2022年北师大版高考英语语法复习名词性从句 .pdf

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1、北师大版 20XX届高考英语语法复习精品：名词性从句一、概念定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。名词性从句在复合句中能担任：主语、宾语( 介词宾语 ) 、表语、同位语，因此，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：1连接连词：that, whether, if, as if和 because。 that引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不可以充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义。The fact is that we have lost the game. The reason why he w

2、as late was that he missed the train this morning. He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. It looks as if it is going to rain. It happened that I went out last night. It is known to us how he became a writer. Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. Everything depen

3、ds on whether we have enough money. 2连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose和 which 。注意： what 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what 可以分解成定语从句中的先行词关系代词即常说的先行词 that。I want to know what he has told you. What he wants to tell us is not clear. 3连接副词：when, where, how和 why。That is why he didnt come to the

4、meeting. She always thinks of how she can work well. Where the party will be held has not yet been announced. 在历年的高考中几乎都涉及名词性从句，并且每年的命题各有变化，但仔细分析高考试题不难看出，这一部分内容主要从以下几个方面进行考查：1语序问题。在名词性从句中，除了关联词在从句之首外，其他部分应用陈述句的语序。She will give whoever needs help a warm support. Why he did that was not clear. 2用 it代替

5、主语从句或宾语从句。为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中，但what ，whatever ，whoever， whichever引导的主语从句一般不后置。3名词性从句中关联词的选择是非常重要的，所以在高考中更多的是考查关联词的选择，尤其是 what 用法要多多体会。高考真题探究（200620XX年）【 2011 北京卷 22 】 _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. Tha

6、t D. Whom 【答案】 B 【考点】考察名词性从句中的主语从句。【解析】 句意： 这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为 A，此处 what 引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 【2011 北京卷 31 】The shocking news mad me realize _ terrible problems we would face. A. wha

7、t B. how C. that D. why 【答案】 A 【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。【解析】由句中的IS 可知其前面是由what 引导的主语从句，且what 在从句中作offer的宾语，故答案为A项。【2011 上海卷 35 】There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. A. what B. if C. how D. that 【答案】 D 【考点】考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。【解析】 句意为： 证据表明， 所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼

8、痛。分析句子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词that 。【2011 上海卷 38 】The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand. A. why B. that C. which D. what 【答案】 D 【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。【解析】句意为：你试图通过言语表达的意思或许恰恰跟别人理解的相反。【2011 山东卷 26 】I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, wh

9、ich is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why 【答案】 D 【考点】考查表语从句。【解析】句义： 我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is.”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。【2011 山东卷 33 】We ve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it. A. where B. what . whether D. which 【答案】 C 【考点】此题考查

10、宾语从句的引导词。【解析】根据句意“我们提供给她了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受”。whether “是否“，where “哪里“ what “什么”， which “哪个“。【2011 江西卷 26. 】The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. A. this B. that C. what D. which 【答案】 C 【考点】考察宾语从句和主语从句。【解析】 村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。【2011 江苏卷 26 】

11、It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. A. that B. how C. when D. why 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 【答案】 A 【考点】考查主语从句。【解析】句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why 引导的主语从句。【2011 安徽卷 33 】 Hi

12、s writing is so confusing that it s difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what 【答案】 D 【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】 句意为： 他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语make out 引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express 的宾语，表示事物， 故选择 D项。That在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how作方式状语； who作主语，指人。 只有 what 可用作宾语并且指事物。【2011 四川卷 10

13、 】Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which 【答案】 C 【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】in 介词之后所接的宾语从句中缺少及物动词do 的宾语，指事物，故填 what。 why“为什么”； how “怎么样”； which“哪一个”。【2011 辽宁卷 23 】Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read

14、 first. A. what B. who . how D. why 【答案】 C 【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】句子意思：20 个学生想要去听旨在教授如何快速阅读的课程。根据句子结构可知，that aims to teach _ to read first.是定语从句，修饰先行词class ，在此定语从句中， teach 后接的宾语从句中缺少表示方式的连接词，故how 正确。此处为“连接词+to do”结构。【2011 辽宁卷 32 】When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army. A.

15、since B. which C. that D. because 【答案】 C 【考点】考查同位语从句。【解析】 句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去部队服役。此处的“ the war broke out ”解释说明the news 的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用that连接。【2011 天津卷 13 】Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where 【答案】 C 【考点】考查名词性从句中的同位语从

16、句。【解析】句意为：现代科技已经给出了充分的证据，表明吸烟可能引起许多疾病。【2011 陕西卷 15 】I d like to start my own businessthat s _ Id do if I 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what 【答案】 D 【考点】考查名词性从句中的表语从句。【解析】后面从句不完整，do

17、 后面缺少宾语，所以要填连接代词what，答案 D。【2011 重庆卷 22 】It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where 【答案】 A 【考点】考查名词性从句。【解析】 still under discussion “还在讨论中”说明“旧中巴车站是否应该被一个宾馆替代”还没决定。且根据后面的whetheror not也可以做出正确选择。【2011 重庆卷 34 】It i

18、s not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life. A. whose B. what C. which D. that 【答案】 B 【考点】考查宾语从句。【解析】 What引导宾语从句，同时在从句中作use 的定语。还原句子为“ a new invention can b e of what use”。【2011 湖南卷 )31 】 Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself

19、 is. A. what B. that C. which D. why 【答案】 A 【考点】本题考察的是名词性从句中主语从句。【解析】从句中缺表语，排除B和 D；又因题目没有给出problem 的范围，故选A；句意：在解决问题之前，一定要弄清楚问题是什么。10 福建 W e should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 答案 C 考点宾语从句解析 空格在句中充当宾语。我们应

20、该尊重食物, 考虑那些我们所拥有的东西和认真对待食物的态度。10 湖南 Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 答案 D 考点考查名词性从句。解析该空引导宾语从句, 根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。10 天津 As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here. A. h

21、ow B. what C. When D. which 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 答案 B 考点考查名词性从句。解析 句意： 作为一名新毕业生, 他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。空格后的从句中 takes 是动词 , 其后缺少宾语 , 所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。10 北京 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many

22、 others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How 答案 B 考点本题考查主语从句。解析句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。从句中缺宾语, 只能用 B. what 来引导. C.中的 That 引导主语从句不做成分。10 浙江 How about camping this weekend, just for a change? OK, you want. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 答案 C 考点本题考查引导词。解析句意：“这个周末野营怎么样, 来点新鲜的？” “好啊 , 按你的意思吧！”根

23、据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。10 浙江It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether 答案 B 考点本题考查主语从句的引导词。解析 根据句意： 尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物, 但是 , 它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。 side effect意思是“副作用” , 还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring abou

24、t _ side effect。故选择 what, 形容词“什么样的” , 起修饰作用。10 上海 One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A. that B. how C. what D. why 答案 A 考点此处考查的是同位语从句。解析考查that引导同位语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。10 湖北 The news _ （房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell thei

25、r houses at lower prices. (fall) 答案 that the housing price will fall 考点同位语从句解析用“that ” 引导同位语从句 , “房价”译成“housing price”。10 山东 Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which 答案 B 考点本题考查宾语从句的引导词。解析句意应为“在大甩卖开始前, 我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。

26、”分析句式结构可知, 空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need 的宾语 , 所以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 10 上海 When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know . A. he is entering

27、 which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering 答案 B 考点本题考查宾语从句。解析 which 引导的句子做know的宾语 , 句子用陈述语序。10 四川 How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. w_ A. what B. who C. how D. why w 答案 B 考

28、点考查介词后的宾语从句。解析根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去, 故选 B 。句意为 “一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去, 无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”10 全国 We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.A. that B. which C. what D. where 答案 D 考点根据选项此题考查从句。题解析 句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。干中空格划在动词discuss的后面, 因此考查宾语从句, 根据句意在宾语从句中缺少

29、地点状语, 因此选择 D。10 湖北 I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how 答案 C 考点宾语从句解析 我想别人喜欢我是因为我的内在。也就是我inside的品质。 只有 what 可以指代是什么。很多同学误选A, 错误的用中文语言习惯去做英文题。10 全国 Have you finished the book? - No,I ve read up to_the children discover the secret cave. A.which B.what C.hat D.wh

30、ere 答案 D 考点考查宾语从句。解析 Up to为介词结构 , 后接宾语从句从句；而句意是“读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方” , 故用 where 引导这个宾语从句最合适。10 江苏 I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. That s_I don t agree. You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what 答案 A 考点考查表语从句。解析这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词 , 所以用 where

31、. 用表语从句。10 北京 Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. A. what B. that C. why D. whether 答案 B 考点本题考查表语从句。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - -

32、 解析从句不缺成分, 因此用 that 来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。09 湖南 She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 答案 C 考点名词性从句的引导词。解析 句意为： 她对我们来说是非常宝贵, 我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。句中缺少宾语 , 选项中只有whatever 符合句意可引导宾语从句作动词do的宾语并在从

33、句中充当动词 take to的宾语。答案 C。09 江西 The fact has worried many scientists _the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though 答案 C 考点间隔式同位语从句的用法。解析近年来地球气候逐渐变暖, 很多科学家已经为此担忧。即先行词是the fact 和 that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。09 北京 At first he hated the new job but decided to give himsel

34、f a few months to see_it got any better. A. when B. how C. why D. if 答案 D 考点考查宾语从句。解析 起先他讨厌这个新工作, 但决定给自己几个月时间看看是否能感觉好点。考查宾语从句。答案D。09 全国 I Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 答案 C 考点考查宾语从句。解析我能够和负责国际业务的人谈谈吗？whoever 既作了 to 的宾语 , 又作is in ch

35、arge of International Sales please?的主语。“ whoever”作代词, any person whothe person who “任何人”、“无论谁”、“的人”。09 海南One of the most important questions they had to consider was of public health A. what B. this C. that D. which 答案 C 考点考查表语从句。解析句意为：他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查that作代词 , that 作代词 , 往往用于特指 , 相当于“that 名词”

36、 , 它也只能代替事情不能代替人。09 陕西 The how to book can be of help to wants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 答案 D 考点考查宾语从句。解析此处从做介词to 的宾语 , 是名词性从句 , 引导词做从句的主语, 指人, 意思是：无论是谁 , 选 D 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - -

37、- - 09 上 海 As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions. A. what B. which C. that D. how 答案 B 考点考查宾语从句。解析作为一名外交官, 他经常考虑着如何在这样的场合表现得更得体。考查宾语从句, 从句缺少方式状语。答案D。09 四川 News came from the school office _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which B.

38、 what C. that D. where 答案 C 考点考查同位语从句。解析在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news 的内容 , 由于该题把同位语从句后置了 , 所以很多考生由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了D项。09 天津 It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future. A. as B. which C. whether D. that 答案 D 考点考查主语从句。解析很显然, 学生应该为将来做好准备。It为形式主语 , that引导的真正的主语。09 浙江 I

39、s there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport? No problem. A. When B. that C. whether D. what 答案 B 考点考查同位语从句。解析你能到机场接我吗？没问题。答案B。09 重庆 We should consider the students request _ the school library provide more books on popular science. A. that B. when C. which D. where 答案 A 考点考查宾语从句。解析

40、 我们应当考虑下学生们的要求：学校图书馆能多提供些关于科普方面的书。考查同位语从句。从句句子结构完整, 因此用 that引导。答案A 。09 江苏 Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decisionmarriage almost entirely up to luck. A. as B. that C. which D. what 答案 D 考点考查宾语从句。解析预计许多西方年轻人会把可能是人生中最重要的抉择婚姻, 几乎完全交由幸运之神掌握。“_ could b

41、e life s most important decision ”是 leave 的宾语从句 , 从句缺少主语 , 因此用 what。答案 D。09 陕西 The how-to book can be of help to wants to do the job. A who B whomever C no matter who D whoever 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 答案 D 考点考查宾语从句。

42、解析这本指南书对想要从事这项工作的都人会有帮助。宾语从句中缺少主语, 排除 B；no matter who虽然意思上和whoever 相同 , 但只能引导让步状语从句, 也排除。 Whoever既作主语中动词或介词的宾语, 又作从句中的主语, 相当于 anyone who;who 不具备这种语法功能。答案D。09 山东 The little girl who got lost decided to remain _she was and wait for her mother. A. where B. what C. how D. who 答案 A 考点考查表语从句。解析 remain 是系动

43、词 , 后加表语从句 , 由句意可知 , 从句缺地点状语, 所以选 A。08 北京 The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. A. which B. that C. what D. who 答案 C 考点考查宾语从句。解析该句中they hope 是插入语 , 故 “ will be the best mean s of transport in the 21st century ”实际上是create的宾语 ,

44、且缺少宾语从句的连接词, 并且该连接词要指物且在从句中作主语, what可以起到该作用。08 天津 The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park. A. where B. how C. when D. why 答案 C 考点考查表语从句。解析由the last time可知是表示时间, 故用 when引导表语从句。08 安徽 Students are always interested in finding out they can go with a new teacher. A. how far B

45、. how soon C. how often D. how long 答案 A 考点考查宾语从句。解析 how far多远； how soon 多久； how often多长时间一次；how long 多长时间。08 湖南 When asked they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. A.what B.why C.whom D.which 答案 A 考点考查宾语从句。解析句意为：当被问到他们最需要什么时, 孩子们说他们想让别人觉得他们是重要的, 希望被爱。 what 引导宾语从句 , 且

46、 what 在从句中作needed 的宾语。08 陕西 Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? A. what B. which C. that D. where 答案 D 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 考点考查同位语从句。解析由句式结构可以判断 the party is to be held是 get

47、 any idea的同位语, 故空格处应为同位语从句的引导词, 且该从句中句子成分完整, 但语意不完整, 故应选择 D项, 表示地点。08 重庆 People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years. A.that B.which C.what D.how 答案 C 考点考查宾语从句。解析 what 引导名词性从句, 同时充当 achieved 的宾语。 08 浙江Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language dif

48、ferent from _ their parents speak at home. A. what B. that C. which D. one 答案 A 考点考查宾语从句。解析句中的from 缺少宾语 , what既引导了宾语从句, 又充当了speak 的宾语。08 福建 is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. A.It B.What C.As D.Which 答案 B 考点考查主语从句。解析分析题干结构“ is known to us all”是主语从句, 从句中缺少主语

49、, what 引导主语从句 , 在从句中作主语。如果选it, 需去掉all后的 is; 如果选as; 需去掉is that。08 山东 was most important to her, she told me, was her family. A.It B.This C.What D.As 答案 C 考点考查主语从句。解析 what 引导主语从句 , 同时又在从句中充当主语。07 全国matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which 答案 A 考点考查主语从句。解析本题考查主语从

50、句, 且从句中缺少主语, 所以 A项正确。07 天津 The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.Warm sunshine and soft sands make it is.A.what B.which C.how D.where 答案 A 考点考查宾语从句。解析 句意为： 每年夏天这儿的海边都吸引大量的游客。温暖的阳光和柔软的沙滩使海边成了现在的样子。 what 引导宾语从句 , 且 what 在从句中作表语, 意为“的（东西）”。07 安徽 You can only be sure of you have at prese