高中英语 Unit4_阅读理解（自然灾难篇） 题型专项突破.pdf

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1、- 1 - 题型专项突破题型专项突破-Unit4 阅读理解（自然灾阅读理解（自然灾难篇）难篇） 阅读理解(共两节, 满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分, 满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中, 选出最佳选项。 A Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countr

2、ies that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous(多山的). The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the ones tha

3、t kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2, 000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake. On

4、e of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 830, 000 people were killed. This earthquake happened in 1556. - 2 - Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when t

5、hey are coming. People cannot prepare for them. (1) We can infer from the passage that_. A. people are not afraid of earthquakes B. only strong earthquakes kill a large number of people C. a large number of earthquakes often happen next to mountains D. earthquakes happen only in a few places along t

6、he coast (2) How many people died in the earthquake which happened in Portugal in 1755? A. 500. B. 140, 000. C. 830, 000. D. About 2, 000. (3) When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported? A. 1964;Alaska. B. 1556;China. C. 1923;Japan. D. 1979;China. (4) According to the passage, which of th

7、e following is NOT true? A. The stronger the earthquake is, the more people are killed. B. Earthquakes often come unexpectedly. C. Earthquakes can cause fires. D. People still dont know when an earthquake will come. 答案：(1)-(4) C D B A 解析：(1) 细节理解题。根据文章第一句可知 A 项错误;从文章有关地震所致伤亡情况的叙述来看, B 项错误;根据第一段的“Cou

8、ntries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous(多山的). ”可知答案为 C 项。 (2) 细节理解题。 根据第三段中 “In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2, 000 people died. ”可知答案。 (3) 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知答案。 (4) - 3 - 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Strong earthquakes are not always

9、the ones that kill the most people. ”可知, A 项错误。 B “Earthquake!” The word flashed in my brain. A roaring sound filled my ears. I tried to slide beneath my desk. The desk did a wild tap dance, slipping and sliding towards the centre of the room. I twisted my body and grabbed at the windowsill behind m

10、e, somehow kicking free of my dancing chair. I tried to stand. My legs skated away as if on a bucking escalator. My fingers shook, grasped and held the windowsill tightly. Somewhere through the roar sounded the terrified scream of some wounded animal. I looked behind me and tried to steady my gaze o

11、n the other kids but the scene was a dizzy nightmare. Some of the class were sitting in the middle of the room, surrounded by chairs and desks. One girl was screaming. A boy was trying to claw his way across the floor to the door in a crazy overarm crawl. My grip froze me to the windowsill. I cried

12、aloud, “Im going to die. Im going to die. Save me. Im not ready to die. Im not ready!” I hunched forward on my knees and pressed my face against my clenched fingers. I looked at the backs of my fingers and stupidly noticed the fragile pale hairs growing out of the pores. The fingers would soon cease

13、 to exist. Somehow the impending horror of my death was too terrible to even cry about. Suddenly, I became aware that the rocking had ceased. Perhaps I wasnt going to die. (5) The roaring sound was made by _. A. a wounded animal B. people screaming C. children running D. an earthquake (6) When the n

14、arrator clenches his fingers he is_. A. afraid B. angry C. injured - 4 - D. impatient (7) Paragraph 2 describes the_. A. injuries suffered by the narrator B. effects of a bad nightmare C. disorder in the classroom D. narrators fear of death (8) At the end of the passage there is a feeling of _. A. p

15、anic B. hope C. sorrow D. excitement 答案：(5) -(8) D A C B 解析：(5) 细节理解题。根据文章, 作者在文章中谈到的现象, 还有一些响声都是来描述地震的。 (6) 细节理解题。从文章中我们得知当描述者握紧手指时他非常害怕。 (7) 细节理解题。从文章第二段中所提到的孩子、桌子、椅子、屋子等均可说明这地方是教室。 (8) 推理判断题。从文章最后一句“Perhaps I wasnt going to die. ”, 我们可以看出他有希望了。 C Now many young people are travelling around the wo

16、rld on their own, not because they have no one to travel with, but because they prefer to go alone. Kristina Wegscheider from California first travelled alone when she was at college and believed that it was something everyone should do at least once in their life. “It opens up your mind to new thin

17、gs and pushes you out of your comfort zone. ” Wegscheider has visited 46 countries covering all seven continents. In foreign countries, with no one to help you read a map, look after you if you get ill, or lend you money if your wallet is stolen, it is challenging. This is what drives young people t

18、o travel alone. It is seen as character building and a chance to prove that they can make it on their own. - 5 - Chris Richardson decided to leave his sales job in Australia to go travelling last year. He set up a website, The Aussie Nomad, to document his adventures. He says he wished he had travel

19、ed alone earlier. “The people you meet, the places you visit, or the things you do, everything is up to you and it forces you to grow as a person, ” said the 30-year-old. Richardson describes traveling alone like “a shot in the arm”, which “makes you a more confident person that is ready to deal wit

20、h anything”. He said, “The feeling of having conquered something on my own is a major part of what drives me each day when Im dealing with a difficult task. I walk around with my head up because I know deep down inside that nothing is impossible if you try. ” The great 19th century explorer John Mui

21、r once said, “Only by going alone in silence can one truly get into the heart of the wilderness. ” (9) Which of the following will Kristina Wegscheider agree with? A. Travelling alone is a necessary experience for everyone. B. It is more meaningful to travel in foreign countries. C. It is comfortabl

22、e to travel around without a friend. D. Travelling abroad helps people to find new things. (10) Travelling alone is challenging because _. A. you have to make things on your own B. it is hard for you to prove yourself to others C. you depend on yourself whatever happens D. it will finally build your

23、 character (11) What can we infer about Chris Richardson? A. He started travelling at an early age. B. He was once shot in the arm. C. He used to work as a salesman. D. His website inspired others a lot. (12) What is the best title for the passage? A. Travel Abroad B. Travel Unaccompanied - 6 - C. T

24、ravel Light D. Travel Wide and Far 答案：(11) - (12) A C C B 解析： (9) 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“it was something everyone should do”可知答案为 A 项。 (10) 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第一句话：在国外, 没有人帮你看地图, 你生病的时候没有人照顾你, 你钱包被偷的时候没有人借钱给你, 这些都是有挑战性的。因此 C 项正确。 (11) 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段的第一句话可知 A 项错误;根据第五段的第一句话可知 B 项错误, 文章中用的是比喻, 而不是胳膊上真中了一枪;D 项文

25、章没有涉及, 故 C 项正确。 (12) 主旨大意题。文章介绍了单独旅行的好处、挑战及感受。根据文章第一段中的“travelling around the world on their own”以及下文多次出现的 alone 一词可知, B项适合当作文章标题, 其中 unaccompanied“无人陪伴的”与 alone 同义。 D Krakatau Volcano(克拉克托火山)is in a small island in Indonesia. It had been peaceful for about 200 years before it erupted(爆发)in 1883. Th

26、e first signs of the activity of the volcano appeared in May 1883, when fire and smoke could be seen at the top of the mountain. Great noise could be heard even in Jakarta a hundred miles away. Later the activity grew much greater. The peak(山顶)was covered with smoke and fire;the smoke at one time wa

27、s seventeen miles high in the air. The lavasoft and hot rockshot up into the air and rolled down the sides of the mountain. The mouth of the volcano was not at the peak of the mountain but on its side, close to the sea. As it grew bigger and bigger with the eruption, the sea water got into it. When

28、the sea water reached the lava inside the volcano, it made the upper part of the lava colder and harder. And this sealed off(封住)the rest of the lava below. As the inside of the lava could not break through the seal, the pressure(压力)built up until the mountain blew up. - 7 - The eruption of the volca

29、no was followed by several earthquakes which brought about bad result. About 36, 000 people were killed and many towns and villages near the sea were completely destroyed by the great waves which the earthquake caused. (13) Give the correct order of the course of volcano eruption. The peak was cover

30、ed with smoke and fire. Fire and smoke could be seen at the top of the mountain. Great noise could be heard a hundred miles away. The lava shot into the air and rolled down the sides of the mountain. A. B. C. D. (14) What made the volcano erupt? A. The sea water which went into the volcano. B. The l

31、ava. C. The pressure which was bigger and bigger. D. All of the above. (15) Where is the mouth of the volcano? A. At the peak of the mountain. B. On the side of the mountain near the sea. C. At the foot of the mountain. D. Inside the mountain. 答案：(13) - (15) C D B 解析：(13) 推理判断题。文章第二段讲述了这个问题。 (14) 细节

32、理解题。火山爆发是 A、B、C 三项共同作用的结果, 并非由其中的一项原因即可爆发。 (15) 细节考查题。根据文章第三段第一句话“The mouth of the volcano was not at the peak of the mountain but on its side, close to the sea. ”来断定答案为 B 项。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分, 满分 10 分) 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 - 8 - （16）_ One of the best things you can possibly d

33、o is to start your own club. Its great fun especially if youre the sort of person who feels theres never anything to do during the school holidays. The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. （17）_ Pets, clothes, pop music or dancing groups, sports, making things? The list is

34、endless. Next you need some friends to be in your club with you. （18）_ All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same things as you. （19）_You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. Thatll keep you bus

35、y for ages. At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. And the very first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers/sisters! The best clubs are always secret! Now you have just about everything you need, except membership cards. These are very important and again you can spend a

36、lot of time making them. （20）_ Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself? That will make the membership card really look like it. So there you are, get clubbing! Once you get started youll think of loads of more interesting things to do! A. Thats easy. B. Enjoy your own club! C. Invite a designer to join you. D. What are you interested in? E. Summer vacation is just around the corner. F. Then you need to pick a name for your club. G. Use bright thick pens to make a special design. 答案：(16)(20) EDAFG