s windy. Really? Let s go back home quickly. A. closing B. to close C. closed D. close ( )13. Shopping with me?Sorry, I have a lot of clothes _. A. to wash B. washed C. wash D. to be washed (

49、 )14. On her way home Lucy saw a thief _ in a shop. She stopped _ 110 at once. A. steal; call B. to steal; call C. stealing; to call D. stealing; calling ( )15. There are some dangerous fishes in this river, and I toldJack _ here. A. not to swim B. to not swim C. swim not to D. to swim not ( )16. Ma

50、rtin Murray is a fifteen-year-old boy. He used _ a “problem child ”, but luckily, his mother was very patient, and didn t give up _ him. A. to be; try to help B. being; trying helping C. to be; trying to help D. being; try helping ( )17. Ali said that she wouldn t mind _alone at home. A. left B. bei