2021-2022学年高中英语外研版必修4学案：Module 5 Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary—Language Points.pdf

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1、- 1 - Section Introduction & Reading and VocabularyLanguage Points surround vt.包围；环绕 (教材 P41)A lake is an area of water surrounded by land. 湖泊就是由陆地所围成的一片水域。 (1)surround sb./sth.with sb./sth. 使某人/某物被某人/某物 包围 be surrounded by/with 被围绕着；周围是 (2)surrounding adj. 周围的 surrounded adj. 被环绕着的 (3)surroundings

2、n. 环境(通常用复数形式) - 2 - The robber tried to run off but gave up when he found himself surrounded by policemen. 这名抢劫犯企图逃跑，但是当他发现自己被警察包围了时就放弃了。 We lived in a house surrounded(surround)by trees ， and most of the trees surrounding(surround)the house were pine trees. 我们住在一所被树木环绕的房子里，环绕在房子周围的树木大部分是松树。 Standi

3、ng on the top of the mountain，we can see the surrounding(surround)hills. 站在山顶，我们能看到周围的小山。 It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surroundings(surround) 我花了好几个星期才适应了新环境。 【导学号：98180023】 trade vi.做生意 vt.交换；用进行交换 n.U贸易 (教材 P42)They are mainly for goods and people trading along the river. 它们主要是用来运输

4、货物的，乘客多是沿江做生意的人。 Trade between the two countries was stopped by the war. 两国间的贸易因战争而中断。 (1)trade with. 与做生意 trade in 做生意 (2)trade.for. 用交换/换取 The two countries trade with each other in agricultural produce. 这两个国家在农产品方面有贸易往来。 He traded his pen_for a knife with me yesterday. 昨天他用钢笔跟我换了一把小刀。 narrow vt.&

5、vi.(使)变窄；(使)缩小 adj.狭窄的 ( 教 材 P42)The gorge narrows to 350 feet as the river rushes through the twomilehigh mountains. 当急流穿过两英里高的峡谷时，峡谷变窄了，只有 350 英尺。 - 3 - We need to narrow the health divide between the rich and the poor. 我们需要缩小穷人和富人之间的健康差距。 The river is narrow and you can easily swim across. 这条河很窄，

6、你可以很容易地游过去。 (1)narrow.to. 把局限在之内 (2)have a narrow escape 九死一生 narrow victory/defeat 险胜/勉强击败 (3)narrowly adv. 勉强地；差一点儿；狭隘地 She narrowed her life to a certain circle of friends. 她把她的生活局限在一个特定的朋友圈中。 You were lucky to have_a_narrow_escape from being drowned. You were lucky to narrowly (narrow)escape fro

7、m being drowned. 你侥幸没有溺死，真是幸运。 at least 至少 (教材 P42)“Oh，well，”my friend said，“at least we have two more left.” 我朋友说：“喔，至少我们还能看见另外两个峡谷。” (2014安徽高考)I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day. 我几乎每天至少要锻炼半小时。 (1)at (the)most 最多，至多，不超过 (2)not in the leastnot at all 一点也不，毫不 last but not least

8、 最后的但同样重要 There were at_most twenty people in the classroom. - 4 - 教室里最多不超过 20 人。 The film is not_in_the_least interesting. 这部电影一点儿意思也没有。 Would you mind my turning the TV on? 你介意我打开电视吗？ Not_at_all_/Not_in_the_least. 一点也不介意。 distant adj.遥远的；疏远的；冷漠的 (教材 P42)On a distant mountain was a sign in 20foot c

9、haracters.“Build the Three Gorges Dam，Exploit the Yangtze River，”it said.远山上写着 20 英尺见方的汉字：“建造三峡大坝，开发长江资源” 。 Instead of stopping to speak，she passed by with only a distant nod. 她没有停下来说话，只是冷淡地点点头便过去了。 (1)be distant from 离(某地)有多远 (2)distance n. 距离；路程；远方 in the distance 在远方，在远处 at a distance 稍远处 at a di

10、stance of 在远的地方 At_a_distance_of_six miles you cant see much. 距离六英里以外的东西很难看清。 The school is three miles distant_from the station. 这所学校距离车站 3 英里。 The painting looks better at_a_distance. 这幅画隔一段距离看起来更好。 What an amazing place London was to me when I saw it in_the_distance. 我从远处望着伦敦，觉得它真是一个令人惊异的地方。 - 5

11、- 图形助记 .语境填词 1 As a famous pop star， he loves being _ by so many fans coming to visit him from the _ towns.And he also likes beautiful _ with green trees and flowers，because he can get much more pleasure from nature.(surround) 2The police had _ down their list of suspects but the murderer _ escaped

12、being caught.(narrow) 【导学号：98180024】 3. With this special instrument， you can see _ objects， which come up and slowly fade away into the _.(distant) 【答案】1.surrounded；surrounding；surroundings2.narrowed；narrowly3.distant；distance .选词填空 at the edge of；at least；be heavy with；go through；in the distance 1

13、Listen! The birds are singing _ woods. 2Every autumn，the apple trees behind my house _ apples. 3I can hear the sound of the cheering _. 4There are _ three things we can do to keep healthy every day.Do you know what they are? 5Dave _ his pockets looking for the keys. 【答案】1.at the edge of2.are heavy w

14、ith3.in the distance4.at least5.went through ( 教 材 P42)He and a colleague were_to_spend_two_years there teaching English at a teacher training college. 他和一位同事准备在那里的一所教师进修学院教两年英语。 【要点提炼】本句中 were to spend .属于“beto do” 结构，是将来时的一- 6 - 种形式。 “beto do 结构”用法归纳如下： (1)表示按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作，这是将来时的一种用法。 (2)

15、表示必须或应该，在意思上相当于 must，should，ought to 或 have to。 (3)表示注定要发生或不可避免要发生的事。 (4)如果主语是以 aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish 等为中心的名词，或 what 引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明的作用。 She is to get married next month in the local church. 她将于下个月在当地教堂结婚。 They are to_pay(pay)a visit to the teacher

16、 together at ten tomorrow morning. 他们明天上午十点钟一起去看这位老师。 This medicine is to_be_taken(take)three times a day. 这种药一天要服三次。 Einsteins theory was to_change(change)the views to the universe. 爱因斯坦的理论势必改变人类对宇宙的看法。 (教材 P42)On_a_distant_mountain was a sign in 20foot characters.“Build the Three Gorges Dam，Exploi

17、t the Yangtze River，” it said. 远山上写着 20 英尺见方的汉字：“建造三峡大坝，开发长江资源” 。 【要点提炼】本句完全倒装句，句子的真正主语是 a sign in 20foot characters，地点状语 on a distant mountain 被提前。正常语序是“A sign in 20foot characters was on a distant mountain.” 。 - 7 - 完全倒装的条件： (1)表示方位的 here，there，up，down，out，in，away 等；表示时间的 now，then 等；以及表示地点的介词短语位于句

18、首； (2)谓语动词一般为 be 动词或 lie，come，go，stand 等不及物动词； (3)句子的主语为名词。若句子的主语是代词，主谓不倒装。 On the top of the mountain stands a tall tree. 山顶上矗立着一棵大树。 The door opened and out rushed_the_children. 门开了，孩子们冲了出来。 Look，here comes_the_bus. 看，汽车来了。 Here it_comes. 它确实来了。 Now comes(come)your turn. 现在轮到你了。 句型转换 1A cat rushed

19、 out from the bedroom. _ a cat from the bedroom. 2A professor sat in a lecture hall of a university in England. In a lecture hall of a university in England _. 3We are going to discuss the report next Saturday. We _ the report next Saturday. 【答案】1.Out rushed2.sat a professor3.are to discuss Every ro

20、ck looked like a person or animal，every stream that joined the great river carried its legends，every hill was heavy with the past. - 8 - 【分析】该句是由三个排比句组成的并列句。第一个句子为主系表结构。look like 的意思： 看起来像；第二个句子为主谓宾结构。that joined the great river是定语从句，修饰 every stream；第三个句子为主系表结构。 【翻译】_ _ 【答案】块块巨石形象各异，条条支流流淌着传说，座座小山承载

21、着过往。 学业分层测评学业分层测评 .单句语法填空 1The aim of education is _(teach)young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly. 2 The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were _(narrow)beaten. 3 The house still needed a lot of work， but _ least the kitchen was finished. 4 After class ， the

22、 teacher stood in the front of the classroom ，usually_(surround)by many students. 5Some people of this town used to trade _ grain and vegetables. 6Didnt you see the sign，_(say)“NO PHOTOS”？ Im really sorry.I didnt. 7At the back of the classroom _(sit)some parents，who came here for some reason. 8When

23、I came in，I saw my daughter _(sit)on the edge of my bed，seeming to be reading something. 【导学号：98180044】 9He stood _ the edge of the lake，taking pictures of the beautiful sunset. 10 The village is rather _(distance)from here.Look ahead in the distance.Maybe you can just see the lights of the village.

24、 【答案】1.to teach2.narrowly3.at 4surrounded5.in6.saying7.sat8.sitting 9at10.distant - 9 - .单句改错 1The hotel which we will stay in is situated on the edge of the town. _ 2In a room above the store，where a party was be held，some workers were busy setting the table. _ 3. Will D|S 200 cover the cost of the

25、 damage? Im afraid not，I need in least D|S 100 more. _ 4. Mary gets off the bus.There stand a boy she has never seen before，who is waiting for her，with some flowers in his hands. _ 5He shouted at the little girl，but his heart melted when he saw her cried. _ 【答案】1.onat2.was 后加 to3.inat 4standstands5.

26、criedcrying .阅读理解 Travel is fun and exciting，but its not if you get sick.You may think，“Not me，I wont get sick on my vacation.” But，for many people，that is what happens. Of course you dont want to spend your vacation sick in bed.So what can you do to stay in good health？There are three things you sh

27、ould remember when you travel：relax，sleep and eat well. A vacation is supposed to be a time for relaxing.But very often it is not.Think about what you do when you are a tourist.There are so many places to visit：museums，shops，parks and churches.You may spend most days walking around these places.This

28、 can be very tiring；you may have a terrible headache after a few hours.If this is the way you feel， you should take a rest.Dont ask your body to do too much.A tired body means a weak body.And a weak body gets sick easily.So sit down for a few hours in a nice spot.In good weather，look for a quiet par

29、k bench.Or you can stop at a cafe.You can learn a lot by watching people while you rest. Sleep is also important.If you want to stay healthy ， you need to get enough - 10 - sleep.You may have trouble sleeping at night when you travel.Your hotel room may be noisy or the bed may be uncomfortable.If th

30、is is true， dont be afraid to change rooms or hotels.Or you may not get enough sleep for another reason.You may want to stay out late at night.In many cities the nightlife can be very exciting.Then you should plan to sleep for an hour during the day.The extra hour can make a big difference. Finally，

31、if you want to stay healthy，you must eat the right kinds of foods but you need to be careful about how much you eat.Lots of food is not good for you. So ， remember this.If you want to enjoy your vacation ， take good care of yourself.Give your body some rest.Get enough sleep and eat good，healthy food

32、. 1This passage is about_. Awhat you eat when you travel Bhow exciting travel is Crelaxing when you travel Dhow to stay healthy when you travel 【解析】主旨大意题。从整篇文章来看，本文主要介绍了旅行时保持健康的几个注意事项。 【答案】D 2Sightseeing is_. Athe best way to relax Bvery tiring Cnever any fun Dunhealthy 【解析】由第三段可知，旅行时我们去参观很多地方，因此会很疲

33、惫。 【答案】B 3Your body needs sleep to_. Aenjoy the nightlife Bchange hotels Cstay strong and healthy Dlearn a lot about a new place 【解析】由第四段第二句可以得出答案。 - 11 - 【答案】C .完形填空 My nephews 10yearold son came for a visit one hot，July weekend.I persuaded him to _1_ inside and joined him in a game.After _2_ for a

34、n hour，I suggested that we relax for a while.I fell into my favorite recliner( 躺 椅 )to let my neck muscles relax.Hed slipped out of the room and I was catching a few _3_ moments of peace and quiet. “Look，Alice，” he said _4_ as he ran over to the chair where I was sitting “I found a kite.Could we go

35、outside and _5_ it？” Glancing out a nearby window，I noticed it was _6_ outside.“Im sorry，Tripper.” I said，sad to see his _7_ eyes.“The wind is not blowing today.The kite wont fly.” The _8_ 10yearold replied，“I think its _9_ enough.I can get it to fly，” he answered as he ran out to the back door _10_

36、. Up and down in the yard he ran，pulling the kite _11_ to a small length of string.He ran back and forth，as hard as his 10yearold _12_ would carry him，looking back _13_ at the kite behind.After about ten minutes of _14_ determination，he came back in. I asked，“How did it go？” “Fine，”he said，not wanti

37、ng to admit _15_.“I got it to fly some.” As he walked past me to return the kite to the closet shelf，I heard him say under his breath，“I guess Ill have to wait for the _16_.” At that moment I heard another voice speak to my _17_.“Alice， sometimes you are just like that.You want to do it your way _18

38、_ waiting for the wind.” And the voice was right.We usually want to use our own efforts to _19_ what we want to do.We wait for the wind only after we have done all we can and have exhausted(耗尽)our own _20_.We must learn how to rely on him in the first place! 1A.live Bstudy Cstay Dlie 【解析】根据上下文可知，天太热

39、所以“我” 说服他待在(stay)家里玩游戏。A.生活，居住；B.学习；C.待在；D.说谎，位于。故 C 正确。 - 12 - 【答案】C 2A.playing Bresting Cchallenging Darguing 【解析】我们已经玩了(playing)一个小时的游戏，所以“我” 建议我们休息一会。 【答案】A 3A.worried Btroubled Cexcited Denjoyable 【解析】“我”好好快乐的享受一下这平和安静的愉悦时光。A.担心的；B.麻烦的；C.兴奋的；D.快乐的。故 D 正确。 【答案】D 4A.casually Benthusiastically Cst

40、ubbornly Ddeliberately 【解析】当他跑到“我”所坐的椅子旁边时，兴奋地对“我”说：“我发现了一只风筝。”A.随意地；B.兴奋地，热情地；C.固执地；D.故意地。故 B 正确。 【答案】B 5A.decorate Bdrop Chang Dfly 【解析】我们能出去放风筝吗？A.装饰 ； B.落下 ； C.悬挂 ； D.放风筝 fly a kite。故 D 正确。 【答案】D 6A.hot Bstill Cnoisy Dfine 【解析】“我” 发现屋外一丝风都没有。A.炎热的 ； B.风平浪静的，静止的 ；C.嘈杂的；D.天气好的。故 B 正确。 【答案】B 7A.bri

41、ght Bdisappointed Cdull Dsatisfied 【解析】根据上文的 Im sorry 及 sad to see 可知，此时他的眼神里应该是很- 13 - 失望的(disappointed)。A.聪明的，光明的；B.失望的；C.郁闷的；D.满意的。故 B正确。 【答案】B 8A.clever Btalented Cdetermined Dfearless 【解析】根据下文的回答 “I think its_9_enough.I can get it to fly.”可知，这个 10 岁的小男孩态度应该是很坚决的(determined)。A.聪明的；B.有天赋的；C.坚决的；D

42、.大胆的。故 C 正确。 【答案】C 9A.sunny Bcloudy Cwindy Drainy 【解析】“我认为风足够大了，我能够让风筝飞起来。” A.阳光的；B.有云的；C.有风的；D.有雨的。故 C 正确。 【答案】C 10A.hurriedly Bcuriously Csuddenly Dunwillingly 【解析】当他快速从后门出去的时候，他坚定地回答说他能让风筝飞起来。A.快速地；B.好奇地；C.突然地；D.不情愿地。故 A 正确。 【答案】A 11A.adapted Badded Cattached Ddevoted 【解析】风筝被很短的绳子系住了(attach)。A.适应

43、；B.增加；C.固定，系住；D.奉献，致力于。故 C 正确。 【答案】C 12A.mind Bbody Carms Dlegs 【解析】他用他十岁的双腿来回地跑。A.主意，想法；B.身体；C.胳膊；D.腿。故 D 正确。 【答案】D 13A.angrily Bnervously - 14 - Cdoubtfully Dhopefully 【解析】根据上文中“I can get it to fly”可知，此时小男孩是很有希望地看着后面的风筝，认为风筝能够飞起来。hopefully 很有希望地，有前途地；angrily生气地；nervously 紧张地；doubtfully 怀疑地，含糊地。故 D

44、 正确。 【答案】D 14A.unsuccessful Bsuccessful Cuncomfortable Dcomfortable 【解析】经过十分钟的不成功的试飞后，他回来了。A.不成功的 ； B.成功的 ；C.不舒服的；D.舒服的。故 A 正确。 【答案】A 15A.win Bdefeat Cmistake Dluck 【解析】根据下文“I got it to fly some”可知，他不认输。admit defeat 服输，认输。A.赢；B.失败，输；C.错误；D.运气。故 B 正确。 【答案】B 16A.wind Border Cnews Dsunshine 【解析】“我想我不得不

45、等有风了才行。” A.风；B.命令；C.新闻；D.阳光。故 A 正确。 【答案】A 17A.heart Bmemory Cdream Dworld 【解析】根据语境可知，此处是指听到一个从内心发出来的声音。heart 内心，心脏；memory 记忆，记忆力；dream 梦(想)；world 世界。 【答案】A 18A.regardless of Binstead of Cin spite of Din case of 【解析】你想要的是按照你自己的方式做事，而不是等待风的来临。A.不管，不顾；B.而不是；C.尽管；D.以防万一。故 B 正确。 【答案】B - 15 - 19A.imagine Bdecide Capply Daccomplish 【解析】我们经常想用自己的力量去完成我们想做的事情。 A.想象 ； B.决定 ；C.申请；D.完成，实现。故 D 正确。 【答案】D 20A.courage Bpatience Cstrength Dknowledge 【解析】根据语境可知，只要当我们努力过后且筋疲力尽的时候，我们才愿意等待风的来临。strength 力量，力气；courage 勇气；胆量；patience 耐心；knowledge 知识。故 C 正确。 【答案】C