2021-2022学年高中英语外研版必修4学案：Module 6 Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Language Points.pdf

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1、- 1 - Section Introduction & Reading and VocabularyLanguage Points attack vt.袭击；攻击；(疾病)侵袭n攻击；袭击 (教材 P51)It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it. 它常常会生气并攻击靠近它的人。 It is reported that this disease attacks the central nervous system. 据报道说这种疾病破坏中枢神经系统。 (1)attack sb.with sth. 用某物攻击

2、某人 (2)launch/make an attack on/upon. 对发动进攻 under attack 受到攻击 a heart attack 心脏病发作 Some naughty children often attack the passersby with stones on the road. - 2 - 在这条路上经常会有一些淘气的孩子用石子袭击路人。 When an animal is under_attack，it can run away or fight back. 动物遭到攻击时，要么逃走要么反击。 The enemy make an attack on/upon

3、the city last night. 昨晚敌人对这座城市发动了袭击。 Bob died of a_heart_attack，brought on by his lifestyle. 鲍勃死于由他的生活方式引起的心脏病发作。 exist vi.存在；生存 (教材 P51)something that continues to exist after death 在死后能幸存下来的某些东西 Matter can exist as a solid，liquid，or gas. 物体存在的形态有固体、液体和气体。 (1)exist inlie in 在于 exist onlive on 靠生存 T

4、here exist(s). 有/存在 (2)existence n. 存在；生活；生活方式 come into existence 出现；产生 Do you believe in the existence(exist)of ghosts? Perhaps they only exist_in the minds of some people. 你相信鬼魂的存在吗？或许它们只存在于一些人的想象中。 【导学号：98180028】 It was impossible for them to exist_on such a small income. 他们靠这么点收入生存是不可能的。 There

5、exists(exist)a good way to solve the_existing(exist)problem in maths. 有一个解决现存数学问题的好方法。 No one knows when such a custom first came into existence(exist) - 3 - 没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始形成的。 名师点津 exist 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时。 claim n要求；主张，声称 vt.声称；主张；要求；索赔 (教材 P52)Although no one really got a clear look at the mys

6、terious creature，Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse. 尽管没有人看清楚过这个怪物，但当地一位摄影师薛俊林声称，怪物的头看起来像马头。 (1)claim to do sth. 声称/主张做某事 claim to have done sth. 声称做过某事 claim that. 声称 It is claimed that. 有人主张；据说 (2)make a claim for 要求；对提出赔偿要求 Just now he claimed that he could

7、finish the work without any help. 刚才他声称不需要任何帮助他就可以完成这项工作。 They claim to_provide (provide)the best service in the business. 他们宣称他们可以在业务中提供最好的服务。 Doctors claimed to_have_discovered(discover)a cure for the disease. 医生声称已经找到了治疗该疾病的方法。 It is_claimed(claim)that humor not only affects patients moods，but al

8、so helps them recover faster. 据说幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且还有助于病人快速康复。 As the victim in the accident，I will make a claim for the injuries I suffered. 作为这次事故的受害者，我将就遭受的伤害提出索赔要求。 calm adj.平静的；镇静的vt.使平静；使镇定 n平静；无风 (教材 P52)Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his family were able to see the monster - 4 - clearly because th

9、e weather was fine and the lake was calm. 李小和先生说他和他的家人看清了怪物，因为当时天气好，湖水平静。 They did what they could to calm her. 他们尽力使她平静下来。 keep calm 保持镇静 calm down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来 Whatever may happen，you must_keep_calm. 不论发生什么事，你必须保持冷静。 Moved by what she said，he could hardly calm_down. 由于被她那些话所感动，他很难平静下来。 明辨异同calm

10、/quiet/still/silent calm 常指天气无风、海面无海浪；心情平静、无忧虑。 quiet 指人时表示生性安静、不易激动；用于环境时指没有干扰活动、没有喧闹声的寂静状态。 still 可以指环境的安静；也可以指姿态保持一动不动。 silent 寂静的，沉默的；不发音的，多指人默不作声。 (calm/ still/ silent/ quiet) When facing danger，one should keep _；when taken photos，one should keep _； when someone else is asleep， one should keep

11、_； when in class，one shouldnt keep _ about the teachers questions. 【答案】calm；still；quiet；silent unlikely adj.不可能的 (教材 P52)They say that the lowtemperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures. 他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。 - 5 - likely adj. 可能的，可信的 sb./sth.is (un)likely t

12、o do sth. (不)可能 It is (un)likely that. (不)可能 It is unlikely that it will rain tomorrow. 明天不太可能下雨。 She is unlikely to_make(make)the same mistake again. 她不太可能再犯同样的错误。 You are likely to_suffer(suffer)from bad health if you keep smoking. It_is_likely_that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smok

13、ing. 如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康会受到损害。 cover vt.覆盖；读完；占地；走过(路程)；报道；包含；够支付；涉及 n(书的)封面；盖子 (教材 P52)It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres. 它海拔 2,189 米，占地约 10 平方公里。 写出下列句中 cover 的含义 The best reporters were sent to cover the war._ He laughed to cover his nervousness._ The review cove

14、red everything we learned last term._ When you cover most pages of the novel，you will have a better understanding of the authors life._ Is the money enough to cover the tuition fees？_ The city covers 1,000 square miles._ By sunset we had covered fifty miles._ 【答案】报道掩饰包括看完足以支付占地(多大面积)行走(一段路程) - 6 - (

15、1)cover.with. 用盖住 be coveredError! (2)cover an area of. 占地面积为 He sat in the corner and covered his face with his hands. 他双手掩面，坐在角落里。 When I woke up，I found the ground covered_(cover)with snow. 当我醒来时，我发现地面上覆盖着白雪。 The city covers_an_area_of 25 square miles. 这个城市方圆 25 平方英里。 .语境填词 1. The girl was _ into

16、 crying by the _ story.(frighten) 2. He is very ill and _to attend the important meeting.He is _to recover in one week.(likely) 3. As we all know，man cannot _ without oxygen in the world.But no one knows when the world came into _.(exist) 【答案】1.frightened；frightening2.unlikely；likely3.exist；existenc

17、e .选词填空 be unlikely to do；be sceptical about；close to；stick out；cover an area of 1They _ come since the weather is so bad. 2The town，which we visited the other day，_ 5 square kilometers. 3Davids house is quite _ the Global Theater. 4She made a face and _ her tongue at him. 5Mary _ the solution so sh

18、e decided to find a better one. 【答案】1.are unlikely to2.covers an area of 3close to4.stuck out5.was sceptical about - 7 - (教 材P52)He claims to have seen a round black creature moving_quickly_through_the_water. 他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。 【要点提炼】句中 to have seen 是动词不定式的完成式作 claim 的宾语，表示“看见”这个动作发生在谓语动词 clai

19、m 这个动作之前；moving quickly through the water 是现在分词短语作 seen 的宾语补足语。 不定式的时态有三种： 一般式：to do，表示与主句谓语动词同一时间发生或动作发生在主句谓语动词之后。 进行式 ： to be doing，表示与主句谓语动词同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。 完成式：to have done，表示发生在主句谓语动词之前。 Scientists claimed to have found the evidence of water on Mars. 科学家们声称找到了火星上有水的证据。 He seemed to_be_eating_(e

20、at)something when I came into the room. 当我进入房间的时候，他似乎在吃什么东西。 Dont forget to_turn (turn)off the light when you leave the room. 当你离开房间时，别忘了关上灯。 The novel is said to_have_been_translated(translate)into Chinese. 据说这部小说已经被翻译成中文了。 There_have_been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of

21、the last century，although no one has seen one close up. 自上世纪初以来，一直就有关于天池怪物的报道，尽管还不曾有人近距离目睹过。 【要点提炼】本句使用了 there be 句型的现在完成时， 强调过去状态对现在- 8 - 造成的影响。there be 句型可以根据语境需要运用不同的时态。 There_is someone at the door to see you. 门口有人找你。(一般现在时) There_is_going_to/will_be a meeting this evening. 今晚有个会议。(一般将来时) Have_t

22、here_been any letters from Jack lately? 近日有杰克的来信吗？(现在完成时) There_had_been_many such accidents before you came. 你来之前就有过很多起这样的事故。(过去完成时) 名师点津 there be 结构中除了可以用 be 动词外，还可用 seem，appear，live，stand，come，exist，rise，lie 等不及物动词。 There stands a mountain near the lake. 在湖边矗立着一座大山。 Once upon a time there lived a

23、n old fisherman in the village. 很久很久以前，在这个村里住着一位老渔夫。 完成句子 1这个人宣称他看到了来自外太空的人，但是他被很多人嘲笑。 The man claimed _ travelers from outer space，but he was laughed at by people. 2我进来时，他似乎正在吃东西。 When I came in，he seemed _ something. 3. 在过去的十年中，村子周围已经盖了许多楼。 _built in the last decades around the village. 【答案】1.to h

24、ave seen2.to be eating 3Thereve been many buildings The director of a local tourist office，Meng Fanying，said the monster，which seemed to be black in colour，was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most - 9 - recent sighting. 【分析】句子的主语：The director of a local tourist office，Meng Fanying，其中

25、 Meng Fanying 作 The director of a local tourist office 的同位语；the monster，which.sighting 为省略 that 的宾语从句，作谓语动词 said 的宾语；在宾语从句中which seemed to be black in colour 为定语从句修饰 the monster。 【翻译】_ _ 【答案】据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪物就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。 学业分层测评学业分层测评 .单句语法填空 1The engine just wont start.Something s

26、eems _(go)wrong with it. 2When he was walking home from the office that night，he _(attack)by several robbers. 3A completely new situation will arise when the examination system comes into _(exist) 4He is seriously ill so that he is unlikely _(attend)the party. 5In the past few years there _(be)great

27、 changes in my hometown. 6The teacher asked us to read the text _ second time to find the topic of the text. 7 The man claimed _ (be)a doctor ， which we were all sceptical _. 【导学号：98180047】 8The speed of the car was _ (frighten)and that was the cause of the car accident. 9Dont be nervous! Keep _ (ca

28、lmly)even when you are in the face of danger. 10The mountain _ (cover)with snow all the year round is so beautiful to see. 【答案】1.to have gone2.was attacked - 10 - 3existence4.to attend5.have been6.a7.to be；about8.frightening9.calm10.covered .单句改错 1. Several fishermen are said to have attacked by sha

29、rks while fishing last month. _ 2. Trade connections were existed between the two countries before the war. _ 3. He claimed have seen billions of butterflies in his life. _ 4. There is unlikely to rain today，for there is not a single cloud in the sky. Believe it or not，the weather forecast says so.

30、_ 5 Mount Tai， which cover an area of 426 square kilometres， is the first of Chinas Five Mountains. _ 【答案】1.have 后加 been2.去掉 were3.haveto have4.ThereIt5.covercovers .阅读理解 One night in March 1999，a man was driving from California to Oregon，US，to visit some friends.He had stopped his car to have some

31、food when he started to hear strange noises.Turning on the headlights， he saw an 8foottall creature covered in thick，dark hair.The creature stared at him for a minute，turned in the road and walked off slowly into the woods. In the past 50 years alone，there have been thousands of reported sightings o

32、f similar creatures in the US，Canada，the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山地区)and even Hubei Province in China.The creature is known as bigfoot. Bigfoot is said to be a very tall(between 2 and 4.5 metres)，apelike(类人猿似的)creature that is covered in hair and walks upright on two legs.It is very wary(警惕的)of human beings.

33、Believers think bigfoot is a direct descendent(后代)of ancient gigantopithecus(巨猿)But it remains one of the planets undiscovered secrets.There is a little evidence(证- 11 - 据)to support the believers theory: traces of hair，footprints and body prints as well as the reported sightings.Some people have ev

34、en showed what they say with photos or films of bigfoot. But so far，no one has found bones or any other definite proof that the giant creature exists. As a result many people believe the evidence is just part of a big trick. The footprints are easy to make and they say: all you need to do is to make

35、 two large feet out of plaster(石膏)，attach them to the bottom of your shoes and walk with big steps.As for the photos and films，they are just people dressed in ape suits. They also say the sightings are not real， just people making mistakes.For example，bigfoot could be a bear living in the wild that

36、sometimes stands up on its back legs. 【语篇解读】本文描述了“雪人”的一些目击证据并对其进行了分析说明，也给出了一些相对比较科学的猜测。 1. So far what we can be sure about is that_. Athere exist savages(野人)in several places in the world Bthere are some traces of hair，footprints and body prints of the “bigfoot” Cbigfoot is a direct descendent of a

37、ncient gigantopithecus Dall the big foot discovered have the same look 【解析】的确是有“bigfoot”留下的痕迹，到底 bigfoot 是谁留下的，谁也没有把握，A 项属于将猜测的东西当成事实；C 项是一些人的“认为” ；D 项与文章描述不符。 【答案】B 2It was in_that man first found the apelike creature. A1999 Bthe 1960s Cthe 1950s Dthe 1940s 【解析】根据第二段第一句“In the past 50 years alone，t

38、here have been thousands of reported sightings of similar creatures in the US ， Canada ， the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山地区) and even Hubei Province in China.”推测可知是 the 1950s。 【答案】C 3 The article infers but doesnt say so that some people_bigfoots - 12 - existence. Amay fool the world into believing Bhave definit

39、e evidences to prove Crefuse to believe Dwill soon offer proofs of 【解析】由文章中 “As a result many people believe the evidence is just part of a big trick.”作者在暗示有人有意捏造证据，骗人相信。 【答案】A 4 If bigfoot is just a misunderstanding ， what they saw might NOT be_. Aapes Bbears Cgigantopithecus Dpeople dressed in ani

40、mal skins 【解析】如果真的是 gigantopithecus 留下的脚印， 那就证明的确有这样的动物，而整篇文章都是用的推测的语气，由此可得答案为 C。 【答案】C .完形填空 I was doing some lastminute Christmas shopping in a toy store.A nicely dressed little girl was _1_ the teddy bears beside her father _2_ she saw a little boy walk in and stop in front of the Pokemon toys.Hi

41、s jacket was obviously too small.He had money in his hand._3_，it looked no more than five dollars at most.He was with his father as well，and _4_ picking up the Pokemon video games.Each time he showed one to his father，his father _5_ his head，“No” Rather _6_，the boy gave up the video games and chose

42、a book of stickers _7_.After they walked away，the little girl ran over to the Pokemon video games.She _8_ picked up one lying on top of the others，and raced down toward the checkout.I picked up my purchases and _9_ the girl and her father. Then，much to the little girls _10_，the little boy and his fa

43、ther got in line _11_ her and me.After the video game was paid for and bagged，the little girl _12_ - 13 - it back to the cashier(收银员)and _13_ something to her.The cashier smiled and put the _14_ under the counter(柜台)I was putting things in my bag when the little boy came up to the cashier.The cashie

44、r said， “_15_， youre my hundredth customer today，and you win a prize！”and she handed the boy the Pokemon game.The boy could only _16_ in disbelief.It was， he said， _17_ what he had wanted！The little girl and her father had been standing at the doorway， and I saw the biggest and _18_ smile on that li

45、ttle girl I have ever seen in my life. I suddenly understood that the world is not _19_ into the strong who care and the _20_ who are cared for.We must each in turn care and be cared. 【语篇解读】圣诞节前夕，“我”在一家玩具店里进行圣诞购物，目睹了一个善良的小女孩帮助一个小男孩的过程。从那个小女孩的身上“我”明白了人们需要互相关心，互相照顾。 1A.looking through Bgetting through

46、 Cdressing up Dtidying up 【解析】根据文章首句“圣诞节前夕，我在一家玩具店里进行最后时刻的圣诞购物” 可知，小女孩在挑选自己的玩具。look through 浏览，检查；get through到达，通过；dress up 盛装，乔装打扮；tidy up 整理，收拾。 【答案】A 2A.while Bwhen Cafter Donce 【解析】正当小女孩在挑选泰迪熊时，她看见一个小男孩走进来。be doing sth.when.“正在做某事时突然” 。 【答案】B 3A.But BTherefore CHowever DOtherwise 【解析】根据上下文可知，小男孩

47、虽然带着钱，但钱不多。此处表示转折。 【答案】C 4A.stopped Bcontinued Cavoided Dkept 【解析】根据下文“Each time he showed one to his father”可知，小男孩一直- 14 - 在挑选。 【答案】D 5A.shook Bnodded Cmoved Dheld 【解析】根据常识和“No”可知，父亲摇头表示不赞成。 【答案】A 6A.anxious Bdisappointed Cangry Dcurious 【解析】根据文章第一段可知小男孩特别想要 the Pokemon video games， 当愿望不能满足时自然是很失望。

48、anxious 焦急的；disappointed 失望的；angry 生气的；curious 好奇的。 【答案】B 7A.also Binstead Clastly Dindeed 【解析】根据“the boy gave up the video games”可知，小男孩只好选择了“a book of stickers”取而代之。 【答案】B 8A.nervously Bexcitedly Cbravely Dhopefully 【解析】根据下文内容可知，善良的小女孩是在帮助小男孩得到心仪的圣诞礼物，所以此时她怀着兴奋的心情。nervously 紧张地；excitedly 兴奋地；bravel

49、y勇敢地；hopefully 充满希望地。 【答案】B 9A.accompanied Bhelped Cadmired Dfollowed 【解析】作者带着自己要买的物品跟着他们去了付款处。accompany 陪伴；help 帮助；admire 赞美，钦佩；follow 跟随，追随。 【答案】D 10A.surprise Bsatisfaction Cdelight Dregret - 15 - 【解析】小女孩想帮助这个小男孩，唯恐他已付钱离开，所以当她看到小男孩父子还在排队时， 她很高兴。 surprise 惊讶 ； satisfaction 满意 ； delight 高兴 ； regret

50、遗憾，懊悔。 【答案】C 11A.behind Bbefore Cbetween Dbeyond 【解析】根据第二段中的“and raced down toward the checkout”和下文可知，小女孩赶在了小男孩之前排队付钱，从而悄悄地帮助了他。 【答案】A 12A.put Bhanded Csent Dcarried 【解析】小女孩付完钱后，又把装好的物品递给了收银员。 【答案】B 13A.whispered Bshouted Cgave Dshowed 【解析】小女孩又低声对收银员说了些什么。whisper 耳语，小声说。 【答案】A 14A.basket Bbag Cbear