2021-2022学年高中英语外研版必修4学案：Module 1 Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Language Points.pdf

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1、- 1 - Section Introduction & Reading and VocabularyLanguage Points for sure(for certain)肯定，无疑 (教材 P2)No one knows for sure，and making predictions is a risky business. 谁也说不准，并且猜测也是件冒险的事。 No one knows for sure what will happen in the future. 谁也不确定将来究竟会发生什么事。 (1)be sure about/of 确信；对有把握 be sure to do s

2、th. 一定会做某事；(祈使句)务必 (2)make sure 弄清楚；确保 I must go back and make_sure (that)I closed the door. 我必须回去确认我已经关好了门。 【导学号：98180000】 - 2 - There are two things he is not sure about/of. 有两件事他没有把握。 His brother is sure to_pass(pass)the 2017 National College Entrance Examination. 他哥哥一定能通过 2017 年的高考。 名师点津 (1)可以说

3、It is certain that.；但不可以说 It is sure that.。 (2)be sure of/about/that.表示主语感到“有把握”“确信” ；be sure to do sth.表示说话人认为主语“一定，必然会” 。 run out 用完，耗尽 (教材 P2)In the future，care for the environment will become very important as earths natural resources run out. 在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球上的自然资源将濒临枯竭。 Food supplies in the

4、floodstricken area are running out.We must act immediately before theres none left. 供应洪灾地区的食物快用完了。我们必须在用完之前立刻采取行动。 Her money has been run out of and her patience is also running out. 她的钱已经用完了，她的耐心也要耗尽了。 明辨异同run out of/run out/give out/use up run out of 意为“用完了” ，是及物动词短语，表示主动意义，主语一般是人。 run out 意为“用完了”

5、 ，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常是物(时间、食物、金钱等)。 give out “用尽 ； 精疲力竭” ， 可以表示人的力气 “用完” 或者人 “筋疲力尽” ，为不及物动词短语。 use up 意为“用完；消耗尽” ，为及物动词短语，相当于 run out of。 (run out of/ run out/ give out/use up) My money has_，so I cant afford to buy this book. I have_ my money，so I cant afford to buy this book. - 3 - 【答案】given out/run out

6、 run out of/used up (教材 P2)We will also have to rely more on alternative energy，such as solar and wind power. 我们也将不得不更多地依赖于替代能源，例如：太阳能和风能。 (1)rely on 依靠；依赖；信任；信赖 Most students cant earn money themselves， so they have to rely on their parents. 大多数学生自己不能挣钱，所以他们不得不依赖他们的父母。 (1)rely on sb.to do sth.rely

7、on sb./sb.s doing sth. 依靠某人做某事 (2)rely on it that. 相信，指望 We rely on him to_finish/finishing(finish)the work today. We rely on his finishing(finish)the work today. 我们指望他今天能完成这份工作。 You may rely on it that he will come to meet you. 你放心好了，他会来见你的。 (2)alternative adj.替换的；供选择的 n可供选择的事物 Do you have an alter

8、native solution to the problem? 你有没有别的办法来解决这个问题？ (1)an alternative to. 的替换/选择 (2)have no alternative/choice but to do. 除了做之外别无选择 - 4 - The treatment is offered as an alternative to surgery. 这种治疗可以替代手术。 We have no alternative but to_take(take)immediate action to stop pollution. 除了马上采取行动制止污染之外我们别无选择。

9、【导学号：98180001】 load n负荷；负担；载重 v装，装满，载满 (教材 P2)To get rid of garbage problems，the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems. 为了摆脱掉垃圾问题，城市将把垃圾装入巨大的太空船，把它们送向太阳，这样就阻止了地球上掩埋垃圾和环境污染问题。 His family is a heavy load on his

10、shoulder. 他的家庭是他肩上的一个重担。 (1)load sth.with.load sth.onto/into. 把某物装上/进 be loaded with. 装满 (2)a load of/loads of 许多；大量 take a load off ones mind 解除某人的忧虑 The workers are loading the goods onto_a car；that is，theyre loading the car with_goods. 工人们正在把货物装到汽车里，也就是说，他们正用货物装载汽车。 The desk is_loaded (load)with

11、things like toys and pictures. 书桌上堆满了玩具、图片之类的东西。 Loaded (load)with so much homework every day，many students come to be tired of school. - 5 - 每天都有很多作业，许多学生开始讨厌上学了。 Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off_my mind. 得知他们平安到达后我如释重负。 command nC命令；U指挥，控制；掌握 v.命令，指挥，支配 (教材 P2)In the future all

12、 shopping will be done online，and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders. 将来所有的购物将会在网上进行，商品目录将会有语音指令供人下订单。 (1)command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that (should)do. 命令做 (2)have a good command of 掌握，精通 in command of 掌握；控制 under ones commandunder the command of sb. 由某人指挥/掌管 Youd better re

13、ad and write more to have a good command of English. 为了掌握好英语，你最好多读多写。 The boss commanded all the information to_be_sent_(send)to him right away. The boss commanded that all the information (should)be_sent_(send)to him right away. 老板命令要把所有信息立即发送给他。 General Smith is in_command_of_the army. The army is

14、 under_the_command_of_General Smith. 史密斯将军统率这支军队。 名师点津 command 后接宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，从句的谓语动词用“(should)do”。有此用法的单词还有：一坚持(insist)；二命令(order，command)；三建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；四要求(require，request，demand，desire)。 - 6 - charge n费用；负责；指控 v要价；索价 (教材 P2)All forms of recreation， such as cinemas， bowling， so

15、ftball， concerts and others，will be provided free of charge by the city. 所有的娱乐形式，例如：电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他，都将由城市免费提供。 (1)in charge (of) 主管；负责；照顾 in the charge of(in ones charge) 由某人负责，由某人 管理 take charge of 掌管；负责，看管 (2)free of chargefor free 免费 (3)charge sb.with sth. 因某事控告某人 charge sb.money for sth. 向某人索取

16、某物的费用 Your order will be delivered free of charge within a tenmile limit. 在 10 英里范围之内，您的订货将免费送货上门。 The boss will ask Tom to take_charge_of/_be_in_charge_of the store.That is to say，the store will be in_the_charge_of Tom. 老板让汤姆负责这家商店。也就是说，这家商店将由汤姆负责。 The restaurant charged me D|S 20 for the dinner. 这

17、家餐馆收了我 20 美元的餐费。 The man arrested by the police was charged with stealing. 被警察拘留的男子被指控盗窃。 【导学号：98180002】 语境助记 The man in charge of/ taking charge of the performance told us that the tickets were free of charge.That is to say，they wouldnt charge us for the tickets. - 7 - 负责这一节目的那个男子告诉我们说这些票都是免费的，也就是说

18、，他们不会收我们票钱。 attach v附上，系上，贴上，使依恋；重视 (教材 P2)Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using hightech cameras attached to their head. 通过系在头上的高科技照相机，行动不便的老年人和身体有残疾的人就能周游世界。 (1)attach.to. 把附在上，把固定到 attach importance/significance to 认为重要/ 有意义 (2)attached adj. (

19、作表语) 依恋的；附属于 be attached to 附属于；依恋 He attached a stamp to the envelope and mailed it. 他在信封上贴上邮票然后寄了出去。 (2014天津高考)My parents always attach_great_importance_to my getting a good education. 我的父母一直非常重视让我得到良好的教育。 The boy is now studying in the middle school attached(attach)to the normal university. 那个男孩正

20、在这所师范大学的附属中学就读。 .语境填词 1The police caught the _ who shot people at the railway station and asked him why he made the_.(crime) 2He is a _ person so you can _ on him.(rely) 3A lack of sleep can make you _ losing good health so its _ to - 8 - stay up every night.(risk) 4 At the workplace I _ goods onto

21、the ships and at home I often_music from the Internet.(load) 5 He is a _ person.In other words， he is a person with _.(disable) 【答案】1.criminal；crime2.reliable；rely 3risk；risky4.load；download 5disabled；disabilities .选词填空 for sure；get rid of；rely on；run out；free of charge 1We should _ some bad habits

22、and develop good ones. 2The man washes clothes for the visitors coming here _. 3Nowadays，many young people _ their parents to live. 4We decided it would be best to go home，before our money _. 5 One thing is _once the baby is born， your life will never be the same again. 【答案】1.get rid of2.free of cha

23、rge3.rely on4.ran out5.for sure (教材 P2)Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no_matter_where_they_live. 每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变。 【要点提炼】句中 no matter where they live 为“no matter where(wherever)”引导的让步状语从句。另外，no matter 还可以与 when，how，what，who 等疑问词连用，引导让

24、步状语从句。 (1)“no matter疑问词” 引导让步状语从句时相当于“疑问词ever”引导让步状语从句。 (2)“no matter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词ever”除引- 9 - 导让步状语从句外还可引导名词性从句。 Wherever/No matter where you live，you must learn to get along with others. 不管你生活在哪里，你必须学会与他人相处。 However_/No_matter_how hard he tried，he couldnt get her to change her mind. 不管他怎么努力

25、，也没能使她改变主意。 My parents always waited up for me, whenever/no_matter_when I got home. 无论我什么时候回家，父母总是(不去睡觉)等着我。 You may take whatever you want.(宾语从句) 你可以拿你想要的任何东西。 【导学号：98180003】 Whoever wants to visit the museum must ask our teacher for permission. 无论谁想去参观博物馆都必须征求我们的老师的允许。(主语从句) ( 教 材 P2)Distance surg

26、ery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away，with_each_city_having_its_own_telesurgery_outpatient_clinic. 医生在几千英里以外为病人动手术的远程治疗成为常事，因为每个城市都有自己的远程诊所。 【要点提炼】句中“with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic”是“with宾语宾补”结构。“with宾语宾补”结构在句中可作伴随状语、方式状语、原因状

27、语、时间状语等，也可作后置定语。 常见的with复合结构：1with宾语形容词/副词/介词短语2with宾语doing表主动、进行3with宾语done表被动、完成4with宾语to do表将来 - 10 - He is used to sleeping with the window open at night in summer. 夏天的夜晚他习惯开着窗睡觉。 The teacher with a book in his hand is our new English teacher. 手里拿着书的那位老师是我们的新英语老师。 He lay there，with his eyes look

28、ing(look)at the ceiling. 他躺在那儿，眼睛盯着天花板。 With all the things she needed bought(buy)，she went home happily. 买了她所需要的全部东西，她高兴地回家了。 With so much work to_do(do)，I have no time for a holiday. 有那么多工作要做，我都没时间度假。 名师点津 在“with宾语宾补” 结构中，用不定式作宾补时，常用主动形式表示被动含义。 完成句子 1无论什么样的难事，都尽力去做。 Try to do _. 2无论你变成什么，我都会和你在一起。

29、 _ you become，I will be with you. 3无论他怎么努力，总是一次又一次的失败。 He failed again and again _ hard he tried. 4买了他需要的东西，他离开了商店。 _，he left the store. 5踢足球是他的业余爱好之一。 _ is one of his hobbies. 【答案】1.whatever is difficult2.Whatever/No matter what3.no matter how4.With everything he needed bought5.Playing football - 1

30、1 - To get rid of garbage problems，the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems. 【分析】句中结构不定式 To get rid .为目的状语，the city will load .and send .为主句，现在分词短语 preventing landfill and environmental problems 为结果状语。 【翻译】_

31、_ 【答案】为了摆脱掉垃圾问题，城市将把垃圾装入巨大的太空船，把它们送向太阳，这样就阻止了地球上掩埋垃圾和环境污染问题。 学业分层测评学业分层测评 .单句语法填空 1They had to return from the hiking in the desert because their food almost ran _. 2He commanded that the work _(finish)before 5 pm. 【导学号：98180033】 3You can take as many books as you like here for they are free _ charg

32、e. 4When we arrived，we found a note _ (attach)to the door. 5I had no money，so I had no alternative but _ (stay)at home. 6He lay in bed，with his eyes _ (fix)on the roof. 7_ you go，you will find many kind people who want to help others. 8To keep the town clean，the truck _ (load)with garbage is prevent

33、ed from entering to town. 9He _(arrest)when the policeman found drugs in his bag. 10People are not allowed to light fireworks within the citys _ (limit) 【答案】1.out2.(should)be finished3.of 4attached5.to stay6.fixed7.Wherever 8loaded9.was arrested10.limits - 12 - .单句改错 1No one can say for surely what

34、they were talking about because they held the meeting secretly. _ 2Hurry up.The time is running out of. _ 3You can rely on that our teacher will give us help. _ 4A truck was loaded with potatoes fell off the road last week near our school. _ 5Jack went out to play football，with all his homework fini

35、shing. _ 【 答 案 】 1.surelysure 2. 去 掉 of 3. 在 that 前 加 it 4. 去 掉 was5 .finishing finished .阅读理解 In the future your automobile will run on water instead of gas! You will be able to buy a supercomputer that fits in your pocket! You might even drive a flying car! For each prediction that has come true t

36、oday，several others have missed by a mile.Many of these predictions didnt consider how people would want to use the technology，or whether people really needed it in their lives or not.Lets look at some predictions from the nottoodistant past. Robot Helpers Wheres the robot in my kitchen? Nowhere ， o

37、f course.And hes probably not coming anytime soon.Robots do exist today ， but mostly in factories and other manufacturing environments. Back in the 1950s，however，people said that by now personal robots would be in most peoples homes. So why hasnt it happened? Probably because robots are still too ex

38、pensive and clumsy.And maybe the idea of robots cooking our dinners and washing our clothes is just too weird.At home we seem to be doing fine without them. Telephones of Tomorrow In 1964 an American company introduced the video telephone.They said by the - 13 - year 2000 most people would have a vi

39、deo phone in their homes.But of course the idea hasnt caught on yet. Why? The technology worked fine， but it overlooked something obvious: peoples desire for privacy.Would you want to have a video phone conversation with someone after you just step out of the shower? Probably notit could be embarras

40、sing! Just because a technology available doesnt always mean people will want to use it. And finally，how about that crazy prediction of the flying car? Its not so crazy any more! But a flying car remains one of the most fascinating technology ideas to capture our imagination.Keep watching the news，o

41、r perhaps the sky outside your window，to see what the future will bring. 【语篇解读】人们总是预测未来，那么他们的预测一定会实现吗？ 作者列举了很久以前人们对未来的预测的例子来证明并不是所有的预测都能完全实现。 1. The whole passage is mainly about _. Apredictions that have come true Bpredictions that havent come true Cwhy predictions dont come true easily Dwhat techn

42、ology will bring about 【解析】主旨大意题。作者列举了很久以前人们对未来的预测的例子来证明并不是所有的预测都能完全实现。故选 B 项。 【答案】B 2. The author of this passage wont believe that_. Apredictions neednt consider peoples practical use of technology Bthe future isnt always easy to guess Cnot all past predictions have come true Dmany of the hightech

43、 things our parents thought wed be using by now simply never appeared 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的 Many of these predictions didnt consider how people would want to use the technology， or whether people really needed it in their lives or not.可知作者认为很多的预测之所以不能实现是因为它们不考虑人们在生活中是否真的需要这种科技，故 A 项是作者不赞成的。 【答案】A - 14 -

44、 3. The underlined word “weird” in Para.5 probably means_. Awonderful Bstupid Cpractical Dstrange 【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文知道机器人太昂贵、太笨拙，所以机器人帮人们洗衣做饭的想法现在看来仍是不可思议的事情，故选 D 项。 【答案】D 4What does the author think of the flying car? AIt is too difficult to imagine. BIt is too crazy an idea. CIt is likely to be made.

45、DIt is often reported in the news. 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 Its not so crazy any more! 可知会飞的汽车的想法有可能会实现。故选 C 项。 【答案】C .完形填空 “Bill! It is February 25,2099，seven oclock.Time to_1_and go to school.” said the clockrobot_2_a metal voice.Then the kitchenrobot gave him toast and eggs.Bill was_3_.While he was eat

46、ing，the whole wall_4_a TV screen and Bill thought that it was great of having robots do_5_for him.Bill ate his meal as watching a TV_6_.When he finished eating ， the_7_gave him his clothes very fast and_8_him.Then Bill went off to school. When Bill went outside，he saw a car with no_9_waiting for him

47、.The car said，“Hello， I will be_10_you to school every day.Now would you please_11_me your school ID card？” said the car.So Bill showed the car his school ID card and got in.The_12_began to talk to Bill about his school and his schoolwork.After that the car said，“I will_13_your homework today_14_you

48、 will have a very，very important lesson to_15_in school today.Please put your homework on the blackboard.”Bill did so. The car checked Bills homework and then said， “You are a(n)_16_student.All of your homework is_17_.”When they_18_the school ， Bill said to the car ，- 15 - “Goodbye.See you later.”Th

49、e car said to Bill，“Good luck in your school.”Bill got into the classroom and_19_his seat at the front of the room.Then his teacher came in and said，“Welcome，children! Today we will have a hard but_20_lessonHow do robots help a human being？ .” 【语篇解读】到 2099 年各种机器人会进入普通家庭，人们日常的衣食住行都会得到机器人周到的服务。 1. Age

50、t up Bshow up Ctake up Ddress up 【解析】根据下文比尔要去上学，故可推测现在应该是起床时间。 【答案】A 2. Ain Bon Cwith Dby 【解析】in a.voice 固定搭配，表示“用的声音” 。 【答案】A 3. Aangry Bamazed Cworried Dquick 【解析】根据上下文推断，比尔应该对机器人提供的服务感到惊奇，故用amazed。 【答案】B 4. Achanged for Bbecame of Clooked like Dturned into 【解析】turn into 表示“变成” 。 【答案】D 5. Asomethi