大学英语四级考试翻译技巧.pdf

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1、大大大大学学学学英英英英语语语语四四四四级级级级翻翻翻翻译译译译解解解解题题题题技技技技巧巧巧巧一一一一 考考考考试试试试形形形形式式式式 二二二二 考考考考核核核核重重重重点点点点三三三三: : : : 答答答答题题题题步步步步骤骤骤骤 一一考考试试形形式式 1. 考试时间：5 分钟 2. 分值：5%3. 由原来英译汉变为汉汉译译英英：06年6月4.名为翻译，实为补全句子二二.考考点点分分析析 1. 核核心心语语法法（动动名名词词，定定语语从从句句，状状语语从从句句（最最常常考考），虚虚拟拟语语气气）2. 重重点点单单词词3. 固固定定搭搭配配一一语语法法结结构构（grammar） 考考了了

2、九九道道，非非常常重重要要。考考察察的的语语法法点点：动动名名词词、虚虚拟拟语语气气、倒倒装装、状状语语从从句句（最最常常考考）、定定语语从从句句。 1动动名名词词 （gerund ）87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble (找找到到去去历历史史博博物物馆馆的的路路)_ (2006. 6 )finding the way to the history museum强强化化练练习习：有有些些动动词词或或动动词词词词组组后后需需接接动动名名词词。注注意意：也也可可能能会会考考不不定定式式（infinitive）。2虚虚拟拟

3、语语气气（subjunctive mood）89. The victim _（本来会有机会活下来） if he had been taken to hospital in time. （2006. 12 ）would have had a chance to survive/of survival 考察知识点：虚拟语气与与过过去去相相反反的的虚虚拟拟语语气气，从句用had done，主句用would have done有机会做某事：have a chance to do sth.88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary _ (就不会被大雨淋湿

4、了). wouldnt have been caught in the heavy rain. 3倒倒装装（inversion）Notonly_（他他向向我我收收费费过过高高）,buthedidntdoagoodrepairjobeither.didheoverchargeme考考点点：Notonly引引起起的的部部分分倒倒装装（助助动动词词提提前前）正正常常结结构构：Henotonlyoverchargedme,buthedidntdoagoodrepairjobeither.总总结结：neither, nor 和和so 位位于于句句首首的的句句子子的的倒倒装装 only +状状语语或或状状

5、语语从从句句位位于于句句首首的的句句子子的的倒倒装装 否否定定词词位位于于句句首首的的句句子子的的倒倒装装EG:OnlyononeoccasionhaveIeverfeltfrightened.4状状语语从从句句（adverbial clauses）重要考点。1） 目的状语 （adverbial clauses of purpose）：一道。88. In order to_ (挣钱支付我的学费), Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.（2006. 6）make money to support my schooling【考点

6、剖析】对于为了挣钱供我上学的表达，我们可以说To earn money for my education; To earn money for my schooling ; In order to make money to finance my education ; In order to make money to fund my education ; In order to earn money to afford my education等。2) 让步状语 (adverbial clauses of concession)91. Though a skilled worker, _

7、(他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.（2006. 6）he was fired by the company可可以以表表示示解解雇雇的的有有dismiss, discharge, fire等等 强化例句：不管你有多忙, he always insists on coming with you. No matter how busy you are3） 时间状语 （adverbial clauses of time）90. Some psychologists claim that people （出门在外时可能会感到孤独）（20

8、06. 12 ） may feel lonely when theyre away from home. 4）条条件件状状语语（adverbialclausesofcondition）91.Pleasecomehereattentomorrowmorning如如果果你你方方便便的的话话（2007.6.）ifitsconvenientforyou./atyourconvenience强强化化例例句句：Ifyoureceivearequestlikethis,youcannotfailtoobeyit!5）比比较较状状语语（adverbialclausesofcomparisonorcompara

9、tiveconstructions）88.SincemychildhoodIhavefoundthat（没没有有什什么么比比读读书书对对我我更更有有吸吸引引力力tome,nothingismoreinterestingthanreading.5定定语语从从句句 （attributive clauses）88. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is_（我我们们可可以以合合作作 的的领领域域 ） （2007.6） the field where/ in which we can cooperate. 87. Medical researchers are

10、painfully aware that there are many problems _(他他们们至至今今还还没没有有答答案案) that they havent found answers to so far. 6.主主语语从从句句 90. _ (很很多多人人所所没没有有意意识识到到的的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular.What many people havent realized 90. _ (大大多多数数父父母母所所关关心心的的) is providing the best educat

11、ion for their children. What most parents are concerned about 二二重重点点单单词词 （key words）89.Theprofessorrequiredthat(我我们们交交研研究究报报告告)byWednesday.（2006.6）we(should)handintheresearchreport强强化化例例句句：Hesuggestedthatadoublerailwaytunnelshouldbebuilt.87.Specialistsininterculturalstudiessaythatitisnoteasyto(调调整整使

12、使自自己己适适应应另另一一种种不不同同的的文文化化)(2006.12)adaptoneselftoadifferentcultures.强强化化例例句句：Iamusedtotravelingbyair.87.Thefindingofthisstudyfailedtoconsider(将将人人们们的的睡睡眠眠质质量量考考虑虑在在内内)(2007.6)thequalityofhumanssleep.87.(多多亏亏了了一一系系列列的的新新发发明明),doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.(07.12)Owingto(或或Thanksto)aseriesofn

13、ewinventions89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete (决决定定退退出出比比赛赛) (2007. 6 ) decided/determined to quit the match90. To make donations or for more information, please contact us (按按以以下下地地址址和和我我们们联联系系) (2007. 6 )at the following address 91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning. (如如果果你你方方便便的的话

14、话) at your convenience三三固固定定搭搭配配 (set structures)91. The nations population continues to rise (以以每每年年1200万万人人的的速速度度). (2006. 12 ) at a rate of 12 million per year强强化化例例句句：It now comes straight towards them (以以惊惊人人的的速速度度). at tremendous speed87. The finding of this study failed to (将将人人们们的的睡睡眠眠质质量量考考

15、虑虑在在内内 ) (2007. 6 )take account of the quality of humans sleep. 88. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are _(更更有有可可能能增增加加体体重重). more likely to put on/gain weight. 答答题题步步骤骤 第第一一步步：首首先先快快速速浏浏览览句句子子，先先看看英英语语不不看看汉汉语语，从从而而判判断断划划线线处处所所填填句句子子的的形形式式、时时态态。所所谓谓形形式式包包括括：1.词词组组固固定定搭搭配配(不

16、不定定式式短短语语、分分词词短短语语、动动名名词词、句句子子等等); 2.虚虚拟拟;3.被被动动；所所谓谓时时态态是是指指：根根据据前前后后已已经经给给出出的的英英语语句句子子判判断断所所填填英英语语句句子子的的时时态态。第第二二步步：看看括括号号里里面面的的汉汉语语句句子子，以以核核心心谓谓语语动动词词为为切切入入点点，找找准准主主谓谓宾宾、分分清清定定状状补补。第第三三步步：先先翻翻译译主主谓谓宾宾、后后翻翻译译定定状状补补，切切块块对对应应翻翻译译，重重新新组组合合。翻翻译译时时要要分分析析句句型型，看看应应用用何何种种句句型型或或结结构构、注注意意固固定定搭搭配配、词词语语搭搭配配、动

17、动词词的的形形式式、动动词词时时态态语语态态、名名词词的的可可数数与与不不可可数数及及其其单单复复数数、语语序序等等，保保持持句句子子的的完完整整。五五条条冲冲刺刺备备考考建建议议： 1.在在进进行行翻翻译译练练习习时时，尽尽量量力力求求翻翻译译答答案案多多样样化化，以以便便扩扩展展思思维维，开开阔阔思思路路，掌掌握握重重点点核核心心表表达达。2. 绝绝对对不不能能忽忽视视以以前前词词汇汇语语法法的的单单项项选选择择题题，尽尽量量在在以以前前的的词词汇汇题题中中挖挖掘掘新新四四级级翻翻译译考考点点.3. 多多背背搭搭配配，同同时时利利用用经经典典搭搭配配多多造造句句子子，完完善善语语法法结结构

18、构。同同时时可可以以提提高高自自己己的的写写作作水水平平，一一举举两两得得。4. 强强化化重重点点语语法法知知识识。如如倒倒装装结结构构、虚虚拟拟语语气气、比比较较结结构构、定定语语从从句句、状状语语从从句句、非非谓谓语语动动词词等等。 5. 深深度度分分析析已已考考翻翻译译试试题题，全全面面掌掌握握挖挖掘掘潜潜在在考考点点，学学会会举举一一反反三三。 有有些些词词后后只只能能接接动动名名词词:admit; appreciate; avoid; consider; delay; deny; dislike; enjoy; escape; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; cant help; imagine; mind; miss; postpone; practice; prevent; resist; risk.