2021-2022学年高中英语导学案：Module 4 Music Born in America-Grammar.pdf

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1、- 1 - GRAMMAR 省略省略 在英语中，为了使语言简洁或避免重复，常省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。 一、简单句中的省略一、简单句中的省略 陈述自己的意见时，常有一个或几个成分被省略。如： (It) Looks like rain. (Youd) Better take an umbrella with you. 在口语或非正式英语中，疑问句、祈使句中也常常会省略一个或几个成分。如： (Is there) Anyone wishing to go to the cinema with me tonight? 回答他人的问题或对别人的话作出回应时，可以省略重复的成分。

2、如： What do you think made Mary so upset? Losing her bicycle (made her upset). 二、并列句中的省略二、并列句中的省略 在由并列连词 and, but, or 等连接的并列句中，后一分句中与前一分句中相同的部分可以省略。如： My room is on the fifth floor, and hers (is) on the eighth (floor). 三、不定式符三、不定式符号号 to 的省略的省略 为避免重复，不定式常省去前面出现的相同部分，而只保留不定式符号 to。但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有 be, ha

3、ve, have been 时，这些词通常要保留。如： The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. Im not an engineer, but I want to be. Hasnt he finished writing the report? No, but he ought to have. 四、复合句中的省略四、复合句中的省略 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语和系动词 be 可以省略。如： Shanghai is one of the largest

4、 cities in the world, if (it is) not the largest. 当状语从句的主语和谓语是 it is / was 时，it is / was 常被省略。如： The teacher tells us to practice speaking English whenever (it is) possible. 在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词 that, which, whom, who 等常可以省略。如： He is the man (who / whom / that) you can depend on. 当先行词为 the way 且表示方式时，

5、定语从句用 that 或 in which 引导，that 或 in which 常被- 2 - 省略。如： The way (that / in which) she did things really impressed us. 引导宾语从句的 that 常被省略。如： We all know (that) light travels much faster than sound. 【即学即练即学即练】 I. 将下面句子中可以省去的部分省去。 1. Unless it is necessary, you should not refer to the dictionary. 2. Read

6、ing makes a full man; conference makes a ready man; writing makes an exact man. 3. Albert once came to see me, but I dont remember when he came to see me. 4. Is your mother a teacher? No, but she used to be a teacher. II. 将划线部分补充完整。 1. When young, Tom studied Russian. 2. What have you been doing? Wa

7、tching TV . 3. Joe wont come. Why? Is he very busy? 4. It seems that Jack has learned the truth. Yes, he seems to have. 5. It is not so hot today as yesterday. 6. Do you think it will rain? I guess so. III. 将下面对话中省略的部分补充完整。 Alex: Have you seen the new girl in school? Ben: No, I havent (1. _). Alex:

8、Shes really pretty. Ben: (2. _) Describe her to me. Alex: Shes not too tall. Ben: Well, how tall (3. _)? Alex: About five feet even. Ben: What does she look like, though? Alex: She has pretty light brown eyes. Ben: I may know the girl (4. _) youre talking about. Alex: So you have seen her around? -

9、3 - Ben: Yes, I have (5. _). IV. 根据汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词，含缩略式） 。 A Jacob: Im going to visit an exhibition in the museum. Eve: 1. _ _ (和谁) ? Jacob: 2. _ _ _ (我的朋友迈克). Eve: Has he arrived already? Jacob: 3. _ _ (还没有). Eve: When will he come? Jacob: 4. _ _ _ _ (大约十分钟后). Will you join us? Eve: 5. _ _ _ (我愿意).

10、 But look at the weather. It looks like a shower. Jacob: Yes, somewhat. Lets take an umbrella. B Julie: 1. _ _ _ (你的工作完成了吗)? Fred: 2. _ (差不多). Julie: Lets go out to take a walk. Fred: 3. _ _ (好主意)! Julie: Look at the flowers beside the road. Some are yellow and 4. _ _ (一些是白色的). Fred: Yes. I think th

11、ey cant grow well 5. _ _ _ _ _ (除非受到很好的照顾). 参考答案参考答案 【即学即练即学即练】 I. 1. Unless necessary, you should not refer to the dictionary. 2. Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man. 3. Albert once came to see me, but I dont remember when. 4. Is your mother a teacher? No, but she

12、 used to be. II. 1. When he was young 2. I have been watching TV - 4 - 3. Why wont he come 4. he seems to have learned the truth 5. as it was yesterday 6. I guess it will rain III. 1. seen the new girl in school 2. You 3. is she 4. that / who / whom 5. seen her around IV. A 1. With whom 2. My friend Mike 3. Not yet 4. In about ten minutes 5. Id love to B 1. Finished your work 2. Almost 3. Good idea 4. some white 5. unless taken good care of