2021-2022学年重大版英语必修一配套文档：Unit 4 Challenging Yourself Ⅱ.pdf

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1、1 .重点单词 1politics n政治 2biology n生物 3consist vi.组成 4management n管理 manage vt.管理 5passing adj.及格的 pass vi./vt.及格；通过 6acceptable adj.可接受的 accept vt.接受 7extremely adv.极端地；非常地 extreme adj.极端的；极度的 8strictly adv.严格地 strict adj.严格的 9insist vi.坚持；极力要求 10scholarship n奖学金 scholar n学者；获奖学金的学生 .重点短语 1once upon a

2、 time 从前；很久以前 2set up 建造 3consist of sth.由组成；由构成 4be (very) poor in sth.不擅长；在方面(学得、做得)不好 5in order to do sth.为了；以便；目的是 6instead of 代替；作为的替换 2 7insist on sth.坚持；坚决要求/主张 8because of 因为；由于 .好句积累 1To make the school management easier，all the animals had to take all the subjects. 为了使学校管理更容易，所有动物必须学所有的课程。

3、 2She went on practising running until her webbed feet were badly worn. 她坚持练习跑步，直到她那双蹼脚都磨烂了。 3It is said that the new cinema of this city was badly damaged in a big fire. 据说这个城市的新电影院在一场大火中被严重损坏了。 4No matter how difficult it is going to be，we will never give up. 无论它将多么困难，我们永不会放弃。 .课文阅读理解 1In the anim

4、al school，the animals had to take all the subjects except . Arunning Bjumping Cclimbing Dswimming 答案B 2Although practised a lot yet failed to pass the running test. Athe rabbit Bthe eagle Cthe duck Dthe squirrel 答案C 3Which of the following animals had the highest average and got the scholarship fina

5、lly? AThe eel. BThe squirrel. CThe duck. DThe rabbit. 答案A 4The rabbit left school because . Ahe was tired of learning Bhe was poor in running Che couldnt pass the running exam Dhe failed in the swimming exam over and over 答案D 5The eagle was strictly disciplined because . 3 Ahe was naughty Bhe was ho

6、nest Che often made troubles Dhe was too clever 答案C .课文语法填空 The animals set up a school.1.Their subjects included running，climbing，swimming 2.and flying.All the animals had to take all the subjects. The duck was excellent in swimming,3.but made only a 4.passing (pass) grade in flying and was very po

7、or 5.in running.She had to stay after school and also gave up 6.swimming (swim) in order to practise running.Finally ， she didnt pass the running test and was only average in swimming.The rabbit was at 7.the top of the class in running but couldnt pass the swimming exam.The squirrel 8.got (get) a “C

8、” in climbing and a “D” in flying.The eagle got a “C” in climbing.A little eel had the 9.highest (high) average and got the scholarship 10.at the end of the year. But average was acceptable in school，so nobody worried about that except the duck herself. 但是这样的成绩在学校里是可以接受的，所以除了小鸭自己，没有人担心这事儿。 归纳拓展 acce

9、ptable adj.可接受的；(社会上)认同的；认可的；令人满意的；还可以的 accept vt.接受；承认；认可 accept.as.承认为 be accepted as.被承认是 It is generally accepted that.普遍认为 acceptance n接受；同意；认可 语境感悟 (1)We must think out an acceptable way to settle the problem. 我们必须想出一个可接受的办法来解决问题。 (2)He accepted my invitation to the party. 4 他接受了我对他参加聚会的邀请。 (3

10、)It is generally accepted that exercise is good for health.普遍认为，锻炼对身体有好处。 accept，receive (1)accept 指自愿、主动地接受，表示的是结果。 (2)receive 指被动地收到、接到，表示的是动作。 即时跟踪 (1)用 accept，receive 的适当形式填空 I received a letter from my parents yesterday. I cant accept such an expensive present. (2)语法填空 It is not socially accept

11、able (accept) for parents to leave children away at that age. It is generally accepted that people are motivated by success. 1Their subjects consisted of running，climbing，swimming and flying. 他们的课程由跑步、攀爬、游泳与飞翔构成。 归纳拓展 consist of.由组成；由构成(无被动形式，无进行时) consist in(lie in)在于，存在于 consist with 与一致；并存 语境感悟 (

12、1)The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 英国由大不列颠和北爱尔兰组成。 (2)The true wealth does not consist in what we have，but in what we are. 真正的财富不在于我们拥有什么，而在于我们的人格。 (3)Theory should consist with practice. 理论应与实践相一致。 注意表示“组成，构成”的短语还有：make up，be made up of，be composed of 等。 即时跟踪 (1)句型

13、转换 Our class consists of 51 students. Our class is made up of 51 students. 5 Fiftyone students make up our class. (2)单句改错 The soup consists tomatoes，meat and peas，doesnt it？consists 后加 of 2.she had to stay after school and also gave up swimming in order to practise running. 她不得不在放学后留下，并且为了练习跑步也放弃了游泳

14、。 归纳拓展 in order to.为了，既可以用在句首，也可以用在句中。 so as to.为了，不能用在句首。 in order to 的否定式是在不定式符号 to 前加 not 或者 never。 in order that 为了，以便 (后接目的状语从句) so that 为了(后接目的状语从句或结果状语从句) 语境感悟 (1)She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她早早到场，以便找个好位置。 (2)They hurried up in order not to be late for class. 他们急忙赶路以便上课不迟到。

15、 (3)In order that he could not be late，his mother woke him up at 6. 为了防止他迟到，母亲 6 点钟叫醒了他。 即时跟踪 (1)句型转换 We started early in order to arrive before dark. We started early in order that we could arrive before dark. We started early so that we could arrive before dark. (2)一句多译 为了通过考试，他努力学功课。 In order to

16、pass the exam he worked hard at his lessons. He worked hard at his lessons in order to/so as to pass the exam. He worked hard at his lessons so that/in order that he could pass the exam. 3.but insisted on using his own way to get there. 但是(他)却坚持按照自己的方式到达那里。 归纳拓展 insist on (doing) sth.坚持(做)某事；坚决要求/主张

17、(做)某事 当 insist 表示“坚持要求，执意要求”时，其后面的宾语从句含义常常是还没有发生的动作。6 谓语用“shoulddo”的形式， should 常可以省略。 当 insist 表示“坚持认为，坚决宣称”时，其后宾语从句一般是发生了的动作，用陈述语气。 语境感悟 (1)He insists on going there. 他坚持要去那儿。 (2)She insisted that we (should) stay at her house instead of a hotel. 她执意要求我们住她家而不住酒店。(stay 动作尚未发生) (3)Mike insisted that

18、he was right. 迈克坚持认为自己是正确的。 (4)The man insisted that he hadnt stolen the bike. 那人坚称自己没有偷自行车。 即时跟踪 (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 She kept insisting(insist) on her innocence. I insist that he (should) go(go) with me. The boy insisted that he hadnt seen(not，see) my bag. (2)单句改错 The young man insisted that he be innoc

19、ent，and be set free immediately.第一个 bewas She went on practising running until her webbed feet were badly worn. 她坚持练习跑步，直到她那双蹼脚都磨烂了。 归纳拓展 句中 until 用作连词，意为“直到时，在以前” ，引导时间状语从句；until 也可用作介词，表示“直到” 。其基本用法为： (1)until 用于肯定句，意为“直到为止” ，表示动作到这个时间结束。主句的谓语多为延续性动词，如 work，study，stay 等。 (2)until 用于否定句，意为“直到(才)” ，

20、表示动作到这个时间开始发生。主句的谓语多为非延续性动词，如 arrive，come，leave 等。 (3)在“It is/was.that.”强调句型中，强调 until 引导的时间状语从句时，要把 not 和 until 放在一起。 7 (4)如果将 not until 放在句首，主句要用倒装语序。 语境感悟 (1)I know nothing about it until now. 直到现在关于这件事我什么也不知道。 (2)I had heard nothing of what happened until you told me. 在你告诉我之前，我未曾听到发生了什么事。 (3)It

21、was not until my mother came back that I went to bed. 直到我母亲回来了我才去睡觉。 (4)Not until he finished his homework did he go to bed. 他做完作业才上床睡觉。 即时跟踪 句型转换 (1)I began to watch TV when she came back. I did not watch TV until she came back. (2)I didnt leave until he came. Not until he came did I leave.(改成倒装句)

22、It was not until he came that I left.(用强调句型强调 until 部分) .语境填词 A)根据汉语提示，写出所缺单词 1He took great pains to manage(管理) the factory well. 2Then he hit on an idea that would be acceptable(可接受的) to both of us. 3I feel that that period in my life was extremely(非常地) valuable. 4I can talk to my father about any

23、thingexcept politics(政治) 5Winning the scholarship(奖学金) was a great event in the boys life. B)填写空白处所需的内容(1 个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式 6The other students scored 100 on average in the intelligence test，while John got 160. 7The doctor insisted that she (should) stay (stay) in bed.But her smiling face suggested th

24、ere was (be) nothing serious. 8Michael，now in hospital，says he regrets drinking and smoking. Well，no one knows the value of health until he has lost it. 9The club consisting (consist) of eighty members was set up in 1960. 10She was brought up very strictly (strict) 8 .选词填空 set up，consist of，instead

25、of，insist on，because of 11The research group consists of five scientists and two workers. 12After the war，people set up the museum to remember the dead. 13My father likes to go out for a walk instead of watching TV at home after supper. 14The sports meeting had to be put off because of the bad weath

26、er. 15When mother gave him a hand，the boy insisted on doing it by himself. .句型转换 16He had to study harder and harder so as to pass the exam. He had to study harder and harder in order to pass the exam. 17She insisted on going there by bus. She insisted that she should go there by bus. 18In spite of

27、being weak，he succeeded in walking to the bus stop. In spite of being weak，he managed to walk to the bus stop. 19It didnt stop raining until midnight. Not until midnight did it stop raining. .阅读理解 Its school time again！Youre probably feeling excited and maybe a little sad that summer vacation is ove

28、r.Some kids feel nervous or a little scared on the first day of school because of all the new things： new teachers， new friends， and even a new school.Luckily， these “new” worries only stick around for a little while.Lets find out more about going to a new school. Most teachers kick off the new scho

29、ol year by introducing themselves and talking about all the things youll be doing that year.Some teachers give students a chance to tell something about themselves to the rest of the class，too.When teachers do the talking on the first day，they often go over classroom rules and school rules so youll

30、know whats allowed and whats not.Please pay close attention. You might already know a lot of people in your class on the first day，but its a great day to make a new friend，so try to say hello to kids you know and new ones that you dont.Make the first move and youll be glad about what you did，and so

31、will your new friends! Seeing friends you havent seen in a while can make the first day a good one.You can make the day feel special by wearing clothes that you really like.Maybe you got a great Tshirt on one of your vacations，or a pair of sneakers(运动鞋)It can also make you feel good to be prepared a

32、nd have all the things you need，such as pencils，folders，and whatever else youll be needing.But make sure that you pack them the night before in case you dont have time in the morning. 20The underlined phrase “kick off” in the second paragraph probably means “ ” 9 Astart Bstudy Cfind Dteach 答案A 解析词义猜

33、测题。第二段叙述在新生开学时老师向学生作自我介绍及介绍新生在开学后那一学年所要做的事情等，据此可推知答案为 A 项。 21The last paragraph mainly tells us about . Awhat to know about a new school Bhow to prepare for a new school Cwhat to do on your first day of school Dhow to spend your first day of school 答案B 解析段落大意题。本文第二、三段主要介绍的是新生开学第一天的情况，最后一段讲述为此应作的准备。

34、22According to the passage you usually do everything on the first day of school EXCEPT . Aintroduce yourself Blearn about the school rules Cmake new friends Dgo over your new lessons 答案D 解析细节理解题。在文中第二、三段中可找到 A、B、C 三项的有关信息。D 项在文中未提到。 23The main idea of the passage is . Ahow to be used to a new school

35、 quickly Bhow to make new friends in a new school Cwhat to wear on the first day of the new school Dwhat to prepare for the first day of the new school 答案A 解析主旨大意题。综合全篇四段的大意知本题 A 项最为全面。B、C、D 三项皆比较片面。 .完形填空 We are often warned by our teacher not to waste precious time，because time 24 will never retur

36、n.I think it quite 25 .What does time look like？Nobody knows，for we cant see it or 26 it and no amount of money can 27 it.Time is abstract，so we have to 28 about it. 10 Time passes very quickly.Some students say they dont have 29 time to review all their lessons.It is because they dont know how to m

37、ake 30 of their time.They waste it in going to theatres，cinemas and parks，and doing 31 things.Why do we study every day？Why do we 32 ？Why do most people would rather 33 buses instead of walking？The 34 is very simple.We wish to save time because time is 35 . Today we are living in the 21st century.We

38、 look upon time as 36 .When a person dies，his life 37 .Since life is short，we must 38 our time and energy to our study so that we may be able to 39 the people well in the future.Laziness is the 40 of time，for it does not only bring us failure but also 41 us other harm.If it is necessary for us to do

39、 our work today，let us do it today and not 42 it until tomorrow. Remember that time is much more 43 than money. 24A.lost Bfound Cexpected Dmade 答案A 解析老师经常告诫我们时间是宝贵的，失去的时间不会再回来。lose 失去，此处是过去分词作后置定语。 25A.false Btrue Cabstract Dvaluable 答案B 解析根据下文的内容可知，此处意为：我认为这是真的。true 真实的。 26A.get Bhave Csee Dtouch 答

40、案D 解析因为我们看不见也无法触摸到时间。touch 触摸。 27A.find Bbuy Csense Drealize 答案B 解析多少钱也买不来时间。 28A.worry Bdiscuss Cadvise Dthink 答案D 解析所以我们必须好好考虑时间。think about 考虑。 11 29A.enough Blittle Cvaluable Duseful 答案A 解析很多学生说他们没有足够的时间复习全部的功课。enough 足够的。 30A.up Blight Cuse Dfun 答案C 解析那是因为他们不懂得怎么利用时间。make use of 利用。 31A.other B

41、another Csome Dany 答案A 解析他们把时间浪费在去剧院、电影院、公园和做别的事情上。other 别的。 32A.drink Beat Cthink Dwork 答案D 解析我们为什么工作呢？ 33A.borrow Bget Ctake Dmake 答案C 解析为什么大多数人宁愿乘公共汽车也不愿步行呢？take buses 乘公共汽车。 34A.question Banswer Cproblem Dmethod 答案B 解析答案非常简单。answer 答案。 35A.endless Bvalueless Cprecious Dfast 答案C 解析我们想节约时间，因为时间是宝贵

42、的。precious 宝贵的，根据上文可知答案。 36A.money Blife Cgold Dwater 答案B 解析我们把时间看作是生命。life 生命。 12 37A.comes to Bbegins Cends Dlives 答案C 解析一个人死了，他的生命就结束了。end 结束。 38A.waste Bdevote Cput Dvalue 答案B 解析我们必须把时间和精力奉献在学习上。devote 奉献。 39A.ask Bremember Csave Dserve 答案D 解析为了在将来很好地服务人民。serve 服务。 40A.friend Bmaker Cmother Dthi

43、ef 答案D 解析懒惰是偷时间的贼。 41A.brings Bdoes Ctakes Dsends 答案B 解析因为懒惰不但带给我们失败，还对我们有其他害处。do sb.harm 对某人有害。 42A.leave Bforget Cremain Dstay 答案A 解析让我们今天的事情今天做，而不要留到明天。leave 留。 43A.useful Bcheap Cheavy Dvaluable 答案D 解析记住：时间比金钱更贵重。valuable 有价值的，贵重的。 .短文改错 I have a good friend whos name is Han Meimei.She is our mo

44、nitor and one of the excellent students in our class.Although she is clever， but she works very hard.We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk about.One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was 13 out.She was doing her homeworks when she smelt something burning.She stopp

45、ed look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbors house.She called 119 immediate.Ten minutes later，the firemen came and put out fire.His neighbor was very thankful for her help. 答案 I have a good friend whoswhose name is Han Meimei.She is our monitor and one of the excel

46、lent students in our class.Although she is clever， but she works very hard.We have a lot onin common and have a lot to talk about.One evening she told me that something happened when her parents waswere out.She was doing her homeworkshomework when she smelt something burning.She stopped to look out of the window and findfound a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbors house.She called 119 immediateimmediately.Ten minutes later，the firemen came and put out the fire.HisHer neighbor was very thankful for her help.