动词动词短语.ppt

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1、专题一动词和动词短语语法专题 动词的辨析 动词短语的考查要点 易错易混点 语法填空 语法与写作1动词的辨析动词的辨析动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、持续性动词与动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、持续性动词与非持续性动词，是高考考查的重点，无论是语法填空还是完非持续性动词，是高考考查的重点，无论是语法填空还是完形填空等题型中，动词辨析的比重都很大，并有逐年增加的形填空等题型中，动词辨析的比重都很大，并有逐年增加的趋势。动词辨析主要指：趋势。动词辨析主要指：1词形相近的动词之间的辨析。如：词形相近的动词之间的辨析。如：lie，lay；rise，raise；sit，seat等。等。2意

2、义相近的动词之间的辨析。如：意义相近的动词之间的辨析。如：borrow，lend；speak，say，talk；hope，wish等。等。3动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨析。如：动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨析。如：advise，advice；cost，worth；pass，past 等。等。4意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨析。如：意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨析。如：explain，say；discover，invent；uncover，find等。等。5某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨析。如：某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨析。如：ask，give，call，make，get，keep，wan

3、t，see，hear等。等。6某些常用动词短语的辨析。如：某些常用动词短语的辨析。如：give in，give up；turn on，turn off，turn down，turn up等。等。选词填空选词填空A. remind，negotiate，fail，limit，order1William found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to .2If you dont like the drink you just leave it and try a different one.3Mary

4、，I John of his promise to help you.4Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also our thinking.5The government refuses to with terrorists. 题组训练1failorderedremindedlimitnegotiateB. open，accumulate，reserve，earn，deny6Clinical evidence began to ，suggesting that the n

5、ew drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.7Are you still mad at her?Not really，but I cant that her remarks hurt me.8Id prefer to my judgment until I find all the evidence.9You are old enough to your own living.10I a bank account after I made1

6、,000 by doing a parttime job during the summer vacation.accumulatedenyreserveearnopened2动词短语的考查要点动词短语的考查要点动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。需掌握以动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。需掌握以下要点：下要点：1根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。(1)动词副词动词副词(不及物不及物)Tom turned up after the party when everyone had left.(2)动词副词动词副词(及物及物)Pl

7、ease turn every light in the house off.注意：如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。She turned off all the lights which had been left on.如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。She gave them away.(3)动词介词动词介词(及物及物)You should learn to care about others.注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。(4)动词副

8、词介词动词副词介词I look forward to seeing you soon.注意：“动词介词动词介词”、“动词名词副词动词名词副词”、“动词副动词副词介词词介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetables can be well looked after. (不能漏掉不能漏掉after)2熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同动词和同一介词或同熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。一副词搭配在意义上的差异。(1

9、)同一动词和不同介词搭配时意义上的差异。同一动词和不同介词搭配时意义上的差异。hear from收到收到的来信的来信hear of听说听说look after照料照料look at看看look for寻找寻找(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时意义上的差异。同一动词和不同副词搭配时意义上的差异。ring back回电话回电话ring off挂断电话挂断电话ring up打电话打电话 put away放好，收起放好，收起put on穿上；上演穿上；上演put up挂起；举起挂起；举起(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时意义上的差异。不同动词和同一介词搭配时意义上的差异。look for寻找寻找ask for

10、请求请求wait for等候等候send for派人去叫派人去叫(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时意义上的差异。不同动词和同一副词搭配时意义上的差异。break out发生；爆发发生；爆发carry out进行；开展进行；开展go out熄灭熄灭 hand out分发分发let out放出放出 look out当心当心sell out卖完卖完 set out出发出发take out取出取出 work out算出算出break down坏了坏了 come down落下来落下来get down下车下车 take down取下取下write down写下写下选词填空选词填空A. speed up，wor

11、k out，put up with，bring down1I can _ the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean.2We aim to _ the cost of daily life.3They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic.4You cant predict everything. Often things dont _as you expect. 题组训练2put up withbring downspeed upwork outB. care ab

12、out，bring up，turn down，put up5You look upset. Whats the matter?I had my proposal _ again.6If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle，ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.7He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a hotel for the night.8Born into a family with three br

13、others，David was _ to value the sense of sharing.turned downcare aboutputting upbrought upC. take on，go over，come across，look up9To get a better grade，you should _ the notes again before the test.10I often _ the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet.11She _ an old friend of hers yes

14、terday while she was shopping at the department store.12Some insects _ the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.go overlook upcame acrosstake on3易错易混点易错易混点1lay(放放)，lie(躺躺)与与lie(说谎说谎)，这三个易混动词构成见下表：，这三个易混动词构成见下表：原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词lay放，搁；下蛋，产卵放，搁；下蛋，产卵laidlaidlie躺；位于躺；位于laylainlie说谎说谎liedl

15、ied2.rise和和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词，过去分词是是risen，而，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。是及物动词，是规则动词。3hang的用法：的用法：hang有两个意思：一为有两个意思：一为“悬挂悬挂”，是不规则，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为；二为“绞刑绞刑”，是规则，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。4sit与与seat：seat为及物动词时作为及物动词时作“容纳容纳”讲，讲，sit只是表示一只是表示一个动作；个动作；seat表示表

16、示“就座就座”时要用时要用be seated 或用或用seat oneself。如：如：They were seated at their desks.或或I seated myself in the armchair.5win与与beat：win作作“胜、赢胜、赢”讲时其后应接讲时其后应接a game，an argument，a battle，a prize，a contest，a race，a bet等，但等，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含义。如：不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含义。如：I have won him.即即“我已说服他了，我赢得了他的好感。我已说服他了，我赢得了他的好感。”而

17、而beat是及物动词，是及物动词，意为意为“击败、胜过击败、胜过”，直接接人、队。，直接接人、队。6lost，gone与与missing：作补足语时意为：作补足语时意为“丢失、不见了丢失、不见了”，可以用可以用lost，gone，但要用，但要用miss时则不能用时则不能用missed，而要用，而要用missing。4语法与写作语法与写作根据提示翻译下面的句子根据提示翻译下面的句子1必须指出我愿意在这个假期里去旅游。必须指出我愿意在这个假期里去旅游。(point out)(2013山东山东写作写作)_2踢足球和看电视占据了我很多的业余时间。踢足球和看电视占据了我很多的业余时间。(take up)

18、(2013四川四川书面表达书面表达)_It must be pointed out that I would love to go travelling during this holiday.Playing football and watching TV take up much of my spare time.3我必须使自己适应美国的生活方式，帮助他们了解中国文我必须使自己适应美国的生活方式，帮助他们了解中国文化的最优秀部分。化的最优秀部分。(adapt to) (2013浙江浙江书面表达书面表达)_4前面将会有很多挑战，但我有信心我会挑起这个担子。前面将会有很多挑战，但我有信心我会挑

19、起这个担子。(take on) (2013天津天津书面表达书面表达)_I had to adapt myself to their American lifestyle and help them understand the best part of Chinese culture.There will be many challenges ahead，but I have confidence that Ill take on the burden.5在中国，这些中国结在中国，这些中国结(Chinese knot)代表友谊、爱和代表友谊、爱和好运。好运。(stand for) (2013新

20、课标全国新课标全国书面表达书面表达)_In China，these Chinese knots stand for friendship，love and good luck.5语法填空语法填空 As you can see，water works hard in your body every day.Thats 1. _ its important to give your body the water it needs 2. _(carry) out all its different jobs.3. _ a regular day，your body loses 2 to 3 quar

21、ts of waterenough to fill 4. _ 2liter soda bottle.You probably guess that water 5. _(lose) when you sweatespecially on a hot day. But your body also loses water in an almost 6. _(visible)wayevaporation.Water escapes from your body throughwhyOnais lostinvisibleto carryyour skin and in your breath.How

22、？Your breath contains droplets (小水滴小水滴) of water 7. _ are usually too tiny to see.8. _ become visible for a quick second in the cold when you can “see your breath”But water evaporates this way all year round.Your skin also contains water，which escapes in tiny droplets that go 9. _ the air.The water in your skin evaporates into the air，but 10. _(fortunate)，your body can replace the water it loses so your skin doesnt dry out.that/whichTheyintofortunately