八年级上册(仁爱版英语)重点归纳.doc

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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流八年级上册(仁爱版英语)重点归纳【精品文档】第 25 页八年级上册（仁爱版英语）重点归纳Unit1Topic1重点词语:1.almost(反义词)never2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner3.ski(现在分词)skiing4.famous(比较级)morefamous5.arrive(同义词)reach6.leave(过去式)left7.popular(最高级)mostpopular8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health(1)词组1.duringthesummerholidays在暑假期间2.betweenand在两者之间3

2、.cheersb.on为某人加油4.preferdoingsth.更喜欢做某事6.plantodosth.计划做某事8.goskating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足12.leavefor动身去13.thedayaftertomorrow后天16.playbaseball打棒球17.atleast至少18.begoodat善于做某事19.takepartin参加20.allovertheworld全世界21.begoodfor对有益22.agoodway一种好方法23.keepfit,keephealthy保持健康24.rel

3、axoneself放松某人自己重点句型25.Whatsyourfavoritesport?=Whatsportdoyoulikebest?你最喜爱的运动是什么?26.Whichsportdoyouprefer?=Whichsportdoyoulikebetter?你更喜欢什么运动?Ipreferskating.=Ilikeskatingbetter.我更喜欢滑雪.27.Doyouskatemuch?=Doyouoftenskate?你常滑雪吗?28.Shespendsatleasthalfanhourinthegymeveryday.每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.29.Sheplaysbaseb

4、allprettywellandsheisalsogoodatjumping.她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.30.Whatkindofsportsdoyoulike?=Whichsportdoyoulike?你喜欢哪种运动?重点语言点31.seesb.dosth“看见某人做了某事”强调动作的全过程,常与everyday;often等连用.seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”强调动作正在进行.如:Isawyouplaybasketballalmosteverydayduringthesummerholidays.Ioftenseehimdrawpicturesneartheriv

5、er.我常看见她在河边画画.Isawhergoacrossthestreet.我看见她过了马路Isawhergoingacrossthestreet.我看见她正在过马路.类似的有watch,hear,feel等这类感观动词.32.joinsb.表示“加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起”join+组织表示“加入某个组织”takepartin表示“参加/出席某个活动”如:Willyoujoinus?Iwilljointheskiingclub.Sheisplanningtotakepartinthehighjump.33.arrivein+大地点arriveat+小地点getto+地点=reach+地

6、点如:MyunclearrivedinBeijingyesterday.IarrivedattheGreatWall.=IgottotheGreatWall.=IreachedtheGreatWall.注意:reachhere/there/home=gethere/there/home=arrivehere/there/home(因为here,there,home是副词所以不用加介词)34.leave离开leavefor动身去/离开到如:TheyareleavingBeijingtomorrow.明天他们要离开北京.TheyareleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorr

7、ow.后天他们要前往日本.35.afew“几个;一些”修饰可数名36.alittle“一点点”修饰不数名词如:Thereareafeweggsinthebasket.Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.37.howlong表示“多久(时间)”;提问时间段.howoften表示“多常;多久一次”;提问时间的频率.如:TheywillstayinBeijingforaweek.HowlongwilltheystayinBeijing?Heplaysbasketballtwiceaweek.Howoftendoesheplaybasketball?7.begoodat(do

8、ing)sth.=dowellin(doing)sth.擅长于(做)某事如:Sheisgoodat(playing)baseball.=Shedoeswellin(playing)baseball.8.makesth/sb+adj.使某物(某人)在某种状态keepsth/sb+adj.保持某物(某人)在某种状态如:Playingsoccercanmakeyourbodystrong.Swimmingcanhelptokeepyourheartandlungshealthy.重点语法一般将来时：（一）begoingto结构:表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做

9、好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用begoingto表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。如：ImgoingtoplaybasketballwithmyclassmatesthisSunday.我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。Sheisgoingtobuyasweaterforhermother.她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。如：Lookatthoseclouds.Itsgoingtorain.瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！（二）will+动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow,soon,later,nexttime(week/mont

10、h/year)等连用。willnot=wont;缩略形式为ll.表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。如：a.-Pleaseputyourthingsaway,Tom.汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。-Imsorry.Illdoitrightaway.对不起。我马上就去做。b.-Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea?您要咖啡还是茶？-Iwillhaveacupoftea,please.我要一杯茶。c.Dontworry.Illhelpyou.别担心。我会帮你的。表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。如：Imsureourteamwillwinnext

11、time.我确信下次我们队会赢。Maybeshewillgotothegym.也许她会去体育馆。表示许诺。如：Illdobetternexttime.下次我会做得更好的。Illvisityoutomorrow.明天我会去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/Theywillgotoplaybaseballsoon.否定句：I/She/He/Theywontgotoplaybaseballsoon.一般疑问句：Willyou/she/he/theygotoplaybaseballsoon?回答：Yes,I/she/he/theywill.No,I/she/he/theywont.（三）动词pl

12、an,come,go,leave,fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.如：Imcoming.我就来。HeisleavingforShanghai.他将到上海去。WearegoingtoBeijing.我们将去北京。Topic2一、重点词语:词形转换：(1)adj.+lyadv.loudloudlysoftsoftlyquietquietlyclearclearlyangryangrilyeasyeasily(2)过去式：fallfellbreakbrokeloselostthrowthrewfeelfelt(3)1.ill(同义词)sick(名词)illness2.start(同义词)beg

13、in3.far(反义词)near4.smoke(现在分词)smoking5.careless(反义词)careful6.important(比较级)moreimportant7.Russia(公民)Russian8.enjoy(现在分词)enjoying9.invent(名词)invention;inventor10.indoor(反义词)outdoor11.century(复数)centuries12.coach(复数)coaches13.feel(名词)feeling14.tiring(近义词)tired(二)词组:haveasoccergame进行一场足球赛fallill病倒了right

14、away=atonce立刻;马上missagoodchance错过一个好机会shameonsb.为某人感到羞耻doonesbest尽某人的力besuretodosth.确定做某事beangrywithsb生某人的气withoneshelp在某人的帮助下turnon打开turnoff关闭IturnedontheTV/light.我打开电视/灯。turnup/down调高/低（音量）keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事inaminute一分钟后；马上takeaseat就坐enjoydoingsth.喜爱/欢做某事aswell也Heisastudentaswell.=Heisalsoas

15、tudent.=Heisastudent,toothrowinto把投进follow/obeytherules遵守规则moreandmorepeople越来越多的人feeltired感到疲劳insteadof替代asksb.todosth.叫某人做某事makeaplanforsb.为某人订一份计划buildup增进;增强二.重点句型Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?=Couldyouhelpme?=Couldyougivemeahand?你能帮我吗？Wouldyoumindteachingme?=Wouldyoupleaseteachme?你教我好吗？Youarealwayss

16、ocareless.你总是这样粗心大意.Letmebuyyouanewone.=Letmebuyanewoneforyou.让我为你买一个新的。Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayiteveninbadweather.他为他的学生们发明了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。Andyoucanthrowitwithonehandorbothhands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。三.重点语言点ill与sick都表示“生病的”,只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.如:Themanisill/sick.那个男人病了.(作

17、表语)Heisasickman.他是个病人.(作定语)minddoing介意干什么事。Wouldyoumind(not)doingsth?表示“(不)做某事介意/好吗?”如:Wouldyoumindcomingandcheckingit?来修理它好吗?Wouldyoumindnotsmokinghere?不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗?3.oneof+名词复数表示“其中之一”,主语是one,表单数.如:Oneofmyteammatesisstrongandtall.其中我的一个队友又高又壮。4.miss“错过,思念,遗失”如:Imissedthelastbusyesterday.昨天我错过最后一班车

18、.Hemissedhismother.他想念他的母亲.MyGod!Imissed(=lost)mykey.天啊!我把钥匙弄丢了.5.besuretodosth.=besurethat+句子“确定做某事”如:Wearesuretowinnexttime.=Wearesurethatwewillwinnexttime.我们确信下次一定会赢。besorryfor“为某事抱歉”besorrytodosth.=besorry(that)+句子“很抱歉做了某事”如:IamverysorryforwhatIsaid.我为我所说的话感到抱歉.ImsorryIlostyourbook.=Imsorrytolos

19、eyourbook.很抱歉弄丢你的书。7tiredadj.“（感到）疲惫的”,主语是人如:Ifeeltiredtoday.今天我感到累了.tiringadj.“令人疲劳的”,主语是事物如:Thisjobistiring.这份工作令人疲惫.类似的有:excited感到兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的interested感到有趣的interesting有趣的8.15-year-old“15岁的”15yearsold“15岁”如:Heisa15-year-oldboy.=Theboyis15yearsold.类似用法:2.5-mile/2.5miles9.instead“替代;相反”,一般单独使用,

20、放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.insteadof“替代;而不,相反”如:IwontgotoShanghai.IllgotoBeijing,instead.我不会去上海而会去北京.=IllgotoBeijinginsteadofShanghai.Idrankalotofmilkinsteadofwater.我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.havefundoingsth.=enjoydoingsth.表示“从做.中获得乐趣”如:Ihavegreatfunrunning.=Ienjoyrunning.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。Topic3一、重点词组:jointheEnglishclub加入英语俱乐部host

21、the2008Olympics举办2008年奥运会fillout填出/好goondoingsth继续做。makefriendswith与交朋友beafraidof害怕。befree有空,免费winthefirstgoldmedal赢得第一枚金牌everyfouryears每四年;每隔三年behavewell举止得体improvetheenvironment改善环境planttreesandgrass种植花草树木asymbolof一种的象征standfor代表domorningexercises做早操befondof(doing)sth.喜欢(做)某事二、重点句型1.Couldyoutellme

22、yourname?你能告诉我你的名字吗=Whatsyourname?2.Whatdoyoudo?=Whatsyourjob?=Whatareyou?你是干什么的?3.Moreandmoreforeignfriendsrideinmytaxi(=takemytaxi)now.现在越来越多的外国朋友搭我的出租车.4.SpeakingEnglishwillhelpmealot.说英语将对我有很大帮助.5.Pleasefillitout.请把它填好.6.Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisweekend?=Howwilltheweatherbethisweekend?本周末的天气怎

23、样?7.TherewillbemoreroadsinBeijing.在北京将会有更多的马路.三.重点语言点fillout+名词“填好”fill+名词/代词+out如:Pleasefilloutthisform.=Pleasefillthisformout.请填好这张表格.Pleasefillit/themout.(当宾语是代词时,只能放中间)请把它(们)填好.beafraid“恐怕”指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人.beafraidof“害怕(做)”如:ImafraidIwontbefree.我恐怕没有空.Heisafraidofdogs.他害怕狗.Theyareafraidoflosingtheg

24、ame.他们害怕输了比赛.maybe“可能是”may是情态动词+bemaybe“或许;可能”maybe是副词如:Hemaybeateacher.=Maybeheisateacher.他可能是一名老师.Hemayknowhername.=Maybeheknowshername.他可能知道她的名字.between在两者之间among在三者或三者当中如:TheanswerisbetweenAandB.答案在A和B之间.Thewinnerisamongofus.获胜者在我们当中.5.Therebe句型的一般将来时正:Therewillbeasportsmeetinginourschoolthiswee

25、kend.=Thereisgoingtobeasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.误:Therewillhaveasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.=Thereisgoingtohaveasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.Unit2Topic1重点词组:hospital医院havea(bad/terrible)cold患（重）感冒haveacough/fever患咳嗽/发高烧havetheflu得了流感haveatoothache/backache/headache/stomacha

26、che牙痛/背痛/头痛/胃痛身体某个部位+ache，表身体某处疼痛。如:head头headache头痛back背backache背痛stomach胃stomachache胃痛tooth牙toothache牙痛seeadentist/doctor看牙医/医生take/havea(good)rest（好好）休息rest休息sleepwell睡得好（这里sleep做动词，well是副词，修饰动词sleep）haveagoodsleep好好睡一觉（这里sleep做名词）drinkalotofwater多喝水stayinbed呆在床上feelterrible感到难受takesb.to带某人去Itookm

27、ysontothehospital.takesomemedicine/pills吃药dayandnight日日夜夜（副词）brushonesteeth刷牙haveanaccident出了事故/意外sendsb.to.送某人去notuntil直到才.getwell恢复健康（well做形容词，这里get变得get后面用形容词）plentyof充足;大量Thereareplentyofapplesonthedesk.takeoffyourcoat脱掉你的大衣二、重点句型Youshouldseeadentist.你应该看牙医。Youshouldntliftheavythings.你不应该提重物。You

28、lookpale.你看起来气色不好,很苍白.Youdbettergotoseeadoctor.你最好去看医生.Youdbetternotgotoschooltoday.今天你最好不要去上学.Thankyouforyourflowersandfruit.谢谢你送来的鲜花和水果.Icouldntreadthemuntiltoday.直到今天我才读了他们.三.重点语言点medicine“药”为不可数名词pill“药片”为可数名词如:takesomemedicine吃些药takesomecoldpills吃些感冒药with“含有”without“没有”hotteawithhoney加蜜的茶coffee

29、withsugarandmilk加糖和牛奶mooncakewitheggs含鸡蛋的月饼Chineseteawithnothing=Chineseteawithoutanything中国清茶Gotoschoolwithout(eating)breakfast.没吃早饭去上学。until“直到为止”;句中动词一般为延续性动词notuntil.“直到才”;句中动词一般为短暂性动词如:Hewillwaitforhisfatheruntiltenoclock.他将等他父亲一直到10点为止.Hewontleaveuntilhisfathercomes.直到他父亲来他才离开.bothand.“和(两者)都”

30、;当主语时,谓语动词用复数.如:IknowbothJimandTom.吉姆和汤姆俩人我都认识.BothJimandIare16yearsold.我和吉姆都是16岁.plentyof“充足;大量”既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词,只用于肯定句,相当于alotof/lotsofmany“许多”,修饰可数名词much“许多”,修饰不可数名词如:Youshoulddrinkplentyof/alotofboiledwater.你应该喝大量的开水.Youshouldntdrinksomuchwater.你不应该喝这么多水.Ihavemany/lotsof/alotof/plentyofbooks.我有

31、许多水.四、交际用语(一)询问病情Whatswrong/thematter/thetroublewithyou?有什么不舒服?Howareyoufeelingnow?你现在感觉怎么样?Doyouhaveacold?你得了感冒了吗?(二)诉说病情1.Ifeelterrible./Iamfeelingterrible.我感到难受.2.Ihaveaheadache/stomachache/.我头痛/肚子痛.3.Icantsleepwellatnight.我晚上睡不4.好觉.5.Icoughdayandnight.我日日夜夜地咳嗽.6.ButmyleftleghurtswhenImoveit.但是当我

32、移动时,我的左腿疼.(3)表示同(4)情1.Imsorrytohearthat.听到这事我感到难过.2.Thatstoobad.那太糟了.3.Badluck.倒霉.(5)表达建议1.Youdbetter(not)dosth最好(不)做某事.Youd这里d是had的缩写2.Youshould/shouldntdosth你(不)应该做某事.Topic2一、重点词组:looktired看起来很累watchasoccergameonTV在电视上观看一场足球赛（记住，介词短语放后面）stayup熬夜washhandsbeforemeals饭前洗手playsportsrightaftermeals饭后适当

33、运动keepyouactive使你保持精力旺盛inthedaytime在白天throwlitterabout乱扔垃圾litter垃圾getenoughsleep得到足够的睡眠needtodosth需要做某事getinto进入getintotrouble陷入困境becomesick生病eatbadfood吃变质食物asweknow众所周知indifferentways用不同的方法makeussick使我们生病（记住makesbadj、makesb.do）二、重点句型Stayinguplateisbadforyourhealth.熬夜有害你的健康.(动名词短语做主语)stay加ing变成动名词2.

34、HowdidWangJungetaheadache?王俊怎样患上头痛的？Isgoingtobedearlygoodorbadforyourhealth?Itsgood.早点睡觉对你的健康有益还是有害?有益.(选择问句要根据事实回答)Walkingisgoodexerciseanditisnecessaryforgoodhealth.散步是很好的锻炼,是身体健康必不可少.Itwillkeepyouactiveinthedaytime.它(早睡早起)将使你在白天保持旺盛的精力.Dontthrowlitterabout.不要乱扔垃圾.Wemayhavemorethanoneheadacheeachm

35、onth.每月我们可能会不止一次头疼.Youmaygetaheadachewhenyoucantgetenoughsleep.当你睡眠不足时,可能会头疼.Whatdoesitmeanwhenyouhaveaheadache?头痛对你来说意味着什么?Theboybecomessick.那个男孩生病了.Asweknow,foodgivesusenery.众所周知,食物给我们提供能量.Ifweeattoolittleortoomuchfood,orifwechoosethewrongfood,itcanmakeussick.如果我们吃得太少或太多,或者食物的选择不当会生病的.三.重点语言点1.beg

36、oodfor对有益bebadfor对有害如:Swimmingisgoodforhealth.游泳对健康有益.Readinginstrongsunlightisbadfortheeyes.在强烈的阳光下看书对眼睛有害.disease通常指具体的病,表“特定的疾病、病名”illness通常指生病的状态或表抽象的疾病如：Germscancausediseases.细菌会引发疾病。SARSisaseriousdisease.非典是一种严重的疾病。Dontworryabouthisillness.别担心他的病。exercise表“锻炼/运动”时,为不可数名词;表“练习”或有定语修饰时,为可数名词.如:H

37、eoftentakes/doesexerciseinthemorning.他经常上午锻炼.（这句的exercise是不可数名词）Pleasedotheexercisesatonce.请马上做这些练习.Hedoesmorningexerciseseveryday.他每天做早操（这句的exercise用了复数，因为前面有morning做定语修饰，是可数名词）enoughadj.“足够的”修饰名词时,既可放在名词之前,也可放在名词之后.(但通常放在名词之前)如:Ihaveenoughtime/timeenoughtofinishthiswork.我有足够的时间完成这项工作.Thereisenough

38、foodinthefridge.冰箱里有足够的食物.adv.“足够地”修饰形容词或副词时,均放在所修饰词的后面.如:Heistallenoughtoreachtheapple.他足够高,能够得着苹果.Hespeaksclearlyenough.他讲得足够清楚.need“需要,必需”1作实义动词:needsth.需要某物needtodosth.需要做某事如:Ineedsomehelp.我需要一些帮助.Youneedtoseeadoctor.你需要去看医生.Heneedstotakeabus.他需要去搭车.2作情态动词:need+动词原形如:Ifshewantsanything,sheonlyne

39、edask.她想要什么东西,只要开口就行了.Youneedntfinishthisworktoday.你不必今天完成这项工作.6toomuch+不可数名词表“太多的。”toomany+可数名词复数表“太多的。muchtoo+形容词表“太。”，much起加强语气作用如：Donteattoomuchmeat.不要吃太多的肉。Heismuchtoofat.他实在太胖了。四.重点语法情态动词:must“必须,一定”如:Wemuststudyhard.我们必须努力学习.mustnt“不可以”如:Youmustntwalkonthelawn.你不可以在草坪上行走.should“应该”如:Weshouldf

40、inishitontime.我们应该按时完成它.shouldnt“不该”如:Youshouldntgotoschoollate.你不该上学迟到.hadbetter“最好”如：Youhadbettergotobedearly.你最好早睡。hadbetternot“最好不”如：Youhadbetternotgotobedlate.（late晚，是副词）你最好不要迟睡。may“可以”如:MayIcomein?我可以进来吗?“可能”如:Youmaygetaheadachewhenyouworktoohard.当你工作太努力时,你可能会头疼.Topic3一、重点词组:talkwithsb与某人交谈tal

41、kaboutsth谈论某事about关于。talkwithsbaboutsth.与某人谈论某事hurryup赶紧/spreadeasily易传播beafraidof害怕catchSARS患上非典doonesbesttodosth尽力做某事（ones其实就是形容词形物主代词，如my，his，her这些tryonesbesttodosth尽力做某事keepawayfromanimals远离动物dohousecleaning打扫屋子gotocrowdedplaces去拥挤的地方allthetime=always总是/一直examinethepatients检查病人（patient病人）takeame

42、ssage捎口信takecareof照顾=lookafter/careforleaveamessage留口信takeanactivepartin积极参加takepartin参加。onthephone/Internet在电话中/在互联网上enjoyoneself过得愉快tellsb.astory/stories给某人讲故事takesomeChinesemedicine吃些中药helpsb(to)dosth=helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事如:Ihelpedmymothercookathome.=Ihelpedmymotherwiththecookathome.我在家帮我母亲做饭.二、

43、重点句型WedonthavetobeafraidofcatchingSARS.我们没必要害怕患上非典。Pleasetellmyfathertotakecareofhimself.请告诉我的父亲照顾好他自己。Couldyoupleaseaskhertocallmeback?请叫她给我回电话好吗？HetookanactivepartinthebattleagainstSARS.他积极参加抗击非典的战斗。Hecaredforthepatientsdayandnight.他日日夜夜照顾病人。Itsmydutytosavethepatients.挽救病人是我的职责。WhatdoyouthinkofKan

44、gkangsfather?你认为康康的父亲怎么样？Longtimenosee!好久不见！Youcouldcookforusnexttime.下次你能为我们煮东西了。三、重点语言点talkwithsb.表“与交流”,指“与人平等地交流、讨论”talktosb.表示“找某人谈话”,在口语中常“责备某人”如:Jimsfatheristalkingwiththeteacher.吉姆的父亲正在和老师交谈.Iwilltalktohimabouthiscareless.我要找他谈话,批评他的粗心大意.常用的反身代词词组:takecareofoneself=lookafteroneself照顾某人自己teac

45、honeself=learnbyoneself自学enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得高兴四、重点语法(一)情态动词:must与havetomust必须;一定”,表示有做某一动作的必要或义务,侧重表达说话者的主观看法.（只有一种时态）如：Wemustwashhandsbeforemeals.饭前我们必须洗手.Wemusteathealthyfood.我们必须吃健康的食物.haveto“不得不,必须”,侧重表示因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而不得不做某事（可用于各种时态）如：Itstoolate.Ihavetogonow.太迟了.现在我得走了.Ihadtoborrowsomemo

46、neyatthattime.那时我不得不借了一些钱.*-Mustwekeepthewindowsopenallthetime?-No,wedonthaveto./No,weneednt.(注意回答时不能用No,wemustnt.)(二)电话用语:Hello!Could/MayIspeakto,please?你好!我能跟通话吗?MayItakeamessage?我能捎个口信吗?ThisisKangkang.我是康康.Hello!Whosthat?你好!你是谁?ReviewofUnits1-2breakthewindow打破窗户（玻璃）getlostbelost迷路ononesway(to)在.的路上Iamonmywaytoschool.我在去学校的路上。Iamonmywayhome.我在回家的路上。（因为home在这是副词，所以不用to，而school是名词。所以要用to像我们说g