2022届高考英语一轮复习教案：选修8 Unit 24 Society.pdf

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1、1 话题素材 好词 1encourage v. 鼓励 2medical adj. 医疗的 3depressed adj. 沮丧的 4spare v. 抽出 5urgent adj. 紧急的 6represent v. 代表 7remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 8show respect to 对表示尊敬 9treat sb. as 把某人看作 10support a family 养家 11participate in 参加 12make a contribution to 对做出贡献 13have a sense of humor 有幽默感 14build_up trus

2、t 建立信任 15benefit from 从中获益 佳句 1They need for an increase in numbers of surgeons so_that patients may be treated as soon as possible. 需要增加外科医生的人数，以便患者能够及早得到救治。 2As_we_know,_they differ with you on this subject. 据我们所知，他们同你在这个问题上是有分歧的。 精美语篇 Work hard and be thrifty First of all，we should work hard and

3、study hard. As we know, hard work can lead to success. If people want to make more money or want to make greater achievements, they must devote themselves to their work. As students, if we want to do well in our studies, we should also spend more time and work hard. Then we can gain more knowledge a

4、nd improve our abilities so that we can be admitted to good universities and in the future we can find more satisfying jobs. On the other hand, we should live a thrifty life. Resources should be saved. For example, we should save water, food and electricity. Never waste money. We should also promote

5、 waste recycling as possible as we can. As for us senior school students, I think concentrating on our 2 study and wearing plain clothes is a good way to be thrifty. In a word, I think both working hard and being thrifty are equally important in our life and study. 高频单词 1voluntary (adj.) 自愿的voluntee

6、r (v.) 自愿做volunteer (n.) 志愿者 2abundant (adj.) 大量的abundance (n.) 大量 3signature (n.) 签名sign (v.) 签名；打手势 (n.) 招牌；迹象；符号 4govern (vt.) 统治，管理governor (n.) 统治者，总督government (n.) 政府 5burden (n.) 重担，负担 6adjustment (n.) 调整，调节adjust (vt.) 调整，调节，使适应 7diverse (adj.) 各种各样的diversity (n.) 多样性，差异 8resign (vt.&vi.) 辞

7、职resignation (n.) 辞职 9elect (vt.) 选举，推选election (n.) 选举 10merciful (adj.) 宽大的，仁慈的mercy (n.) 宽容，仁慈 11collision (n.) 相撞collide (v.) (使)碰撞 12packet (n.) 小包，小盒pack (vt.) 把打包 13rot (vt.&vi.) 腐烂rotten (adj.) 腐烂的 14edition (n.) 版本edit (vt.) 编辑；校订editor (n.) 编辑；编者，校订者 15undertake (vt.) 着手做，从事 16thirst (n.)

8、口渴thirsty (adj.) 口渴的 17container (n.) 容器contain (vt.) 包含；装有 18sentence (n.) 判决 (v.) 宣判 19furthermore/moreover (adv.) 而且，此外 20consequently (adv.) 所以，因此consequent (adj.) 作为结果的 重点短语 1come_into_being形成，存在 2wind_sb._up 故意惹恼(某人，尤指开玩笑) 3show_off 炫耀，夸耀 4knock_into_sb. 撞上某人 5break_into 闯入 6on_principle 根据原则

9、7keep_an_eye_on 照看；密切注视 8sentence_sb._to_death 判某人死刑 9well off 经济上宽裕的，处境好的 10take sth. seriously 认真对待 11above all 最重要的是；首先 12do away with 废除；取消 3 13at risk 冒险 14the other way round 相反的 15contribute to 促进；有助于 16take into account 考虑，注意，体谅 热点句型 1its high time that sb. did sth.“到某人做某事的时候了” As a society,

10、 its_high_time_that_we_took these issues more seriously.(教材 P34) 作为整个社会来讲，到了我们应该更加认真地考虑这些问题的时候了。 2would rather 后宾语从句用虚拟语气 Id rather you didnt mention that.(教材 P35) 我宁愿你不要提那件事。 3what if 引导的条件状语从句 What_if some married people have affairs？(教材 P36) 要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？ 4make宾语宾语补足语 They were then able to p

11、lace guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made_it_easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.(教材 P38) 然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 Besides, were all taxpayers so the more we earn, the _ tax we have to pay to those who govern us. 答案：more 2In

12、this spending circle, on the one hand, we accumulate possessions but never feel like we have enough. _ the other hand, we work towards the ownership of bigger and _ (good) houses and cars and never have time to enjoy them. 答案：On; better 3As a society, its high time that we took these issues more _ (

13、serious) 答案：seriously 4Above all, we should remember that “being” and “doing” are much more important than _ (have) 答案：having 5 If laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be _ (require) and there would certainly be diverse reactions. 答案：required 6Beijings hutongs are particularly

14、 famous, _， as there are thousands of them. 答案：however 7The majority of Beijings hutongs were built between the 13th _ 19th centuries during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. 4 答案：and 8By connecting peoples homes, the hutongs in fact connected peoples lives, _ the lives of the rich or the lives of

15、the ordinary citizens. 答案：whether 9Many new hutongs were quickly built to house the _ (increase) population but these were poorly made. 答案：increasing 10The hutongs not only link Beijings streets and communities after all, but also its past and present, _ (show) that Beijing is truly an ancient yet m

16、odern city. 答案：showing 1abundant adj.大量的；丰富的；充裕的 There have also sadly been abundant cases of violence at home.(P33) 令人伤心的是，在国内也有大量的暴力案件。 (1)be abundant inbe rich in 富于，很丰富 (2)abundance n. 丰富 an abundance of 丰富的 in abundance 大量地，丰富，富裕 (3)abundantly adv. 丰富地，大量地；十分清楚地，非常明白地 2015课标全国卷Sometimes giving

17、from our need instead of our abundance is just what we need to do! 有时候在自己不富有的情况下为他人提供帮助恰好是我们需要做的事情。 2014课标全国卷There were more than 3 billion passenger pigeonsa number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. 5

18、30 多亿的旅鸽占据了美国鸟类总数的 24%40%，使其或许成为了世界上种类最丰富的鸟。 牛津词典We have abundant proof of his guilt. 我们有充分的证据证明他有罪。 牛津词典It is a land abundant_in minerals. 那是一片矿产丰富的土地。 朗文词典The park has an_abundance_of wildlife. 这个公园有大量的野生动植物。 朗文词典Wild flowers grow in_abundance on the hillsides. 山坡上长满了野花。 2burden n.C担子；重担；精神负担 vt.使

19、担负；使负重 Instead, they feel like a burden because every month we have to hand over most of the money we earn to pay for them.(P34) 相反，它们就像一种负担，因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分的钱拿出来支付贷款。 (1)be a burden to/on 是的负担；加给某人的重担 bear/carry/reduce/share the_burden 承受/担负/减少/分担重担 (2)burden sb./oneself with sth. 装载；使负担 be burdened

20、 with. 负重；为所累 人教2The burden of government sits heavily on my shoulders. 治理国家的重担落在我的肩上。 2013北京高考We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be_a significant burden_on the family budget. 我们都知道给家庭供热的费用将一直是家庭预算的一项重大负担。 牛津词典His invalid father is becoming a_burden_to him. 他父亲体弱多病，对他渐渐成

21、了累赘。 牛津词典I dont want to burden you with my problems. 我不想让我的问题给你添加负担。 牛津词典Industry is heavily burdened_with taxation. 工业为重税所累。 易混辨析 burden 表示“负担，担子” ，多为贬义 6 load 表示 “装载物， 负荷， 工作量” ， 也可指 “思想上的负担， 压力” ， loads of/a load of 很多 一言辨异 They dont want to add to their parents burden,_so it takes a load off the

22、ir mind to leave the child in their charge. 他们不想给父母增加负担， 所以让他们放下思想上的包袱， 他们自己会支付孩子的费用。 用 load/burden 的适当形式填空 aThe trucks waited at the warehouse to pick up their _. bThere are _ of places to see in Australia. cPupils of China today are _ with a lot of academic tasks. 答案：a.loadsbloadscburdened 3resign

23、 vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使顺从 His boss insisted that he work longer hours so he resigned.(P35) 他的老板坚持要他更长时间地工作，所以他辞职了。 (1)resign from 辞去职务 resign oneself to (doing) sth. 听从，顺从 resign ones job/post/position 辞去工作/职位 (2)resignation n. 辞呈；辞职 牛津词典She resigned her directorship and left the firm. 她放弃了董事职务，离开了公司。 He h

24、as resigned_from three of the many offices he held. 他已经辞去他所担任的众多职务中的三个职务。 朗文词典I resigned_myself_to paying the fees. 我只好付了费。 牛津词典She seems resigned_to_not_having a holiday this year. 她对今年不休假似乎并无怨言。 4elect vt.选举，推选；选择 There is a leader in each area of the town and each town has an elected leader.(P36)

25、 这个城镇的每个地区都有一个领导人，而且每个城镇都有一个选出来的领导人。 7 (1)elect sb. (to be/as) 选举某人为 elect to_do sth. 选择做某事；决定做 elect sb. to. 选举某人进入 (2)election n. 选举；推举；当选 run_for an election 参加竞选 win the election 赢得选举 朗文词典What are the chances that a Democrat will be elected president? 民主党人当选为总统的机会有多大？ 朗文词典She was first elected_t

26、o congress in 1988. 她于 1988 年首次入选国会。 牛津词典She elected_to_become a lawyer. 她决定做律师。 2013湖南高考Have you heard about the recent election? 你听说了最近的选举了吗？ 朗文词典She won_the_election by a large margin. 她以较大优势在选举中胜出。 易混辨析 elect “选举” ，指通过正式方式选择，后接人及所任职位 choose “选择，抉择” ，用途最广，指一般的“选择” ，作“抉择” 时侧重意志或判断 select “精选” ，指在同

27、类的许多东西中，仔细慎重地加以选择，标准较为严格 用 elect/choose/select 的适当形式填空 aHe _ to learn German rather than French in school. bI _ four postcards and handed them to the cashier. cObama was _ president of America for the second time. 答案：a.chosebselectedcelected 5undertake vt.undertook； undertaken着手做，从事，承担；允诺，答应 Conditi

28、ons improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.(P38) 胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。 8 undertake sth. 承担；负责undertake to do sth. 答应做某事；承诺做undertake that. 担保/保证 2015湖北高考We must act as quickly as possible now. Just tell us whether/if you can unde

29、rtake the task or not. 现在我们必须尽快采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务吧。 朗文词典The country undertook a massive reform of its legal system. 国家进行法律体制的大规模改革。 2013江西高考The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake_to_direct the distribution of aid. 联合国组织(UNO)可以来指导援助的分配。 I cant undertake_that you will make a profit. 我

30、不能担保你会获利。 6sentence n.句子；判决；宣判 vt.判决；宣判；判刑 In the USA in the last 100 years, 23 men have been wrongly sentenced to death and there are doubts about 400 other cases.(P40) 在过去的 100 年里，美国有 23 人已被错误地判处死刑，有另外 400 件案例遭质疑。 (1)serve a sentence 服刑 pass/give sentence on sb. 给某人判刑 a_death/life sentence 死刑/无期徒刑

31、 (2)sentence sb. to sth. 给某人判刑(常用被动语态) be sentenced_to death/three years in prison 被判死刑/三年徒刑 2014湖北高考I first saw this sentence when I entered junior high school. 我第一次看到这句话是在我上高中时。 牛津词典The judge passed_sentence_on the prisoner. 法官宣布了对犯人的判决。 牛津词典She has served her sentence,_and will now be released. 她

32、已服刑期满，现即将获释。 朗文词典He was_sentenced_to life in prison for the murder. 他因谋杀罪被判终身监禁。 The murderer was_sentenced_to death. 杀人犯被判处死刑。 特别提示 sentence 最常见的意思是“句子” ；sentence 当“判决，宣判，判刑”讲时既可作名词，也可作动词，常用被动语态。 9 7consequently adv.所以，因此 He had sustained a broken back while working in the mines. Consequently, he s

33、pent the rest of his life in a wheel chair.(P41) 他在矿井工作时被压断了脊骨，结果，下半辈子都与轮椅为伴了。 (1)consequence n. 结果，后果 as a consequence/resultin consequence 因此；结果 in consequence ofas a consequence of 由于的缘故；因而 take/face the consequences 承担后果 (2)consequent adj. 作为结果的；随之发生的 2014湖南高考To deal with these problems, consequ

34、ently,_I have worked heart and soul to create my own magic neutral water pen. 为了解决这些问题，因此我全心全意地工作来创造我自己的圆珠笔。 牛津词典My car broke down and consequently I was late. 我的汽车坏了，所以我迟到了。 人教4The consequence of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding. 海平面升高的后果将是洪水泛滥。 牛津词典She was found guilty, and lost her

35、 job in_consequence_of it. 她被判有罪，因而失去了工作。 朗文词典He died as_a_consequence_of injuries he received in the accident. 他在事故中受伤致死。 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 1This generation of young people is likely to be _ (burden) with greater debts than ever before. 答案：burdened此处考查过去分词表示被动。 2牛津词典There was good

36、food _ abundance at the party. 答案：inin abundance“大量地” 。 3朗文词典Burton resigned _ the company yesterday. 答案：fromresign from “辞去职务” 。 42013上海高考The school board is made up of parents who have been _ (elect) to make decisions about school affairs. 答案：elected此处考查现在完成时的被动形式。 5牛津词典He understood _ (finish) th

37、e job by Friday. 10 答案：to finishunderstand to do “答应做某事” 。 6He was sentenced _ a six months imprisonment. 答案：tobe sentenced to “被判处” 。 7朗文词典He didnt study and _ (consequence) failed the final exam. 答案：consequently副词 consequently 在句中作状语修饰动词 failed。 1come into beingcome into existence 形成，存在；出现；产生；诞生 I

38、f laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be required and there would certainly be diverse reactions.(P34) 如果像这样的法律能够形成的话， 社会将需要做巨大的调整， 而且人们的反应也一定会各有不同。 come into effect 开始生效，开始实行come into use/service 开始使用/应用come into force 规章、制度、法律等开始实施come into sight/view 看见come into fashion 开始

39、流行come into power 开始执政/掌权 2013安徽高考As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known as the tango (探戈舞) came_into_being. 随着这些不快乐的初到者聚集到了城市中的贫穷区，一种被叫做探戈的舞蹈出现了。 外研6In the 1990s the shawls came_into_fashion among rich people. 20 世纪 90 年代，披肩在富人中流行起来。 朗文词典As we turned

40、the corner, the town came_into_view. 我们拐过弯后，小镇便映入眼帘。 朗文词典The new law comes_into_effect tomorrow. 这项新法律将于明天生效。 2show off 炫耀，夸耀 Nobody has any desire to show off.(P36) 没有人有炫耀的想法 11 (1)show up 出现，露面；(使)显眼，(使)显现 show sb./sth. up 揭发 show sb. in/out 领某人进来/出去 show sb. around/round a place 带某人参观某地 show sb.

41、the_way_to 领某人去某地 (2)(be) on show(be) on display 在展出 2014课标全国卷改编The lion tamer uses a chair to show_off his skill. 驯兽师运用椅子来炫耀他的技巧。 外研1Although some people like to show_off their wealth, income is a very private matter for most Americans. 虽然有些人喜欢炫耀自己的财富， 但对大多数美国人而言， 收入是一件非常隐私的事情。 Its really good of y

42、ou to spend so much time showing me around. 你真是太热情了，花这么多时间带我参观。 朗文词典It was 9：20 when he finally showed_up. 9 点 20 分时他终于露面了。 牛津词典The dust on the shelf shows_up in the sunshine. 在阳光照射下能看见架子上有灰尘。 3knock into sb. 撞上某人，遇上某人 There is a car accident there at least once a week and today I nearly knocked int

43、o somebody crossing the road！(P36) 一周至少有一次汽车交通事故，今天我几乎撞上了一个横穿马路的人！ knock down/over 撞倒；打倒；拆除knock at on 敲门、窗、墙等knock out 使失去知觉；击败；淘汰；苦干knock against 撞到上knock off 减价；中断，停止 图解助记 12 He would almost knock_into me before he saw me. 他几乎要撞到我时才看到我。 I knocked_into an old friend of mine in the park yesterday.

44、我昨天在公园里碰见一位老朋友。 特别提示 knock into 表示 “撞上” 时， 相当于 run into； 表示 “遇上” 时， 相当于 come across, meet with或 meet by chance。 牛津词典She was_knocked_down by a bus. 她被公共汽车撞倒了。 牛津词典What time do you knock_off work? 你什么时候下班？ 朗文词典He knocked_out his opponent in the fifth round. 他在第 5 回合击昏了对手。 朗文词典Ive_been_knocking_at/on t

45、he door for five minutes. 我敲门都敲了 5 分钟了。 过关演练 选词填空 show off； come into being； knock into； show up 12013重庆高考At around the same time, mental hubs _. 答案：came into being 2It was ten oclock when he finally _. 答案：showed up 3牛津词典The child danced around the room, _ to everybody. 答案：showing off 4He was in suc

46、h a hurry that he almost _ me. 答案：knocked into 1What if some married people have affairs？P36要是一些已婚的人有了婚外恋怎么办？ 13 What if.？意为“如果将怎么办？”可以看作 What will happen if.？的省略形式；还可表示“即使又有什么关系” ，看作是 What does it matter if.的省略形式。 (1)how come 意为“是怎么回事，为什么” 。可以单独(后面不接成分)出现在对话的语境中(实质上是省略上文提到的事情)，也可以在 how come 后接语序完整的

47、陈述句。 (2)So what？口语用法，认为某事无关紧要，尤其用于反驳他人的指责，意为“那又如何？” 。 牛津词典What_if it rains when we cant get under shelter? 假若下起雨来，我们又没处避雨可怎么办？ 朗文词典What_if we get stuck out there in the snow? 如果我们被困在雪地里怎么办呢？ 牛津词典Hes fifteen years younger than me. So, what_if he is? 他比我小十五岁。即使如此，又有什么了不起？ 朗文词典How_come you didnt tell m

48、e this before? 你以前怎么没告诉我这件事？ Andrew wont like it, you know. So_what? I dont care what Andrew thinks! 你知道安德鲁是不会喜欢的。 那又怎样？我才不在乎安德鲁怎么想呢！ 2They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs， which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.P38,然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人

49、们的举动。 句中 made it easier 是“make宾语宾语补足语” 结构，it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语 to keep an eye on peoples movements。 (1)在“make宾语宾语补足语”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当。 (2)在“make宾语宾语补足语”这一结构中，当“独一无二的官衔”的名词作补足语时，名词前无冠词。 (3)在英语中，动词 let, make, have, feel, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, hear14 等后要跟不

50、带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语，但被动句中，省掉的 to 必须加上。 People in the west make_it_a_rule_to_buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends. 西方国家的人常在圣诞节时购买礼物给亲属和朋友。 This makes_it_possible for agriculture and industry to_develop quickly. 这使工农业有可能很快发展。 We made_him_monitor of our class. 我们选他为班长。 2013山东高考She let me