高中英语考点精析精练：介词(短文改错)解析.doc

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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流高中英语考点精析精练：介词(短文改错)解析【精品文档】第 - 13 - 页命题点7 介词本类考题解答锦囊 1英语中的介词多为固定搭配，需熟记。特别是要熟记形容词短语和介词短语中的介词。 2区别常用的介词。 表示时间的介词。in表示一段时间，on表示具体时间。 表示方位的名词。in表示在范围之内，to表示在范围之外，on表示毗邻，接壤。 besides与except的区别。besides表示“除以外还有”，except表示“只有除外”。 above，over与on的区别。 above：“在之上”，“高于”(表示相对高度，不一定在正上方)，它的反义词是bel

2、ow；over：“在之上”(表示垂直之上)，它的反义词是under；on：“在之上”(表示与某物接触) 3有介词的改错题经常以多用介词或少用介词的形式出现。 4介词后跟动词，动词加-ing 高考最新热门题 1.(典型例题)Im sure theyll laugh to me and see me as a fool命题目的与解题技巧：此题考查介词的基本知识。在做此类题时，应将句子结构分析清楚，熟练牢固掌握某些固定搭配，不要因为记忆不牢模糊而失分，做到稳扎稳打。 【答案】 toatlaughat sb，固定词组，取笑某人。2.I particularly enjoyed driving thro

3、ugh the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. 答案： sawseeingseeing作enjoyed的宾语。3.The main problem I was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English. 答案：去掉that前的in. was后接表语从句，不用介词。 题点经典类型题 1.(典型例题附中模拟)Expents are calling at s

4、chools and parents to cut down the mount of home work. 【答案】 aton call on 呼吁固定搭配。 2.(典型例题考)No one knows it besides two of my friends. 答案：besidesexceptbulbesides表示“除了还有”，expectbut表示“除了没有”此处表示只有我的好朋友知道此事。 新高考命题探究 1. You are wanted by the phone.答案： by改为onbewantedOnthephone有某人的电话。2. What is the time in y

5、our watch? 答案： in改为bybyoneswatch固定的介词短语，“照你的表”。3. Your watch is similar with mine. 答案： with改为tobesimilarto与相似。4. An hour consists by sixty, minutes. 答案： by改为of.consist of由组成。5. The old man is sitting next his son. 答案： next后加tonextto在旁边，靠近。6. She had to do such things at her will. 答案： at改为againstagai

6、nstoneswill违背某人的意愿。7. When are they leaving to London? 答案： to改为for1eavefor，“动身去”。8. I was very surprised by seeing her here. 答案： by改为at.be surprised at对感到吃惊。9. My father will be back after three hours. 答案： after改为in.“in+一段时间”与将来时态连用。10. what does he usually have at breakfast? 答案： at改为forhavefor brea

7、kfast以作早餐”。11. As a rule , the workers are paid for the hour. 答案： for改为byby the hour按小时。12. The children were told to keep of the grass. 答案： of改为offoff意为“离开”。13. Your answer of the question is not satisfying. 答案： Of改为to.an answer to“的答案”。14. Ive never heard him. How can I know him? 答案： heard后加“。hear

8、O听说。15 The hurricane happened in Sunday morning. 答案： in改为OIL具体某一天上午、下午、晚上前用介词On16. He decided to look through the matter himself. 答案：through改为intolook into调查。17.He looks at such things differently like all of us. 答案： like改为fromdifferentlyfrom“与不同”。18. Dr. Smith is a man to whom we have the grgatest

9、respeck 答案： to改为forhave respect for sb对某人表示尊敬。19.Thanks for your help,we had no trouble finding her lost child 答案： for改为tothanks to归功于。20. Everything there is quite all right , except that the food doesnt agree to me.答案：to改为withagree with sb.适合于某人。探究性命题综合测试考场热身 Passage 1 Mrs. Smith was unable to fal

10、l sleeping at night and 1._ 答案：sleepingasleep指导：fallasleep睡着，睡熟。固定习语。was very tired during the day to do anything,even the 2._ 答案：verytoo指导：构成tooto结构。simple things that she used to enjoy doing. She had 3._ 答案：headaches more often, it provented her from reading 4._ 答案：itwhich指导：which引导非限制性定语从句，代指那个事实

11、。or watched TV. The more she thought about her conditions, 5._ 答案：watchedwatching 指导：watching与reading并列作from的宾语。the more worse she felt. At last she went to see her doctor, 6._答案：去掉more指导：theworseshefelt.她感觉越坏。“more+形容词或副词原级”构成比较级形式，在比较级(worse是bad的比较级)前不能用more来修饰。 whom she had known for years. The d

12、octor listened to his 7._ 答案：hisher指导：herheartMrsSmithsheartheart and said, There is nothing serious wrong with 8._ 答案：seriousseriously指导：seriously修饰wrong。you ,and I accept the fact you dont fell well. Now Ill 9._答案：andbut指导：句意：你虽然没有什么严重的问题，但是我承认你感觉不好的事实。9. give you some pills(药丸) that help. Come to

13、morrow10._ 答案：helpwill指导：句意：我给你开一了些能治你头疼的药。help这里的意思是“对治头疼有帮助”。morning and tell me how you fell. Passage 2 A warm-heart nurse on her first days work came to 1._ 答案：warm-heartwarm-hearted指导：注意构词法，又如：cold-hearted心肠冷的，不热心的；warm-blooded(动物)温血的。a patient. She asked him she could do anything for 2._ 答案：hi

14、mifwhether指导：ask后接的宾语从句一般由疑问连接词来引导。him,and he only waved his hands and said something 3._ 答案：andbut 指导：由上下文逻辑可判断。she could hardly understand. She asked him again 4._ 答案：and he just kept saying the different words, but 5._ 答案：differentsame指导；句意：他一直重复着同一句话。in a lower voice before closing his eye. She

15、6._ 答案：eyeeyes 指导：eye显然应当用复数。felt his pulse and found him death. She rushed to 7._ 答案：deathdead指导：dead作宾语补足语，应当是形容词形式repeat to the doctor sounds she had heard. My 8._ 答案：sounds，the指导：thesounds指她听到的那位患者死前重复说的那句活。注意本句的话序，thesounds作repeat的宾语，应置其后，但因其后接一定语从句，所以放在了tothedoctor之后。句意：她(护士)匆匆忙忙地跑去向医生重复了一下她听到

16、的那些声音。dear girl, said the doctor after listen carefully to 9._ 1istenlistening指导：after此处是介词。注意after既可作连词，又可作介词。作连词时是这样的：said thedoctorafterhelistened carefullywhat she repeated,he was saying youve standing on10._ 答案：youveyoure指导：YourestandingOnmyoxygenpipe你正站在我的氧气管子上。my oxygen pipe.” Passage 3 I wor

17、ked like a postman for a short time,but I 1._ 答案：keas指导；workasapostman当邮递员。am afraid of the dogs and I had a lot of trouble. 2._ 答案：the指导：dogs这里表示“类指”而非“专指”。“我怕狗”而不是“我怕那(这些狗)”。One day,I managed to send a postcard to a big house.3._ 答案：nagedtried指导：由下文可知“送明信片”这件事还没有做到，所以不可用managed。manageto do sth表示“想

18、方设法做成了某事”。No sooner had I got my bicycle than a large dog ran 4._ 答案：toff 指导：got off my bicycle从自行车上下来。又如：got off thebus从公交车上下来。towards the gate, barking loudly at me. It seemed 5._ 答案：to bite me. If I had moved an inch towards,the dog 6._ 答案：wardsforward指导moveaninchforward往前挪一(英寸)。would have jumped

19、 at me. At the end I had no 7._ 答案：In指导：intheend最终；attheend(ok)在结束的时候。oice but drop the postcard on the ground in the garden.8._ 答案：tto指导：这里but前没有出现实义动词，所以其后应当接todo形式。The terrible-looking dog picked it immediately and 9._ 答案： itup指导：picdedit up把明信片衔起来。carried it in the house. The dog was a good post

20、man.10._ 答案：in-into指导：carried it intothehouse把明信片叼进房子里。Passage 4Miss Jones was a teacher,her home was not 1._ 答案：herwhose指导：whose引导非限制性定语从句。注意：在her前加and的改法是不正确的，因为后面是由and引导的并列分句。far from her school,but she always walked there 2._ 答案：butand指导：由上下文的逻辑关系可推断出。in the morning. All the pupils in the school

21、 was very young. 3._ 答案：waswere指导：句子的主语是pupils(复数)。In a very cold and windy morning, Miss Jones walked4._ 答案：InOn 指导：通常说inthemorningaftemoonevening；但是当它们与其他形容词或某些词组连用时需用on。nacoolroominginspring春天的一个凉爽的早晨；Onthepreviousfellowing evening在头天(第二天)晚上；On themoningOf the 4thOf September在9月4日的上午。to school,an

22、d the cold wind went into her eyes, 5._ 答案：schoolthe 指导：theschool指的是MissJones工作的那所学校。and big tears began rolling out of them. She arrived 6._ 答案：arrivedreached或arrivedat 指导：注意arrive是不及物动词，reach是及物动词。the school, opened the door and go into the classroom.7._ 答案：gowent指导：显然应该是一般过去时。It was nice and warm

23、 here and Miss Jones was 8._ 答案：happy. But then the small boy looked at her for a few9._ 答案：thea 指导：这个小男孩是上文中未提及的。seconds, put his arm on her and said kindly, 10._ 答案：onaround 指导：puthisarnlaroundher双臂抱住她。Dont cry,Miss. School isnt very bad. Passage 5One day,I was cooking in the kitchen as the 1._ 答案

24、：aswhen 指导：when此处是并列连词，“正当这时”，此时与as是 不可互换的。telephone rings. I went to answer it immediately. 2._ 答案：ringsrang 指导：由上下文的动词动态很容易作出判断。句意：一天，我正在厨房里做饭，突然电话铃响了。answer讧去接电话。She was my close friend, Lisa. When we were talking3._ 答案：SheIt 指导：it用来确定身份。on a phone,the fire alarm sounded. I ran back to the 4._ 答案

25、：athe指导：onthephone通电话，固定习语。kitchen. The room full of smoke and beef was badly 5._ 答案：fullwas指导：befull Of充满。burnt. I quickly turned off the gas, opening all the 6._ 答案：openingopened指导：turnedoffthegas，opened，and thenwent是三个并列的谓语动词。windows,and then went out of the house. In my 7._ 答案：InTo 指导：tosbssurpr

26、ise让某人吃惊的是。习语。surprise,two fire engines were outside my house. I 8._ 答案：was rather worried. I told about the firemen that it 9._答案：去掉about 指导：tellsbthat从句，告诉某人。 was my careless cooking which caused the heavy smoke.10._ X答案：whichthat 指导：强调句型中不用which句意：我告诉消防员，是我做 饭时的粗心导致浓烟滚滚。Passage 6We were driving a

27、long a narrow road while the car stopped 1. 答案：whilewhen指导：与passage 5中的第1题情况相同。working. We tried to fix it and there was nothing we2._ 答案：2andbut指导：句意：我们努力想把它修好，可是我们什么也干不成。could do. Paddy and I wanted go off for help, 3. _ 答案：wantedgoto指导：wanttodosth想要做某事。but Mike insisted in staying near the ear. H

28、e said it 4._ 答案：irton指导：insistondoingsth坚持要示做某事。习语。was best to stay until help arrived rather than go into5._ 答案：the forest and getting lost. However,Paddy and I did not6._ 答案：gettingget指导：getlost与gO into the forest是并列关系。agree and Paddy pointed to a path which he thought it would7._ 答案：去掉it 指导：whic

29、h引导定语从句，代指the path，在从句中作 would probably lead to avillage的主语，所以it 是多余的。probably lead to a village. We followed a path but 8. _ 答案：第二athe指导：thepath指的就是上文提到的可能通向某村庄的那条道。soon we lost. We walked on. After an hour or so, 9._ 答案：welostweregot指导：迷路说法有；getbelost；loseonesway。we began to feel frightening. 10.

30、_ 答案：frighteningfrightened指导：feel frightened感到害怕。frightening令人使人害怕。Passage 7 Japan is a beautiful country,covering with many 1._ Covering covered指导：covered witk短语相当于一个非限制性定语从句：，whichiscoveredwithtiny rivers and high mountains. Japan is also a pleased 2._ 答案：pleasedpleasant指导：apleasantcountry一个(气候)宜人

31、的国家。country. It is known for the land of the cherry blossom 3._ 答案：foras指导：be known as作为而著名；be known for因而著名，beknowntosb被某(些)人所熟知。句意：日本是著名的樱花之国。beeause of in the spring of year the cherry trees 4. _ 答案：去掉of指导：becaux。f是介词短语，其后不能接句子。are so beautiful. The japanese like gardens very much. 5._ 答案：Where a

32、re no natural gardens, the Japanese 6. _ 答案：Where后加there指导：where引导地点状语从句，从句是一个therebe结构的句子。句意：在没有天然花园的地方，日本人民建设了自己的花园。have made their own. Because the islands is hilly, 7._ 答案：isare 指导：主语和谓语应该保持数的一致。there is a great lack of the soil,so evey little bit 8. _ 答案：去掉the指导：soil这里表示泛指，故不可有定冠词。is used. No m

33、atter how tiny may be,every home has 9._ 答案：may前加it指导:no mattter how引导的从句中显然缺少主语，it 指Japanits own little garden. Japan is country worth visiting.10._ 答案：isa指导：日本是一个值得一去的国家。Passage 8 Last Sunday I went out to the lunch with my friend 1._ 答案：去掉the指导：一日三餐前一般不加冠词。当其前有形容词修饰时，可用a，如：a light breakfast量少的早餐；

34、I nevereat abigdinner.我向来饭量不大。George,who was very fat indeed. He likes sweet 2. _ 答案：wasis指导：由下文可知，这里是在介绍George的一个客观情况。food,as well as those rich foods. Not only George 3._ 答案：Georgedoes指导；not only引导的分句必须用部分倒装的语序。enjoy eating but he is a good eater well. Whenever 4. _ 答案：wellas指导：aswell也。固定习语。he eat

35、s out,he always eats a lot of food and spends 5._答案： too long time at a restaurant. When we sat at a table 6._答案：tiillea 指导：too long a time太长的一段时间，这里time指具体的一段时间。 in a restaurant,the waiter brought a tray filled of 7._答案：ofwith 指导：tidied with various foods装满各种各样的食物。相当于一个定语从句：which was filled withvar

36、ious foods. After eating a big meal,I told him that 8._答案：athe指导；thebigmeal指“那一盘子各种各样的食物”。 we must leave because we have been there 9._答案：havehad指导：根据上下文的时态可作出判断，此处应当使用过去完成时。 for 3 hours. But he insisted stay there. we 10._答案：staywe指导：insist后不可接动词原形作宾语。这里完整的表达是：But he insisted that we should stay th

37、ere同义表达为：Buthe insisted On ourstaying there cant leave now,for its already time for tea! Passage 9 My husband 96-year-old grandmother came to live 1._ 答案： husbandhusbands指导：“我丈夫的96岁高龄的祖母”，显然应当使用所有格形式。with us for many years of independence. We did 2._ 答案：forafter 指导：after many years Of independence多年的独居之后。all the thing we could to make her feel comfortable 3. _ 答案：thingthings指导：all the things所有的事情。in our home,including giving her the private line for 4._ 答案：thea 指导：aprivate line一块清静的场所。her bedroom. One evening we are having a party 5._ 答案：arewere指导：由上下文的时态可以作出判断。when the phone rang. I