初中英语一般现在时与一般过去式小结.doc

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1、一般现在时与一般过去式小结一，一般现在时的用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every, sometimes,at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时

2、。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的n

3、ow是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。5）时间标志词：every , sometimes,often usually6）一般现在时中的动词第三人称单数形式在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。现归纳总结如下：1、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如：He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：Han

4、 Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。3、单数可数名词或this / that / the+单数可数名词作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。This book is yours. 这本书是你的。That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。The cat is Lucys. 这只猫是露茜的。4、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody

5、, everything, something等及指示代词this,that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。5、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。The bread is very small. 那面包很小。6、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：6 is a lucky nu

6、mber. 6是个吉利数字。I is a letter. I是个字母。二，一般过去时的用法, 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now?2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they we

7、re given a warm welcome.3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth 到时间了 该了 It is time sb. did sth. 时间已迟了 早该了 It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示宁愿某人做某事 Id rather you came tomorrow.4) 时间标志词：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other d

8、ay, in 1982, just now5）一般过去时：一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式形式。be动词的过去式有两种：was(是is, am的过去式)，were(是are的过去式)；行为动词的过去式一般在词尾加-ed；不规则变化的动词要参看不规则动词表。含有be的过去时，变否定句在was和were的后面加not。was not与were not可缩写成wasnt和werent。一般疑问句是把was/were提到句首，并大写第一个字母w，句末用问号。例：He wasnt in the classroom just now. 刚才他不在教室。 Were you at home last ni

9、ght? Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt. 昨天晚上你在家吗？ 是的，我在。/ 不，我不在。6）行为动词的过去时的否定句、一般疑问句怎样改写呢？这就要借助助动词do/does的过去式did了。否定句在did后加not, 并把行为动词恢复原形。如：He didnt do his homework last night. 昨天晚上他没写作业。而一般疑问句要把did提到句首，行为动词也要恢复原形。如： Did you listen to the radio yesterday? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 昨天你听收音机了吗？ 是的，我听了。/ 不，我没

10、听。巩固练习题：I.写出下列动词的相应形式：1. 第三人称单数： wash_ match _guess_ study_ finish_go_ snow_ carry_2.写出下列动词的过去式：stop_ see_ drive _let_ carry_keep_ join_ find_ think_ teach_ catch_3. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式： stay_ begin_ forget_forget_ lie_ die _ run_ prefer_ give_ring_ dance_ hope_II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空：1I _(write) to you as soon

11、as I _(get) to London.2. He doesnt feel well and _(not eat) any food this morning.3. He _ not _(see) me come in, for he _(read) somethingwith great interest.4. I _(let) you have the book as soon as I _(finish) it.5. While we _(wait) for our teacher, a little boy _(run) up to us.6. Dont make a niose.

12、 Grandpa _(sleep).7.Its seven now, Toms family_(watch) TV.8. It _(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night.9. What _ your mother _(do) at eight yesterday evening? She_(wash) clothes.10. _ it _ (rain) when school was over yesterday?11. What _(do) _ tomorrow? We _ (play) football.12. There

13、_ (be) a football match on TV this evening.13. They said they _ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday.14. Who _ (dance) the best in your class?15. Will you come if he _ (not come)?16. The teacher told us the earth _ (move) round the sun.17. They _ (have) a party in the garden if it _ (not r

14、ain)tomorrow.18 She _ (buy) a sweater yesterday.19. I dont know if Mr.Wang _ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _ (go),I _ (ask) him _ (take) some books to my daughter, because she _ (study) there.III单项选择：1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.A.dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont r

15、ain2. There _ an English film next week.A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be3. The picture _ nice.A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking4. She _ down and soon fell asleep.A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay5. They _ the office at nine yesterday morning.A. reached to

16、B. arrived C. went D. get to6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week.A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come7. Dont smoke until the plane _ off.A. takes B. took C. was taken D. is take8. I saw her _ the room this morning.A. to enter() B. entered C. enter D. enters9.the te

17、acher asked us _ to school on time.A. to come B. coming C. come D. comes10. John is always _ others.A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help11. He told us _ at eight.A. working B. to work C. work D. worked12. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework.A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. sta

18、y, to do13. He sat down _ a rest.A. having B. have C. to have D. had14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine.A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make15. Jim decided _ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England.A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave练习题（二）一、写出下列动词第三人称单数的变化形式；be hav

19、e come go stay teach write take study watch fly play二、 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空；1The buses _ (use) a lot of oil.2Each of us _ (have) strong points and weak points.3My daughter _ (watch) TV every day. Sometimes she _ (see) a film on Sunday.4Li Wei _ (have) a daughter. She stays in a nursery.5Our family _ (be)

20、a happy one.6Her mother _ (teach) English at a middle school.7Jack often _ (listen) to the radio.8He _ (say) that Prof. Li is tired.三、将下列句子变成否定式和疑问式：1We go to evening school at night.2My brother works in a radio factory.3Her name is Mei Ling.4You have a red pencil.5She has lunch at home.6We have a m

21、eeting once a week.四、单向选择1. The Browns _ a nice car and Browns brother _ a nice jeep.A. have / have B. has / has C. have / has D. has / have2. If their house _ not like ours, what _ it look like?A. is / is B. is / does C. does / does D. does / is3. - _ you think he will come? - If it _ tomorrow, he

22、will notcome.A. Do / rains B. Are / rains C. Do / will rain D. Are / will rain4. The little child _ not even know that the moon _ around theearth.A. do / move B. do / moves C. does / moves D. did / moved5. Many a student _ fond of films, but a good student seldom _ tothe cinemaA. are / goes B. is / goes C. are / go D. is / go7