四六级汉译英翻译新题型预测特训.doc

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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流四六级汉译英翻译新题型预测特训【精品文档】第 10 页1、风水（Feng shui）是中国建筑中的一个特殊传统，是古人对空间的布置和安排方法，其目的是为了实现建筑与环境的和谐共存。风水的字面意思就是“风和水”。在古代，风水通常将从选址、设计、建筑直到内部和外部装修的整个过程联系在一起。它将天、地、人三者融合为一体，并且在所选的地址、方位、自然法则以及人类命运之间寻求和谐。它反对人对自然的破坏，而是强调人与环境的共处，这种状态被认为是完美、神秘的。 风水（Feng shui）是中国建筑中的一个特殊传统，是古人对空间的布置和安排方法，其目的是为了实现建筑与环

2、境的和谐共存。 Feng shui, a special Chinese tradition in architecture, is the ancient Chinese practice of placement and arrangement of space to achieve coexistence in harmony with the environment. 风水的字面意思就是“风和水”。 Feng shui literally translates as “wind-water”. 在古代，风水通常将从选址、设计、建筑直到内部和外部装修的整个过程联系在一起。 Feng sh

3、ui usually links the whole process from site selection, designing, construction and interior and exterior decorations in ancient times. 它将天、地、人三者融合为一体，并且在所选的地址、方位、自然法则以及人类命运之间寻求和谐。 It combines the trinity of the Heaven, the Earth and humans, and seeks harmony between selected site, orientation, natu

4、ral doctrine and human fate. 它反对人对自然的破坏，而是强调人与环境的共处，这种状态被认为是完美、神秘的。 It repulses human destruction of nature and stresses cohabitation with the environment, which is regarded as perfect and occult. 2、剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化

5、家居环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。 剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。 Paper cutting is one of Chinas most popular traditional folk arts. 中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。 Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than

6、1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. 人们常用剪纸美化家居环境。 People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. 特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。 During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windo

7、ws and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere. 剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。 The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity. 中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。 Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and is often given as a present to foreign

8、 friends.3、中国结（The Chinese Knot）是一种古老的艺术形式。人们发现，结绳可以追溯到10万年前。中国人不仅用结绳来固定、包裹、狩猎、捕鱼，还用来记录事件，而且有些绳结纯粹起装饰作用。中国结具有文化内涵（cultural connotation）。由于结在汉语中的发音与“吉”相近，吉的意思为“福、禄、寿、喜、财、安、康”，这是中国人永恒的追求，因此有些中国结表达出人们的各种愿望。例如，新婚夫妇的房间通常用一个盘长结（Pan-chang Knot）来装饰，象征着永恒的爱情。 中国结（The Chinese Knot）是一种古老的艺术形式。人们发现，结绳可以追溯到10万年前

9、。 The Chinese Knot is an ancient art form and the artifacts could be found as far back as 100,000 years ago. 中国人不仅用结绳来固定、包裹、狩猎、捕鱼，还用来记录事件，而且有些绳结纯粹起装饰作用。 Chinese people used knots for more than just fastening, wrapping, hunting , fishing. Knots were also used to record events, and some knots had pure

10、ly ornamental functions. 中国结具有文化内涵（cultural connotation）。 The Chinese knot has cultural connotations. 由于结在汉语中的发音与“吉”相近，吉的意思为“福、禄、寿、喜、财、安、康”，这是中国人永恒的追求，因此有些中国结表达出人们的各种愿望。 Since knot is pronounced as “jie” in Chinese similar with that of “ji”, which means blessing, good salary, longevity, happiness, f

11、ortune, safety and health and is the everlasting pursuit of Chinese people, some Chinese Knots express peoples various hopes. 例如，新婚夫妇的房间通常用一个盘长结（Pan-chang Knot）来装饰，象征着永恒的爱情。 For example, the room of the newlyweds is usually decorated with a Pan-Chang Knot to symbolize eternal love.4、中国是风筝的故乡。/放风筝有益于

12、身体健康，所以，许多国家十分流行放风筝。/中国人不仅把放风筝当作有趣的和有益于身体健康的体育活动, /也常常把风筝作为装饰挂在墙上。/目前，中国的风筝已经远销到日本以及东南亚和欧美等许多国家，受到世界各国人民的欢迎。/近年来，山东潍坊每年都要举行国际风筝节。l 中国是风筝的故乡。l China is the birthplace of kites. l 放风筝有益于身体健康，所以，许多国家十分流行放风筝。l Because flying kites is beneficial to ones heath, it is gaining popularity in many countries.

13、l 中国人不仅把放风筝当作有趣的和有益于身体健康的体育活动，也常常把风筝作为装饰挂在墙上。l The Chinese regarded it as an interesting game as well as a sport helping keep fit. Some people also hang kites on the wall for decoration. l 目前，中国的风筝已经远销到日本以及东南亚和欧美等许多国家，受到世界各国人民的欢迎。l Chinese kites, which are popular among people all over the world, ar

14、e now available for sale in Japan, Southeast Asia and many countries in Europe and America. l 近年来，山东潍坊每年都要举行国际风筝节。l In recent years, the annual International Kite Festival has been held in Weifang of Shandong Province. 5、农历的五月初五是中国民间传统的端午节，也叫“五月节”。在这一天，人们要吃粽子、赛龙舟。据说，这是为了纪念（commemorate）中国古代伟大的爱国诗人屈原。

15、屈原是战国时期（公元前475-221）楚国人。他主张楚国应该进行改革。后来，他听到楚国被齐国打败的消息，非常悲痛，就跳进汨罗江自杀了。人们为了不让鱼虾吃掉屈原的尸体（corpse），百姓就把食物扔进江中喂他们。自那以后，每年农历五月初五人们就会这样做。于是，就形成了端午节吃粽子、赛龙舟的习俗。l 农历的五月初五是中国民间传统的端午节，也叫“五月节”。l The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is a traditional Chinese folk festival the Dragon Boat Festival, which is also call

16、ed the “Festival of the Fifth Month”.l 在这一天，人们要吃粽子、赛龙舟。l On that day, people eat zongzi and hold dragon boat races.l 据说，这是为了纪念（commemorate）中国古代伟大的爱国诗人屈原。l It is said that these activities are to commemorate the great patriotic poet Qu Yuan in ancient China.l 屈原是战国时期（公元前475-221）楚国人。l Qu Yuan lived in

17、 the State of Chu in Warring States Period (475-221BC).l 他主张楚国应该进行改革。l He maintained that Chus policies should be reformed.l 后来，他听到楚国被齐国打败的消息，非常悲痛，就跳进汨罗江自杀了。l Later, when he heard the news that Qin had defeated the State of Chu, he was very grieved, and he drowned himself in the Miluo River.l 人们为了不让

18、鱼虾吃掉屈原的尸体（corpse），百姓就把食物扔进江中喂他们。l In order not to let the fish and shrimps eat the corpse, people threw food into the river to feed them.l 自那以后，每年农历五月初五人们就会这样做。l Thereafter, on each fifth day of the fifth lunar month, people would throw food into the river.l 于是，就形成了端午节吃粽子、赛龙舟的习俗。l Thus the custom of

19、 eating zongzi and staging dragon boat race was formed.6、中国各地的古典园林，风景优美，建筑奇特，是中外游人向往的浏览胜地。中国古典园林的最大特点是讲究自然天成。古代的园林设计家在建园时，巧妙地把大自然的美景融合在人造的园林中，使人能从中欣赏到大自然的奇峰、异石、流水、湖面、名花、芳草，感觉就像在画中游览。中国古典园林的另一个特点，是巧妙地将绘画艺术和园林融为一体。n 中国各地的古典园林，风景优美，建筑奇特，是中外游人向往的浏览胜地。n Classical gardens throughout China, with their beau

20、tiful scenery and unique structures, attract many tourists.n 中国古典园林的最大特点是讲究自然天成。n The most prominent feature of classical gardens is the emphasis on the harmony between nature and human.n 古代的园林设计家在建园时，巧妙地把大自然的美景融合在人造的园林中，使人能从中欣赏到大自然的奇峰、异石、流水、湖面、名花、芳草，感觉就像在画中游览。n Ancient garden architects successfull

21、y integrated man-made scenes into the natural landscape, creating the impression of traveling in a picture of grotesque peaks, exotic rocks, flowing currents, tranquil lakes, fragrant flowers and rare plants.n 中国古典园林的另一个特点，是巧妙地将绘画艺术和园林融为一体。n Another feature of classical Chinese gardens is that decor

22、ative art is ingeniously merged with the garden scenery. 7、汉语是中国汉民族使用的语言，汉语历史悠久，在3000多年前就有了相当成熟的文字。汉语有超过12亿的使用者，是使用人数最多的语言之一，除了中国，新加坡、马来西亚等国也有相当一部分人使用汉语，分布在世界各地的几千万华侨、华裔，也已汉语的各种方言为自己的母语。汉语是中国人使用的主要语言，也是联合国的工作语言。 汉语是中国汉民族使用的语言，汉语历史悠久，在3000多年前就有了相当成熟的文字。 Used by the Han people in China, the Chinese la

23、nguage has a long history, having established a fairly mature written language more than 3,000 years ago. 除了中国，新加坡、马来西亚等国也有相当一部分人使用汉语，分布在世界各地的几千万华侨、华裔，也已汉语的各种方言为自己的母语。 In addition to China, some people in Singapore and Malaysia also use Chinese, anda millions of overseas Chinese and foreign citizens

24、 of Chinese origin distributed around the world use various Chinese dialects as native language. 汉语有超过12亿的使用者，是使用人数最多的语言之一 The Chinese language has more than 1.2 billion users and can be regarded as the one spoken by the greatest number of persons. 8、儒家思想是中国传统文化的基石。它出现在大约2500年前的春秋时期（the Spring and A

25、utumn Period）,是建立在夏、商周朝的传统文化之上，并由孔子创立完整的观念体系（ideological system）。儒家思想博大精深，涵盖了人性、政治、法律、教育、哲学、道德各个领域。儒家文化以人本哲学（humanistic philosophy） 为依托，表现出对人类个体的尊重、关注和热爱。总而言之，儒家文化是世界文化遗产的重要组成部分，是东方文化的代表，也是中国文化传统中的中流砥柱。n 儒家思想是中国传统文化的基石。 n Confucianism is the cornerstone of traditional Chinese culture. n 它出现在大约2500年前

26、的春秋时期（the Spring and Autumn Period）,是建立在夏、商周朝的传统文化之上，并由孔子创立完整的观念体系（ideological system）。 n Founded about 2,500 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucianism is a complete ideological system by Confucius, based on the traditional culture of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou Dynasties. n 儒家思想博大精深，涵盖了人

27、性、政治、法律、教育、哲学、道德各个领域。 n It is extensive and profound, covering the fields of humanity, politics, law, education, philosophy and ethics. n 儒家文化以人本哲学（humanistic philosophy） 为依托，表现出对人类个体的尊重、关注和热爱。 n Confucian culture rests on humanistic philosophy, which is shown in its respect, attention to and love o

28、f human individuals. n 总而言之，儒家文化是世界文化遗产的重要组成部分，是东方文化的代表，也是中国文化传统中的中流砥柱。 n In brief, Confucian culture is an important component of world cultural heritage, a major representative of oriental culture, and the dominant facet of Chinese cultural tradition. 9、中国人喜欢喝茶，也常常用茶来招待朋友和客人。茶叶是中国人生活中的必需品。茶树原产于中国。

29、中国古人发现茶树后，起初是把茶叶作为药用，后来才当作饮料。花茶（scented tea）是中国特有的一个茶类，是在茶叶中加入香花熏制而成的。最有名的花茶是福建产的茉莉花茶（jasmine）。喝茶不但可以解渴，还能消除疲劳，帮助消化，预防一些疾病。长期饮茶，对人的身体很有益处。n 中国人喜欢喝茶，也常常用茶来招待朋友和客人。n The Chinese people like to drink tea, and often entertain friends and guests with it. n 茶叶是中国人生活中的必需品。n The tealeaf is a necessity in th

30、e life of the Chinese people. n 茶树原产于中国。n China is the homeland of tea. n 中国古人发现茶树后，起初是把茶叶作为药用，后来才当作饮料。n The ancient Chinese first used it for medicinal purpose before developing tea as a drink.n 花茶（scented tea）是中国特有的一个茶类，是在茶叶中加入香花熏制而成的。n Scented tea is peculiar to China, which is made by smoking te

31、a leaves with fragrant flowers.n 最有名的花茶是福建产的茉莉花茶（jasmine）。n The most famous one is jasmine tea produced in Fujian Province. n 喝茶不但可以解渴，还能消除疲劳，帮助消化，预防一些疾病。n Drinking tea can quench ones thirst, dispel fatigue, help digestion and prevent some diseases.n 长期饮茶，对人的身体很有益处。n The constant drinking of tea is

32、 quite beneficial for peoples health.10、舞龙（Dragon dance）是中国文化中一种传统的舞蹈与表演形式。它起源于汉朝并且由信仰并尊重龙的中国人所开创。人们认为舞龙一开始是农耕文化的组成部分，起初也是治病和防病的一种方法。舞龙在宋朝就已经成为一项流行的活动。舞龙是中国文化和传统的重要组成部分，已经遍及了中国乃至世界，已经成为中国体育活动中一种特殊的艺术表演，象征着来年为世界上的所有人带来好运与兴旺。n 舞龙（Dragon dance）是中国文化中一种传统的舞蹈与表演形式。 n Dragon dance is a form of traditional

33、 dance and performance in Chinese culture.n 它起源于汉朝并且由信仰并尊重龙的中国人所开创。 n It originated during the Han Dynasty and was started by the Chinese who had shown great belief and respect towards the dragon. n 人们认为舞龙一开始是农耕文化的组成部分，起初也是治病和防病的一种方法。 n It is believed to have begun as part of the farming and harvest

34、 culture, also with origins as a method of healing and preventing sickness. n 舞龙在宋朝就已经成为一项流行的活动。 n The dragon dance was already a popular event during the Song Dynasty.n 舞龙是中国文化和传统的重要组成部分，已经遍及了中国乃至世界，已经成为中国体育活动中一种特殊的艺术表演，象征着来年为世界上的所有人带来好运与兴旺。n Dragon dance is an important part of the Chinese culture

35、 and tradition. It has spread throughout China and to the whole world and become a special performance of arts in the Chinese physical activities. It symbolizes good luck and prosperity in the year to come for all the human beings on earth. 11、筷子是中国餐具中的一绝，至今已有数千年的历史。n Chopsticks, with a history of t

36、housands of years, are a wonder of Chinese dining utensils.n 筷子是日常生活中最常用到的一种进餐用具。n Chopsticks are the dining utensils most frequently used in Chinese peoples daily life. n 中国人什么时候开始使用筷子开始进餐的，已经无从查起。n When the Chinese people began to use chopsticks as an eating instrument is anybodys guess.n 最初的记载是在2

37、000年前所编撰的一本叫做礼记的书中。n They were first mentioned in Liji, or The Book of Rites, a work compiled 2000 years ago. n 筷子可以用许多材料制作，如竹子、木头、金子、银子、象牙、锡、塑料等。n Chopsticks may be made of any of several materials: bamboo, wood, gold, silver, ivory, tin and plastics. n 其横截面（cross-section）或圆或方。n They may be either

38、round or square in cross-section.n 有的镶有彩色图案或书法用以装饰。n Some of them are engraved with colored pictures or calligraphy for decoration.n 现在中国家庭使用的普通筷子多以木头或竹子制成，宴会通常使用象牙筷子，古代皇宫和贵族则使用金筷。n Ordinary chopsticks used in Chinese homes are of wood or bamboo, those for banquets are often ivory, whereas gold ones

39、 belonged only to the ancient royalty and aristocracy.12、京剧被称为中国的国粹（national opera）,起源于18世纪晚期，是将音乐、舞蹈、艺术与杂技（acrobatics）综合为一体的戏曲。在中国，京剧是所有戏曲中最有影响力和代表性的戏曲。中国京剧有着200多年的历史，是中国的民族瑰宝。京剧有着丰富的剧目（repertoire）、众多的表演艺术家和大批的观众，在中国有着其他戏曲无法匹及的深远影响。京剧剧目主要讲述前朝传说故事，其中包括古代重要的历史事件以及王侯将相、才子佳人的故事，讲述从尧、舜、禹，春秋战国群雄并起的历史时期到秦

40、、汉、隋、唐、宋、元、明、清等多朝代的历史故事。n 京剧被称为中国的国粹（national opera）,起源于18世纪晚期，是将音乐、舞蹈、艺术与杂技（acrobatics）综合为一体的戏曲。n Known as Chinas national opera, which originated in the late 18th century, Beijing Opera is a synthesis of music, dance, art and acrobatics. n 在中国，京剧是所有戏曲中最有影响力和代表性的戏曲。中国京剧有着200多年的历史，是中国的民族瑰宝。 n It is

41、the most influential and representative of all operas in China. Beijing Opera is a national treasure with a history of more than 200 years. n 中国京剧有着200多年的历史，是中国的民族瑰宝。 n Beijing Opera is a national treasure with a history of more than 200 years. n 京剧有着丰富的剧目（repertoire）、众多的表演艺术家和大批的观众，在中国有着其他戏曲无法匹及的深远

42、影响。 n Owing to its richness of repertoire, great number of artists of performance and of audiences, Beijing Opera has profound influence, which no other opera in China can rival. n 京剧剧目主要讲述前朝传说故事，其中包括古代重要的历史事件以及王侯将相、才子佳人的故事，讲述从尧、舜、禹，春秋战国群雄并起的历史时期到秦、汉、隋、唐、宋、元、明、清等多朝代的历史故事。n The repertoire of Beijing

43、Opera is mainly engaged in fairy tales of preceding dynasties, important historical events, emperors, ministers and generals, geniuses and great beauties, from Yao, Shun, Yu, the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period to the dynasties of Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing.13、文学

44、是中国文化中最有活力、最灿烂辉煌的一部分。在历史发展的长河里，中国古代文学蕴含了中华文化的基本精神，体现了中国人的美学（esthetics）追求，承载了中华民族的理想信念，表现出自己独特的个性和风采。从远古(primeval times)神话(mythology)到唐诗宋词、明清小说各种文学形式，高潮迭起，连绵数千年，涌现出许多古今闻名的文学家和不朽的文学作品。n 文学是中国文化中最有活力、最灿烂辉煌的一部分。n Literature is the most dynamic and splendid part of Chinese culture. n 在历史发展的长河里，中国古代文学蕴含了中

45、华文化的基本精神，体现了中国人的美学（esthetics）追求，承载了中华民族的理想信念，表现出自己独特的个性和风采。n Throughout the long history, Chinese ancient literature has embodied the underlying spirits of Chinese culture, reflected the Chinese peoples pursuit for esthetics and faith for ideal society, and moreover, demonstrated the distinctive Chi

46、nese character. n 从远古(primeval times)神话(mythology)到唐诗宋词、明清小说各种文学形式，高潮迭起，连绵数千年，涌现出许多古今闻名的文学家和不朽的文学作品。n For centuries, a succession of diversified literary forms, for instance, mythologies in primeval times, poems and Ci in the Tang and Song dynasties, novels in the Ming and Qing dynasties, etc., have

47、 come into being. Many great littrateurs are still remembered today and their masterpieces have gained perpetual fame. 14、颐和园（the Summer Palace）是世界上建筑规模最大、保存最完整、文化内涵最丰富的皇家御苑，被誉为皇家园林博物馆。园内建筑吸收了中国各地建筑的精华。东部的宫殿区和内廷区，是典型的北方四合院（quadrangle）风格。南部的湖泊区是仿杭州西湖景色，一道西堤（dyke）把湖泊一分为二，具有浓郁的江南情调；万寿山（Longevity Hill）的

48、北面，是典型的西藏喇嘛庙宇（Tibetan lamasery）风格，有白塔及城堡式建筑；北部的苏州街，店铺林立，水道纵横（crisscrossing watercourses）, 又是典型的江南水乡风格。v 颐和园（the Summer Palace）是世界上建筑规模最大、保存最完整、文化内涵最丰富的皇家御苑，被誉为皇家园林博物馆。v The Summer Palace is the largest and best-preserved royal garden in the world with the richest cultural connotation, hence it is honored as a museum of royal gardens. v 园内建筑吸收了中国各地建筑的精华。v The buildings in the palace are the architectural cream from all parts of China.v 东部的宫殿区和内廷区，是典型的北方四合院（quadrangle）风格。