2022年therebe用法小结 2.pdf

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1、there be 用法小结1. 基本结构There be + 主语 + 地点/ 时间状语。如：There is a computer in the room. 房间里有一台电脑。There are two TV plays every evening. 每晚有两场电视剧。2. 主谓一致要采取就近一致原则，和靠近be 的主语一致。如：There is a pen, two rulers in the box. 盒子里有一只钢笔，两把尺子。There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 门口有两个男孩，一个老师。3. 主语后的动词形式在 t

2、here be 句型中，主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词；是被动关系时用过去分词。如：There is a purse lying on the ground. 地上有一个钱包。There are five minutes left now. 现在还有 5 分钟。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 4. 反意疑问句。反意疑问句应与there be 对应，而不是依据主语。如：There is a radio on t

3、he table, isnt there? 桌子上有一台收音机，是吧？There are more than fifty classes in your school, arent there? 你们班有 50多名学生，是吧？5. there be 与 have 的替换there be 表示所属时可与have 替换。There is nothing but a book in my bag. = I have nothing but a book in my bag. 包里只有一本书。6. there be 后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：There is a lot of work

4、 to do. 有许多工作要做。注意：当该句型主语是something, anything, nothing 等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。There is nothing to do. 没有事可做。There is nothing to be done. 没有办法 (束手无策 )。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 7. 与其它词连用，构成复合谓语。如：There may be a

5、rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有雨。There used to be a cinema here before the war. 战争之前，这儿有一家电影院。8. 变体there be 结构中的 be 有时可用live, stand, remain 等代替。如：Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else. 从前有位国王喜欢新服胜过别的任何东西。9. 习惯用语There is no good /use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有好处 /用处；Ther

6、e is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽误。例如：There is no good making friends with him. 和他交朋友没有什么好处。He is very ill. Send him to hospital. Theres not a moment to lose. 他病得厉害，把他送到医院去，一刻也不能耽误。There be表示存在的 “ 有” ，他有各种时态，如 : 一般现在时： there is/are ；一般过去时： therewas/were 一般将来时： there will be；过去将来时： there would be；现在完

7、成时： there has/have been ；过去完成时： there had been 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 要特别注意 be going to 在 there be 句型中的运用。例如：There is going to be a film in the meeting hall. 学校礼堂里将有一场电影。还可扩展为许多其它句型，下面笔者对There be句型的扩展作一归纳。一 There b

8、e+ 主语这种句式表示事物的客观存在,There be放在句首 ,而把真正的主语放在后面,可以用来表示现在时、过去时、完成时和将来时。例如: There is a boy on the playground. 操场上有个男孩。There has been a lot of rain this month. 这个月雨水很多。There will be an announcement soon. 不久会发布告。二，There are + n （复数名词 /不可数名词） + and + n（复数名词 /不可数名词）该句型表示同一类人或物的不同性质，尤其表示有好坏优劣之分，意为“ 有各种各样的 ” 、

9、“ 种种不一 ” 等。如：There are friends and friends. 朋友有种种，有益友，有损友。There is tea and tea. 茶叶有好有差。三 There be+ 名词+分词这种句式中分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。 doing 表示动作和前面名词有主谓关系，过去分词done和前面名词有被动关系。如：There is a man sitting on the fence. 有个人正坐在篱笆上。There was a car stolen last night. 昨晚有辆车被偷了。这种句式可以用 主语+be+分词这一结构来代替。例如 : There is

10、a boy playing with a puppy in the yard. ( = A boy is playing witha puppy in the yard.) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩耍。There has been more money spent on armaments than on famine relief. (=More money has be

11、en spent on armaments than on famine relief.) 花在军备上的钱比花在救灾上的钱还多。四， There be+ 名词+动词不定式这种句式中的及物动词 (动词不定式 )也可改成被动式 , 意为(没)有要做。例如: There is a lot of work to do (to be done). 有许多工作要做。There was no time to wait for you. 没有时间再等你了。注意： There is nothing to do与 There is nothing to be done. 含义不同。 前者意为 :无事可做 ,后者意

12、为 没有办法 。试比较 : There is nothing to do-Im bored. 无事可做 -我感到闷得慌。 (=There is nothing to entertain me.) 没有什么活动来消遣。There is nothing to be done-well have to buy another one. 没有办法 -我们只好另外买一个了。 (= There is no way off putting it right.) 五 There is+no+动名词这种句式可与 It is impossible+动词不定式 替换,意为无法做某事 。例如 : There is n

13、o stopping him. (=It is impossible to stop him.) 无法阻止他。There is no guessing what will happen. 无法猜到将会发生什么。六， There is(no) need for+ 名词该句式意为 (不)需要。例如: 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - There is no need for anxiety. 不需要担心。There

14、is a great need for a book on this subject. 非常需要有一本关于这个题目的书。七， There is no need+ 动词不定式 .例如: There is no need for him to come. 不需要他来了。There is no need (for you) to start yet.( 你)现在还没有必要动身。八，There is no use+ 动名词该句式可与 It is no use+动名词 互换,意为无用(无济于事 )。例如 : There is no use waiting any longer.(=It is no us

15、e waiting any longer.) 再等下去是没有用的。There is no use(in) offering the olive branch now. 现在想和解也无济于事了。九， There is nothing / not anything like 该句型中 “nothing / not anything like”相当于“nothing / not anything better / more suitable than”， 意为“ 没有什么比更好/更合适 /更有效了 ” 。如：There is nothing like a book for taking you ou

16、t of yourself. 没有什么比书更能使你解脱自己了。There is nothing like walking as a means of keeping fit. 作为保持健康的方法 ,没有什么比散步更好的了。十， There is nothing more.than 该句式意为 再不过了 。例如 : There is nothing more dangerous than an illusion of security. 太平无事的想法是再危险不过的了。十一， There is no(not any) point in+动名词名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - -

17、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 该句式意为 : 是没有意义 (思)的。例如: There is no point in doing so. 这样做是没有意义的。There is not any point in harping on the same old tune. 没有必要再重复这一套。十二，情态动词及ought to，have to，used to用在 there be结构中。例如 : There must be something wrong with

18、the machine ，for it doesnt run well.机器一定出了毛病，因为他运转不正常。There oughtnt to be too great a difference in our views.我们的看法不应该存在太大的分歧。There might be some good songs after all this trash. 在播放了这些乱七八糟的歌曲之后,可能会放几首好歌。If the power hadnt been cut off so quickly, there could have been a big fire. 要不是迅速切断电源 ,可能会引发一场

19、大火。十三,There is a possibility of(或 that) 该句式表示 有可能。例如: There is a possibility of my going to Denmark. (= There is a possibility that I may be able to go to Denmark.) 我有可能去丹麦。十四, There+人称代词 +come(go)/there come(go)+ 名词该句式是 there作感叹词放在句首。如果主语是人称代词 ,则动词放在其后 ;如果主语是名词 ,则动词放在其前。例如 : There they come! 他们来了 !

20、 There comes the bus at last! 公共汽车终于来啦 ! 十五,. There+动词名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 这种句式只限于表示存在某种状态、发生某种事或某事、某人到达等动词,意义 比there be 结 构 格 更 为 生 动 贴 切 。 如live,lie seem,appear,happen tand,exist,arise,enter,come,go,remain ，exi

21、st,rise,occur,flow,arrive,enter,follow等。而不适用于表示一般具体行动的动词。例如: Many years ago，there lived an emperor who cared more for clothes than for anything else. 许多年前有位皇帝热衷于漂亮的衣服胜过其他东西。There stands a tall building across the river over there. 河对面耸立着一幢高层建筑物。There goes the bell. 铃响了。There comes a knock at the doo

22、r. 有人敲门。There remains one question to be discussed.还剩一个问题要讨论。There seems to be something wrong about it. 这事好像有点儿不大对头。There appears to be no one who can answer this question. 看来没人能够回答这个问题。There will follow an interval of five minutes. 随后将有五分钟的休息。十六，There are/is certain （sure，likely ）to be该结构的意义为肯定有 /

23、可能有。例如：Thereare like to be more difficulties than you were prepared for 。很可能会遇到你预想不到的困难。There are sure to be a restaurant some where。某处肯定有个饭店。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 十七， There +be+ed分词+to be常用动词有： say，expect，believe

24、，consider，think，mean ，构成信息来源模糊表达式。例如：There is/are said to be a number of wounded on both sides。据说双方都有不少受伤。There is/are expected to be an exciting film next week 。预计下周有一步精彩电影上演。十八 v + there to be该结构中的动词往往是： expect, want, intend, mean, consider, like, hate, prefer等接不定式做宾语的动词。如：We dont want there to be

25、 any students falling behind. 我们不想有任何学生落后。I should prefer there tobe no disscusion 。我希望没有讨论。动词 let 后接 there be 做宾语补足语。如：Let there be no mis under standing 。不要产生误会。十九 There being/having been是独立主格结构，在句中作状语。如：There having been no rain for a long time, the ground was burned black by the sun. 好长时间未下雨，大地都

26、给太阳烤焦了。二十 There（not） being/there（not） having been用作 ing 分词的复合结构在句中做主语或宾语。例如：There being a bus stop so near the house is an advantage。 （做主语）公共汽车站离家这末近是一很有利的条件。I dreamed of there being a holiday tomorrow 。我梦想明天有一假日。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 1

27、0 页 - - - - - - - - - 二十一， for ther to be 为不定式复合结构例如：For there to be no late comers was unusual。没人迟到这是不寻常的事。It is not cold enough for there to be frost 。天还不够冷不足以有霜冻。二十二， There is nothing for it but to do sth 该句型相当于 “There is no choice but to do sth”，意为 “ 别无他法，只能 ” 。如：There is nothing for it but to do what is required. 只能按要求去做了，别无他法。（=I have no choice but to do what it required. ）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - -