初中英语单词表沪教牛津版.doc

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1、A1. a balanced diet 均衡饮食balance n. 平衡 keep balance 保持平衡on a diet 节食2. a bit 有点，一点后接形容词时相当于a little， 可用于修饰形容词和副词的比较级；3. a bit of 小量 后接名词时用法与a little一样，后接不可数名词4. a crowd of 一群 同义词：a group of5. a long time ago 很早以前ago&before时间段+ago，常与一般过去式连用。before+时间点，也可单独使用，表“以前”。before后可接状语从句，而ago则不能。e.g. Five days

2、ago, I went to the Great Wall. 五年前，我去了长城。 I have never been to there before. 我之前从没去过那儿。 Please wash your hands before you have meals. 饭前要洗手。6. a packet of 一袋 in packets 一袋袋地7. a series of 一系列8. ability n. 才能；能力 同义词：capacity9. able adj. 能；能够 disabled adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的10. (be) able to 能够 同义词：can (be) ab

3、le to do sth. 能够做某事区别:can只有can和could两种形式，而(be) able to 可用于任何时态11. above all 最重要的是；尤其是 同义词：whats moreabove prep. 在.上方 反义词：below 在.下方 并不一定在垂直的正上方或下方over 在.上方 under 在.的下方 指在垂直的正上方或下方12. abroad adv. 在国外；到国外 go abroad 去国外13. accept v. 接受（建议、邀请等） acception n. 接受；领受 acceptable adj. 可接受的accept&receive recei

4、ve指客观上的收到，并不代表接受了；而accept则表示情感上的接受e.g. She received a present from a friend but she didnt accept it. 她收到了一份朋友送的礼物，但她没有接受。14. accident n. （交通）事故 by accident 偶然地accident&incidentaccident指偶然发生的不幸事件；incident则指普通的小事件，也指暴力性的政治事件。e.g. About ten people were killed in the car accident. 在这次车祸中大约有10人丧生。 That w

5、as one of the strangest incidents in my life. 那是我一生中最奇怪的事情之一。 This book is about the July 7th Incident. 这本书是关于七七事变的。15. according to 据(.所说）According to the local people, there was a big lake here before. 据当地人所说，这儿之前有一个很大的湖。16. accuse v. 控告；控诉 accuse ab. of sth. 控某人某事17. (be ) accused of . 被控告.;被指责.e

6、.g. He was accused of murder. 他被控告谋杀。18. achieve v. （凭长期努力）达到（某目标、地位、标准）同义词：realizeachieve ones dream=realize ones dream=make ones dream come true19. achievement n. 成就；成绩Because of his hard-working, he get such a big achievement. 由于他的勤奋和努力，他才取得如此大的成就。20. across prep. 在.对面；在.对过across&throughacross 横穿

7、；从表面穿过 后常接街道、马路、桥等through指从立体空间穿过 e.g. please be careful when you go across the street. 过马路的时候要小心。 The plane went through the clouds. 飞机穿过了云层。21. act v. 扮演（戏剧、电影中的角色）active adj. 积极的，活跃的，主动的 activity n. 活动22. act as 充当e.g. He acted as a policeman in his last film. 在他的上部电影中，他扮演了一名警察。23. act out 将.表演出来

8、24. action n. (故事、戏剧等中的）情节 n. 行动；活动25. actor n. 演员 actress n. 女演员26. *actually adv. 事实上 同义词 in fact27. add v. 增加；添加 add to 加入，加到：增加addup 把.加起来add up to 总和为.e.g. Some milk is added to this cup of coffee. 这杯咖啡加了牛奶。 These numbers add up to 100. 这些数字加起来是100.28. add.to. 把.加入. please add some sugar to thi

9、s cup of coffee. 请往这杯咖啡里面加点糖。29. address n. 地址30. admit v. （常指勉强）承认admit doing sth 承认做某事 The thief admitted stealing the womans money. 小偷承认偷了这位女士的钱。31. adult n. 成年动物；成年人；成熟的32. advantage n. 优势反义词：disadvantage 劣势This kind of products has some disadvantages. 这种产品有些缺点。33. adventure n. 冒险；冒险经历34. advert

10、isement n. 广告advertise v. 做广告；为打广告35. advice n. 建议 同义词：suggestion区别：advice是不可数名词，而suggestion是可数名词Can you give me some advice on learning English? 你可以给我一些学习英语的建议吗？36. advise v. 建议 同义词：suggest advise/suggest doing sth. advise sb. to do sth.My teacher advise me to speak English as possible as I can. 老师

11、建议我尽可能说英语。37. afford v. 买得起afford to do sth. I can afford to buy this pair of shoes. 我买不起这双鞋。38. Africa n. 非洲 African adj. 非洲的；非洲人39. after a while 过了一会儿 同义词：a moment laterafter&later&inafter+时间点/时间段，多与一般过去式连用；用于某个特定的时间之后，也可用于将来时。时间段+later，可与过去时或将来时连用。in+时间段，多与一般将来时连用，提问时用how soon。e.g. After finishi

12、ng my homework, I started to help my mum with housework. 做完作业后，我开始帮妈妈做家务。 The film will be shown after 5 oclock. 电影将在5点后上演。 The film will be shown in 5 minutes. 电影将在5分钟之后上演。He went to America yesterday, he will be back 5 days later. 他昨天去了美国，五天之后会回来。40. after dark 天黑后；黄昏后41. against prep. 反对 play aga

13、inst fight against 与.对抗The soldiers are fighting against their enemies. 士兵正在与敌军对抗。42. age n. 年龄 at the age of 在.的年纪She began playing the piano at the age of 4. 她四岁开始弹钢琴。43. ago adv. 以前ago&before时间段+ago，常与一般过去式连用。before+时间点，也可单独使用，表“以前”。before后可接状语从句，而ago则不能。e.g. Five days ago, I went to the Great Wa

14、ll. 五年前，我去了长城。 I have never been to there before. 我之前从没去过那儿。 Please wash your hands before you have meals. 饭前要洗手。44. agree v. 同意 反义词：disagree 反对agree to do sth. 同意做某事agree on sth.Both of parties agree on that policy. 两个党派都同意那项政策。45. agree with 同意；赞成 I cant agree with you more. 我再同意不过了。46. agreement

15、n. 同意；应允 反义词：disagreement 反对Youd better get your parents agreement before you do it. 在做那件事之前，最好能得到你父母的同意。47. ahead of prep. 领先She was soon ahead of other contestants. 很快她就领先了其他选手。48. air conditioner 空调49. airport n. 机场She will arrive at the airport tomorrow morning. 明早她会到达飞机场。50. *album n. 相册；影集51.

16、*alien n. 外星人52. alive adj. 活着；在世 alive&livingalive只能做表语，living既可以做表语，也可以做定语。e.g. The dog is still alive. 这只狗依然活着。 He is one of the the greatest living writer. 他是在世的最伟大的作家之一。53. all day and all night 夜以继日54. all over 遍及 同义词：all aroundMy dream is to travel all over the world. 我的梦想是环游世界。55. all the ti

17、me （在某段时间内）一直；始终56. all the way 一路上；至始至终57. allow v. 允许进入（或出去、通过）allow doing sth. 允许做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事It doesnt allow smoking here. 这儿禁止吸烟。58. alone adv. 独自 adj. 独自的alone&lonelyalone做形容词时，意为“单独的，独自的”。强调一个人，只能做表语。它还可以做副词，意为“独自地”，多与live连用。lonely只做形容词，意为“孤单的；寂寞的”。强调心理上的孤独，不一定是一个人，多与feel连用，

18、做表语。它还可指“荒凉的”，做定语。e.g. I live alone, but I dont feel lonely. 虽然我一个人住，但我并不感到孤独。59. aloud adv. 大声地：高声地 同义词：loudlyPlease speak aloud so that everyone can hear you. 请大声点讲，这样别人才能听见。60. already adv. 已经；早已 通常用于现在完成时的肯定句中，既可以置于句中，也可以置于句末。yet adv. 尚未；仍未常用于现在完成时的否定和疑问句句末。-Have you finished your homework yet?

19、你完成作业了吗？-Yes, I have already finished my homework. 是的，我已经做完作业了。61. although conj. 虽然；尽管 同义词：thoughalthough&though同：两都用于引导让步状语从句。注意：although和though不能够与but出现在同一个句子中。区别：although语气比though更正式。though可用于倒装，although不可以。Young though he is, he can take care of himself. 虽然他很小，但他能照顾自己。though还可以用作副词，放于句子末尾，表示转折，

20、以为“可是，不过。”通常前面用逗号隔开。Although不可以。Its hard work. I enjoy it, though. 虽然工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。62. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的 同义词：surprisingamazed adj. 感到惊奇的有一部分动词加上-ing或-ed变成形容词。-ing结尾的形容词通常用来修饰事物，表示“令人.的”；而-ed结尾的形容词则通常修饰人，表示人“感到.的”It is amazing that ants can lift twice of their weight. 蚂蚁能举起他们本身重量的两倍，太令人惊奇了。I am ama

21、zed that ants can lift twice of their weight. 蚂蚁能举起他们本身重量的两倍，我感觉很惊奇。63. America n. 美洲；美国64. American adj. 美洲的；美国的；美国人65. among prep. 在.中among&betweenamong指三者或三者以上；between指两者之间，常与and连用。e.g. She is the tallest among the three girls. 三个女孩中，她最高。 The girl standing between you and me is my sister. 站在你和我中间

22、的那个女孩是我妹妹。66. amount n. 数量；数额a large amount of 大量的 后接不可数名词 同义词：a great deal of A large amount of water is wasted every day. 每天都要大量的水被浪费。67. ancient adj. 古代的 反义词：modern 现代的68. and so on 等等 同义词：etc. (etcetera)69. announcement n. 公告；通告announce v. 宣布；播报70. annoying adj. 使恼怒的；使生气的annoyed adj. 感到恼怒的The bo

23、y is so wicked that his mother feels annoyed. 这个小男孩太坏了，他的妈妈很生气。71. another pron. 又一；另一（事物或人）another&the other&other&others&the othersanother+名词单数，泛指三者或三者以上当中的“另一个”。one another = each other 互相the other 指两者中的另一个。the other+名词复数=the others。特指“其余的，别的。”指余下的全部。other+名词复数=others。“其他的，别的。”some, others. other

24、s指余下全体中的一些。e.g. My bike is broken, so I need to buy another one. 我的自行车坏了，所以我得再买一辆。 She has two children. One is 4, the other is 7. 她有2个小孩。一个4岁，另一个7岁。 Some children are playing basketball, others are playing table tennis. 一些孩子在打篮球，其他的的在打乒乓球。（不一定是剩下所有的。） There are many apples in the basket. Some are r

25、ed, the others are green. 篮子里有很大苹果。一些是红的，剩下的都是青的。72. ant n. 蚂蚁73. anybody pron. 任何人 同义词：anyone复合不定代词someonesomebodysomethinganyoneanybodyanythingeveryoneeverybodyeverythingno onenobodynothing复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。Is everyone here? 大家都在吗？复合不定代词接形容词时，要放在形容词前面。Could you tell me something interesting? 你

26、能告诉我一些有趣的事情吗？some-. 通常用于肯定句中，any-.用于否定句和疑问句中。但在表示请求、许可以及想得到别人肯定答复的疑问句中，要用some。e.g. There are some books on the table. 桌上有些书。 Is there any water in the glass? 杯子里有水吗？ Would you like something to drink? 你想要些喝的吗？74. anyone pron. 任何人75. anything pron. 任何东西；任何事物76. anytime adv. 在任何时候；随便什么时候Sometime 某时 so

27、me time 一些时间 some times 几次 sometimes 有时77. anyway adv. 无论如何；反正78. anywhere adv. 在任何地方79. apologize v. 道歉 apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉He apologized to her for misunderstanding. 他为误解了她而道歉。80. apology n. 道歉Please accept my apology for being late. 我迟到了，很抱歉，请原谅！81. appear v. 出现 反义词：disappear link v

28、. 显得；看来；似乎 同义词：seem(1) appear/seem (to be) +adj.She appears/seems (to be) clever. 她似乎很聪明。(2) appear/seem +n. He appears/seems a teacher. 他看起来像个老师。(3) it seems/appears that +从句It seems/appears that it will be rainy tomorrow. 明天似乎会下雨。(4) appear/seem to do sth. They seem/appear to be lost. 他们好像迷路了。82.

29、appearance n. 外表appearance&expressionappearance指整个的外表；expression指人脸上的表情；神情。此外，expression还有表达的意思。e.g. Your whole appearance communicates things. 你整个的外表在交流。 Your expression is not so good. 你的表情不够好。83. *applause n. 鼓掌；喝彩84. area n. 地域；地区There were many fishermen in this area before. 这个地区之前有很多渔夫。85. arm

30、y n. 陆军部队 join the army 参军86. arrive at 到达 同义词：reach, get toarrive at后接小地点 arrive in 后接大地点e.g. She will arrive at the airport at 4 this afternoon. 她今天下午4点会到机场。 Will they arrive in Shenzhen on time. 他们会准时到深圳吗？87. article n. 文章；商品This article is worth reading. 这篇文章值得一读。88. artist n. 艺术家She wants to be

31、 an artist like her father. 她想成为和她父亲一样的艺术家。89. *artistic adj. 有艺术天赋的90. asas 像.一样；如同 可用于比较级原级，中间用形容词或副词的原级。Li hua runs as fast as Wang ming. 李华和王明跑得一样快。91. as a result of 由于 同义词：because ofAs a result of the accident, two people were killed. 这个事故有两个人丧生了。9. as soon as possible 尽快We will complete the t

32、ask as soon as possible. 我们会尽快完成这项任务。93. as well 也；除.之外 同义词：tooas well&too&also&eitheras well和too两者都用于肯定句句尾，too前常用逗号隔开，as well则不用。also也用于肯定句中，置于主语之后，be动词，助动词，情态动词之后，行为动词之前。either用于否定句句末，前面常有逗号。e.g. I like playing basketball. My brother like it, too. 我喜欢打篮球，我的弟弟也喜欢。 I also like this film. 我也喜欢这部电影。 S

33、he didnt go to school yesterday. I didnt go to school, either. 她昨天没有上学，我也是。94. as well as 也；还 同义词：andShe is a singer as well as a dancer. 她是一名歌手，也是一位舞者。95. ashamed adj. 惭愧；羞愧 feel ashamed of 感到羞愧的You should feel ashamed of yourself to do that. 那样做你应该为自己感到羞愧。96. Asia n. 亚洲97. Asian adj. 亚洲的China is a

34、n Asian country. 中国是一个亚洲国家。98. ask permission 报请批准You should call your father to ask permission to travel. 你应该打电话给你父亲让他批准你去旅行。99. *asteroid n. 小行星100. astronaut n. 宇航员；航天员Yang liwei is a great astronaut. 杨利伟是一名伟大的宇航员。101. astronomer n. 天文学家102. (not) at all 一点也（不）；完全（不）I dont want to go there at all

35、. 我再也不去那儿了。103. at birth 出生时Pandas weigh about 100-200 grams at birth. 熊猫出生时大概100到200斤。104. at first 起初；起先 同义词：at the beginningThe rabbit runs in front at first. 起初兔子跑在前面。105. at last 终于；最终 同义词：in the end, finallyThey won the prize at last. 最后他们终于赢得了奖品。106. at the front 在前面 同义词：in the frontat the fr

36、ont of =in the front ofin front of&in the front of in front of 指在范围外的前面；in front of 指在范围里面的前面e.g There is a tree in front of the house. There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.107. at the same time 同时 同义词：in the meanwhileDont all speak at the same time. 大家不要同时说话。108. atmosphere . 大气层109.

37、 attack v. 袭击；攻击Some dogs even attack people. 有些狗深圳会攻击人。110. attend v. 参加attend&join&join in&take part injoin指参加团体、党派、军队等，也可接人或者具体的活动。join in 参加某种活动，通常指正在进行着的活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加活动，有时可与take part in互换。take part in 指参加某种活动并在其中起积极作用。attend常用于参加会议、宴会等比较正式的活动。e.g. He will never forget the day when he joined th

38、e party. 他永远也忘不了他入党的那一天。 We are playing games. Do you want to join us. 我们正在玩游戏，你想来吗？ May I join in the ball game? 我可以参加这个游戏吗？ A great number of students took part in the parade. 很多学生参加了游行。 Please attend the meeting on time. 请准时参加会议。 111. attention n. 注意力；留心 pay attention to 注意；重视Please pay attention

39、 to my pronunciation. 请注意我的发音。112. attract v. 吸引；使喜爱 attraction n. 有吸引力的人或事物 attractive adj. 有吸引力(be) attracted to 被.所吸引I was soon attracted to the interesting story. 我很快被这个有趣的故事所吸引。113. audience n. 观众；听众 是一个集合名词，表示整体时谓语动词用单数形式，表示多批次的观众时后可加s。The audience applauded for his excellent performance. 观众为他

40、出色的表演鼓掌。114. Australia n. 澳大利亚 Australian adj. 澳大利亚的；澳大利亚人The girl is from Australia. 这个女孩来自澳大利亚。115. avoid v. 避免；避开 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事She locked the door to avoid being disturbed. 为了避免被打扰，她把门锁上了。116. awake v. （使）醒来 adj. 醒着的 只能作表语，不能作定语。Dont awake the sleeping baby up. 不要把这个睡着的婴儿吵醒了。117. away ad

41、v. 去别处；朝另一个方向go away 走开 put away 整理；收拾 far away from 离.很远keep away from=get away from=be away from 远离118. awful adj. 很坏的；极讨厌的It is awful of you to laugh at disabled people. 嘲笑残疾人，你太可恶了。B119. (be) bad for 对.有害的 同义词：(be) harmful to 反义词：(be) good for 对.有好处的Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟有害健康。120. ba

42、dly adv. 严重地；厉害地 比较级和最高级分别是worse, worst。 bad adj. 坏的；有害的She is coughing badly. 她咳得很厉害。121. badminton n. 羽毛球运动My favourite sport is badminton. 我最喜欢的运动是羽毛球。122. *ballet n. 芭蕾舞123. bamboo n. 竹子；竹Pandas like eating bamboo. 熊猫喜欢吃竹子。124. band n. 乐队 n. 带He set up a band when he was at college. 上大学时，他组建过乐队。

43、125. bank n. 银行 n. 堤岸How can I get to the nearest bank? 我怎样能到最近的银行？126. bark v. （狗）吠叫Nearly all dogs bark at strangers. 几乎所有的狗都会对陌生人大叫。127. baseball n. 棒球运动Baseball is very popular in the USA. 棒球运动在美国非常流行。128. basic adj. 基本的；基础的Children can learn basic language knowledge by imitating. 孩子们可以通过模仿习得基本的

44、语言知识。129. basket n. 篮；筐 basketball n. 篮球He can throw the basketball into the basket correctly. 他可以准确地投篮。130. battery n. 电池 In order to protect the environment, we should recycle the batteries. 为了保护环境，我们应该对电池进行回收利用。131. bean n. 豆；豆荚132. beat v. (beat, beaten) 赢；打败（某人）win&beatwin “赢得”后接比赛、奖品、名词等；而beat

45、指打败某个人或者某个队伍。The blues beat the reds and won the prize. 蓝队打败了红队，获得了奖品。133. beauty n. 美；美丽 beautiful adj. 美丽的，漂亮的 n. 美人Everyone is shocked by the beauty of the lake. 每个人都被这个湖的美所震撼。134. because of 因为 同义词：as a result ofbecause of&becausebecause后接句子，而because of后接名词，代词或短语。e.g. He was late for school beca

46、use he got up late. 他起晚了，所以上学迟到了。 He was late for school because of getting up late. 他起晚了，所以上学迟到了。135. bee n. 蜜蜂 honey n. 蜂蜜136. beef n. 牛肉 steak n. 牛排 肉类都是不可数名词137. behavior n. （动植物的）活动方式 n. 行为；习性Many parents find it hard to discourage bad behavior. 很多父母发现让孩子循规蹈矩是件很难的事情。138. believe v. 相信 belief n. 相信；信赖；信仰believe in=trustWe ought not to believe anyone blindly. 我们不应该盲目相信别人。139. bell n. 鈡；铃 doorbell n. 门铃When the bell rang, I was watching TV. 门铃响的时候，我