2021-2022学年高中英语外研版必修3学案：Module 5 Section Ⅱ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary －Language Points.pdf

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1、- 1 - Section Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary Language Points equal adj.相等的，相当的；胜任的 v.等于；比得上 n.和自己相当的人或物 (教材 P41)All human beings are equal.人人平等。 (1) equal sb/sth.(in.) (在方面)比得上，与 匹敌；与相等 (2)be equal to sth/sb in. 在方面等于 be equal to(doing) sth. 胜任 (3)without (an)equal 无人可比的 (4)equally adv. 同样地；相

2、等地 equality n. 相等；平等 - 2 - Though he is equal to_them in height, no one can equal him in playing basketball.尽管他和他们的身高相当，但在打篮球方面无人能与他匹敌。 Im not sure he is equal to the job. 我不确定他是否能胜任这份工作。 Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally ( equal) respected.任何人，无论他是官员还是公交司机，都应被平等地尊

3、重。 be at war with 和处于战争状态 (教材 P43)Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. 古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。 (1)declare war on. 对宣战 (2)“atn.”构成短语，表示“处于一种什么样的状态” at peace 处于和平状态 at rest 在休息 at play 在游戏 at work 在工作 at table/dinner 在吃饭 at lunch 在吃午饭 at school 在上学 We hope all the countr

4、ies in the world are at_peace forever. 我们希望世界上所有的国家永远处于和平之中。 The children were at_play while their parents were at_lunch.孩子们在做游戏，而他们的父母在吃午饭。 stress vt.强调；施压于；使紧张 n强调；压力 (教材 P43)He stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society. 他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。 - 3 - (1)lay/ put/ place stress on st

5、h.强调/重视 under stress 在压力下 under the stress of 为所迫 (2) stress the importance of. 强调的重要性 (3) stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的 Some young people live a hard life under_the_stress_of the modern life. 有些年轻人在现代生活的压力下过着艰难的生活。 We_lay_stress_on developing good neighbourly relations with nearby countries. 我们重视发展同邻近国家的

6、睦邻友好关系。 She finds her new job very_stressful (stress) but she will never give it up. 她发现她的新工作压力非常大。但她绝不会放弃。 order n秩序，次序；命令；定购；订单 v命令，指令；定购 (教材 P43)He stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society. 他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。 (1)order sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事 order that.(should)动词原形 命令 (2)in or

7、der 井然有序；按次序的 out of order 混乱的；出故障的 in order of 按的顺序 (3)place an order for sth.with (sb.) 向(某人)订购某物 - 4 - The doctor ordered that I (should)_take(take) a rest for a month. 医生要我休息一个月。 The old man ordered the rude youngman to_go(go) out. 老人命令那位粗鲁的年轻人出去。 All the things in the room were_out_of_order,_bu

8、t she quickly put them_in_order. 房间里所有的东西都杂乱无序，可她很快就将它们收拾得井然有序了。 【导学号：91390022】 名师点津 order 作动词用时， 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气， 从句的谓语要用 shoulddo或省略 should。作名词用，表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。 bring up 教育，抚养(孩子)；提出(议题等)；呕吐 (教材 P43)His father died when he was young，and he was brought up by his mother. 父亲去世的时候他还很小，他是由他母亲抚养成人的。

9、 写出下列句中 bring up 的含义 Why did you have to bring up the subject of money？_ The boy, though brought up in the countryside, has a strong interest in the colorful city life._ He felt so sick that he brought up what he ate. _ 【答案】提出抚养呕吐 bring about 引起，导致 bring back 归还；带回；(事物)使记起 bring down 使倒下；降低 bring in

10、 吸引；引进；赚得 The great damage which the earthquake brought_about made many people - 5 - homeless or lose their lives. 地震带来的巨大损失使许多人失去家园或者丧生。 His work brings him in 1,000 dollars a month. 他的工作每月给他带来 1000 美元的收入。 语境助记 The plan he brought up has brought down the costs of production and brought in a lot of

11、profit. 他提出的方案降低了生产成本，带来了大量利润。 .语境填词 1Li Ming and Li Fang, who are of _ height, are _ clever and believe in _ of opportunity(equal) 2 The two subjects are of great _.In other words, they are very _.(important) 3Jerry has been under _ for one month because he has so much work to do.Nobody else lives

12、in such a _ environment as him.(stress) 4 He is a very _ person.He has an important _ on peoples ideas.(influence) 【答案】1.equal；equally；equality2.importance；important3.stress; stressful4.influential; influence .选词填空 be similar to；be at war with；bring up；have an influence on；follow ones advice 1No one

13、 hopes the two countries will _ each other, because peace is what everyone wants. 2Bill was born in Canada but was _ in America. 3I bought a pair of new shoes，which _ a pair I had before. 4I tried to persuade him, but he didnt _. 5What our teacher said _ me. 【答案】1.be at war with2.brought up3.were si

14、milar to4.follow my advice5.had an influence on - 6 - (教材 P41)Treat others in the way you want to be treated. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 【要点提炼】句中的 way 意为“方式，方法” ，后接省略了关系词 that/in which 的定语从句 you want to be treated，关系词在定语从句中作状语。 way 作“方式，方法”讲，后接定语从句时有两种情况： (1)当 way 后面的定语从句缺少状语时，关系词用 that/in which，也可以省略。 (2)当 way 后面的

15、定语从句缺少主语、宾语时，关系词用 that/ which(作宾语时关系词可以省略，作主语时关系词不可以省略)。 (2015福建高考)The first thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important. 首先我想说的是，你开始谈话的方式非常重要。 Can you work out a way_(that/_in_which)_we can solve the problem? 你能找出一种我们能够解决这个问题的方法吗？ The way (that/which)_he explained

16、 to us was simple. 他向我们解释的这个方法很简单。 The way that/which was thought of by him was similar to Toms. 他想出的这个方法和汤姆的类似。 ( 教 材P43)But it_was_also_a_time_when there were many great philosophers. 但那也是一个产生了许多哲学家的时期。 【要点提炼】句中 it is/ was a time when.表示 “这是一个的时期” 。 time 表示“一段时间” ，when 引导定语从句，when 在从句中作时间状语，相当于 du

17、ring which。 - 7 - 当表示时间的名词如 time，day，year，moment 等，用作定语从句的先行词时，定语从句的关系词有两种情况： (1)若关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，则用关系副词 when。 (2)若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词 which/that(作宾语时可以省略)。 It was a time when there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets. 那是一个没有收音机、电话及电视机的时代。 Do you still remember the days which/that we spent

18、 together in school? 你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？ (教材 P43)Mencius believed_that_the_reason_why man is different from animals is_that man is good. 孟子认为人之所以不同于动物是因为人是向善的。 【要点提炼】believe 后是 that 引导的宾语从句，从句中使用“The reason why.is that.”句式，其中 why 引导的是定语从句，that 引导的是表语从句，意为“的原因是” 。 (1)reason 的相关搭配及句型： for.reason 由于原因

19、 the reason for(doing) sth. (做)某事的原因 The reason for(doing) sth.is/was that 的原因是 (2)That/This is because. “这是因为” because 引导的表语从 句表示原因 That/This is why. “这就是的原因” - 8 - why 引导的表语从句 表示结果 The reason why he was late was that he slept too late last night. 他迟到的原因是昨晚睡得太晚了。 The reason that/which he explained

20、at the meeting was that he didnt catch the first bus. 他在会议上解释的理由是他没有赶上第一辆公共汽车。 Sorry，we are late.Thats_because we were held up in the traffic jam. 很抱歉我们迟到了，那是因为我们遇上交通堵塞被耽搁了。 We were late；thats_why we missed the first bus. 我们迟到了。那就是为什么我们错过了第一班车。 名师点津 the reason 后定语从句的引导词用 why 还是用 that/which/for which

21、，取决于其在定语从句中所承担的句子成分。缺少主语、宾语、表语用 that 或 which； 缺少状语用 why 或 for which。 完成句子 1我不喜欢他说话的方式。 I dont like _. 2他给我们介绍的方法真的很有用。 The way _ was really useful. 3在此期间她遭遇了很多不幸的事。 _ many sad things happened to her. 4我常常想起去年夏天我在上海度过的那些日子。 I often think of the days _ in Shanghai last summer. 5汤姆缺席会议的原因是他必须到机场接他的妈妈。

22、_ Tom was absent from the meeting was _ he had to meet his mother at the airport. 【答案】1.the way (that/in which) he speaks. - 9 - 2that/which he introduced to us3.It was a time when4.(which/that) I spent5.The reason why；that Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who ar

23、e weaker than ourselves. 【分析】句中 we should love all human beings and.ourselves 为宾语从句， 该从句为 and 引导的并列句， 在后一个分句中 who are weaker than ourselves 为定语从句，修饰 those. 【翻译】墨子告诫人们要博爱，要帮助弱者。 学业分层测评学业分层测评 .单句语法填空 1They are fighting for the _ of women, because they think they should be treated _.(equal) 2I agree wi

24、th the way _ he solved the problem. 3Our English teacher always _(stress) the importance of reading aloud. 4The doctor ordered that she _ (take)a good rest. 5I didnt believe the reason _ he explained for his being late. 6For many years these two countries were _war, causing much suffering. 7My son h

25、as a good habit of keeping a diary every day；as _ result，he is good at writing. 8Wed been brought _ to think that borrowing money was bad. 9It was a time _ all the children were expected to study hard. 10 People look down upon Tim ， because he treats his sick mother _(bad) 【答案】1.equality；equally2.th

26、at/in which 3stresses4.(should) take5.that/which6.at - 10 - 7a8.up9.when10.badly .单句改错 1About onefifth of the freshmen said that they brought up in small towns. _ 2 The reason that I didnt attend his wedding was that I hadnt received his invitation. _ 3He had to obey the order that he finished the s

27、ecret task ahead of time. _ 4There was a time which I hated to go to school. 【导学号：91390039】 _ 5The way was used to solve the problem was brought up by Tom. _ 【答案】1.brought 前加 were2.第一个 thatwhy3.finishedfinish4.whichwhen5.way 后加 that/which .阅读理解 Confucius was born in todays Qufu in Shandong Province

28、in 551 BC.His family was far from being welltodo.But he was a hardworking pupil even in his childhood.When he was a young man of a little over twenty, he became a small official of the state.Since he was very knowledgeable and serious in work, he had become quite wellknown by the time he turned thir

29、ty.Confucius had been to many of the states of the time, trying to make his political views accepted by the rulers in running their states.But they turned a deaf ear to his views and opinions.As a result, Confucius made up his mind to devote all his energies to education.When people learned about th

30、is, many of them sent their children to him to be educated.They were accepted one and all and so Confucius became the first man in the history of Chinese education to start a private school. Yan Hui, a young man of humble origin, wanted to be accepted as Confuciuss student.But the family was so poor

31、 that they even had difficulty providing themselves with daily necessities.He was afraid he would be rejected as he could not afford the tuition.One day he came to where Confucius was giving lectures and overheard - 11 - Confucius say, “Im ready to accept anyone that can bring 10 pieces of preserved

32、 meat for tuition, whatever his origin.” Greatly heartened by this, Yan Hui hurried back home and told his friends Zi Lu and Zi Gong about it.A few days later, all three became Confuciuss students. Confucius was a dedicated educator, having accepted a total of 3,000 students in his life,72 of whom w

33、ere outstanding scholars.Through educational work, Confucius succeeded in spreading his political views, which eventually became an independent school of thought and had a great impact on China for thousands of years. 1 Confucius had become very famous by the time he turned thirty because _. Ahe had

34、 rich knowledge and took his work seriously Bhe was a hardworking pupil when he was young Cmany people in the government knew him well Dhis political view had been widely accepted 【解析】由第一段第五句可知选 A 项。 【答案】A 2From the last part of the first paragraph, we can learn that _. Anobody hoped to send their c

35、hildren to school then BConfucius was the first person to start education for all in China CConfucius was happy to work in the government DConfucius started his school with the help of the government 【解析】由第一段最后一句可知选 B 项。 【答案】B 3The second paragraph in the passage is used to be an example to suggest

36、_. AYan Huis family was too poor to afford his education Bthe education Confucius provided was for all children - 12 - CConfucius liked to eat preserved meat DYan Hui was a young man with ambition 【解析】由第二段孔子将这几个孩子全都收作了弟子，可知孔子为所有孩子提供教育。 【答案】B 4According to the last paragraph, Confuciuss educational w

37、ork was meaningful in the following aspects EXCEPT _. Aallowing more people to accept education Bspreading his political views successfully Cinfluencing the history of China for thousands of years Dmaking him a more independent person 【解析】最后一段没有提到 D 项，故选 D。 【答案】D .完形填空 I was a late arrival to univer

38、sity.I didnt enroll(入学)until my 74th year，and wasnt to _1_ until last week.At 78，I _2_ a BA(文学士)in history at Birkbeck University of London. I grew up in wartime Britain and my _3_ was completely destroyed by the war.By the time I left _4_，aged 15，I had been to 11 different schools._5_ the war， I wo

39、rked as a black cab driver for 42 years， but always _6_ that I hadnt received an education.So I enrolled at Birkbeck，which is best at evening_7_. I soon realized that _8_ the education I had missed as a child wouldnt be_9_.I didnt understand a word of my first _10_.With the support of my teachers，I

40、began my study.When I had _11_ three weeks into the course，my teacher _12_ told me，“You will get this BA，no matter what.Any problems，you come and see me.”The other students also helped to_13_ me through. It hasnt been an easy journey，but I feel _14_ to have experienced student life.The day when I fo

41、und out Id_15_my degree was full of joy.You can_16_be sure that youre going to make it until youve_17_it through the last exam. The graduation ceremony last week was one of the_18_moments of my life.My wife， my two sons， my classmates and my teachers were all there to_19_the moment - 13 - with me.Wh

42、en I heard my name read out and_20_the stage，I was able to say that I truly had realized a lifetime aim. 【语篇解读】“我”74 岁才上大学，上周刚毕业。78 岁的“我”取得了伦敦大学的历史学学士学位，“我”这一生终于如愿以偿了。 1A.work Bdrive Cgraduate Dstudy 【解析】根据下文内容可知，这里的意思是“我是上周刚毕业的” 。 【答案】C 2A.started Bfinished Ctaught Ddevoted 【解析】74 岁时入学，78 岁“完成” 了伦敦

43、大学的历史学学士学位的学习。finish 表示“完成” 。 【答案】B 3A.education Bhobby Chealth Djob 【解析】本句是第二段的主题句，根据后面的描述可知，“我”在英国的战乱时期成长，战争完全毁了“我”的“学业” 。 【答案】A 4A.home Bwar Ccollege Dschool 【解析】根据后半句 I had been to 11 different schools.可知，这里的意思是“15 岁离开学校时，我上过 11 所不同的学校” 。 【答案】D 5A.After BBefore CDuring DUntil 【解析】根据后面的 I worked

44、as a black cab driver for 42 years 可知，应该是战争结束“后” 。 【答案】A 6A.imagined Bfelt Cfound Dunderstood - 14 - 【解析】根据上文可知，“我”接受过教育，但“我”总“觉得”自己没接受过教育。 【答案】B 7A.dresses Bpapers Cactivities Dclasses 【解析】根据第一段可知 Birkbeck 为伦敦大学的一个学院，“我”在Birkbeck 上夜大。所以只有 D 项符合语境。 【答案】D 8A.looking up Bmaking up Cputting up Dsetting

45、 up 【解析】根据后面的 the education I had missed as a child 可知，这里说的是“弥补那些孩提时错过的课” 。make up 在这里表示“弥补” ；look up 抬头看，查找；put up 举起，建立，张贴；set up 建立，创立，安排。 【答案】B 9A.easy Bhard Ccomfortable Dunhappy 【解析】根据下文的描述可知，这句话的意思应该是“很快我就意识到，要弥补那些孩提时错过的课并不是一件容易的事” 。 【答案】A 10A.homework Bexam Clesson Dexperiment 【解析】上第一节“课”“我”

46、一点都不懂。 【答案】C 11A.doubts Bquarrels Csuccess Dexperience 【解析】根据后面的老师鼓励的话语可知，这里表示“当我有疑惑时” 。 【答案】A 12A.seldom Bagain Calmost Dalways 【解析】根据后面的内容可知，导师总是告诉“我” ，“不管怎样，你都会- 15 - 得到这个文学学士学位的。有什么问题，随时来问我。” 【答案】D 13A.put Bsee Ccarry Dread 【解析】其他学生也在帮助“我”“渡过难关” 。carry sb.through 帮助某人渡过难关，符合语境。put sb.through 接通某

47、人的电话；see sb.through 看穿某人。 【答案】C 14A.happy Bsad Calone Dterrible 【解析】happy 高兴与 but 转折的意思照应也和下文的 full of joy 一致。这是一个艰难的学习之旅，但我“有幸”感受到学生时代的生活。 【答案】A 15A.acted Banswered Cbegan Dpassed 【解析】“我”发现“我”已“通过”学位考试的那一天“我”满心欢喜。 【答案】D 16A.just Boften Cnever Deven 【解析】根据上下文语境可知，直到通过了最后一门考试，你才能确认你真的成功了，做到了。 【答案】C 1

48、7A.done Bmade Cbrought Dtaken 【解析】根据上面的 make it 可得出答案。固定表达 make it 表示“成功，办成，做到” 。 【答案】B 18A.kindest Blongest Clowest Dproudest 【解析】上周的毕业典礼是“我”一生中“最自豪”的时刻之一。 【答案】D - 16 - 19A.manage Bmark Cshare Dnotice 【解析】“我”的妻子，还有两个儿子，同学和导师们和“我”一起“分享”这一时刻。 【答案】C 20A.crossed Blifted Cplaced Dprotected 【解析】此处意为 ： 当“我” 听到读我的名字时，走过舞台的那一刻，“我”要说这一生的愿望终于实现了。 【答案】A