2022年人教版英语八年级下unit讲解与练习 2.pdf

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1、培生学堂八年级下Unit1 Whats the matter？1.What t the matter ? 怎么了？matter 此处为可数名词，意为“ 毛病；麻烦 ” ，通常用于句型Whats the matter with sb. ? 中。该问句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦。 What s the matter with him ? 他怎么了？ He has a headache . 他头痛。拓展：1 matter 还可作为不及物动词，意为“ 要紧，有关系 ” ，主要用于否定句，疑问句或者条件句中。It doesn t matter . 没有关系。Does it matter

2、if I m a bit late ? 我晚一会到有关系吗？2 ）.no matter 与 who , what , where 等连用，相当于whoever , whatever ,wherever 等，可引导让步状语从句。Don t open the door , no matter who comes . 不管谁来都别开口。2. I have stomachache . 我胃痛。Stomachache 为可数名词，意为“ 胃痛；腹痛 ”Eg: Mary didn t come to school yesterday because she had a stomachache. 拓展：在英

3、语中，一部分表示身体部位的名词加上名词ache（疼痛）后，可以构成合成名词。如 headache头痛， toothache 牙痛， stomachache胃痛， backache背痛， earache耳朵痛。3. She talked too much yesterday and didnt drink enough water . 她昨天说话太多，并且没有喝足够的水。（ 1）此处 too much 相当于一个副词，修饰动词talked ,放在后面作状语，意为“ 太多 ” 。Eg: She worried too much .Eating too much is bad for your he

4、alth. （ 2）此处 enough 为形容词，意为“ 足够的 ” 。修饰名词时，常放在名词前，且位置后置。Eg: It is good enough gor me .Is the water warm enough for you ?Enough 还可以构成句型搭配：be + adj.+enough+to do “足够 .做某事 ”Eg: Though he has grown up , he isnt brave enough to go out alone at night.4. Drink some hot tea with honey . 喝些加有蜂蜜的热茶。with 为介词，在此

5、处意为“ 加上；具有；带有” ，表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质，其反义词为without 。Eg: Would you like some tea with sugar ?China is a country with a long history .No man could live without water .拓展：名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 培生学堂八年级下1 with 意为 “ 和.在一起 ”M

6、r.Black is talking with a friend .2 with 意为 “ 用（工具、手段等）”You can cut it with a knife .3 with 表示方式、情况或者条件。She likes to sleep with the light on .The teacher came in with a smile on his face .例题解析： Would you like some coffee,please ? Yes , and please get some sugar . I prefer coffee_sugar .A . to B. for

7、 CwithDfrom5.You need to take breaks away from the computer . 你需要离开电脑休息几天。(1) need 在此处为实意动词，意为“ 需要 ” ，后面可接名词，代词，动名词及带有to 的不定式作宾语。Eg: We need to think twice about it .She needs your help .拓展：Need 作情态动词，意为“ 需要，必需 ” 。无人称和数的变化，否定式为needn t，后面一般接动词原形。 Need I finish the work today ? Yes, you must . / No ,y

8、o needn t .If she wants anything ，she need only ask .(2) break 此处用作可数名词，意为“ （课间的）休息” 。Eg: He sat under the big tree to take a break.There is a 10-minute break between classes .拓展：1break 作不及物动词，意为“ 碎；破 ” 。其过去式为broke,过去分词为broken 。Eg： Glasses breaks easily .2break 作及物动词，意为“ 弄碎，弄破 ” 。Eg: He broke his ri

9、ght leg last month .3break 作及物动词，意为“ 不遵守（法律，规则等）” 。Eg: The teacher is talking to the student who broke the rules .6. I think you should lie down and test . 我认为你应该躺下休息。（1）lie (lay , lain , lying) 此处为不及物动词，意为“ 躺；卧 ”Eg: Don t lie in bed all morning .名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

10、- - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 培生学堂八年级下He found a dog lying at the door .拓展：1lie 作为不及物动词，意为“ 撒谎，说谎 ” ，过去式和过去分词均为lied,现在分词为lying 。Eg: You are lying to me .2lie 作可数名词，意为“ 谎言，假话 ”Eg: I know he told a lie just now .I believe that it is a white lie .3lay 动词，意为 “ 产卵，下蛋 ” ，过去式和过去分词

11、均为laid .Eg: The hens are not laying well at the moment .(2) rest 常作可数名词，意为“ 休息 ”Eg: You must take a tes from your work 7. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow , then go to a doctor . 如果明天你的头和脖子还痛的话，就去看医生。（1）此处连词if 引导条件状语从句，意为“ 如果，假如 ” 。Eg: If she arrives in New York , Ill telephone you .例题解析： I

12、 wonder if the psychologist will come to our school this weekend . If he _， we will be very excited .A.come B. comes C. will come D .came (2) go to a doctor 为固定短语，意为“ 看医生 ” ，相当于go to see a doctor .Eg: Bill went to a doctor yesterday .Don t take any medicine before going to a doctor .8.He got off and

13、 asked the woman what happened . 他下了车，问那个妇女发生了什么事。（1）get off 为“ 动词 +副词 ” 结构的短语，人称代词作宾语时，应放在动词与副词之间，此处意为 “ 下车 ” 。辨析：1 get off 意为 “ 下（汽车、火车、飞机等）”The first passenger to get off the bus was a woman .2 get on 意为 “ 登上（汽车、 火车、 飞机等） ” ，后面常跟较大的交通工具，反义词为 get off When I got on the bus ,I saw my teacher sitting

14、 there .3get into 意为 “ 进入（小汽车、出租车、电梯等）” ，后面常跟较小的交通工具。反义词为 get out of He got into a taxi and left .名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 培生学堂八年级下4get out of 意为 “ 从（小汽车、出租车、直升飞机等）下来”She got out of the car and wen into the hall .例题解

15、析：Don t _the bus until it stops .A. turn off B.put on C.get off D.set up (2) happen 为及物动词，意为“ 发生 ”1当表示 “ 某人或者某物发生某事” 时，某人或者某物必须放在介词to 后面，用句型sth. Happens to sb./sth.来表达What has happened to Judy ?2当用作 “ 碰巧 ” 时，常用句型sb. Happens to do sth.和 It happens + that 从句She happened to meet her friend in the books

16、tore .It happened that I had no money with me .9.Mr.Wang knew he had to act quickly . 王先生知道他必须快点行动。have to 不得不，后面接动词原形辨析： have to 和 must 1have to 强调客观上的需要；must 强调主观上的必要性。I have to tidy up the room . （客观需要）I must tidy up the room . （主观想法）2have to 有人称，数和时态变化，可用于一般现在时，一般过去时或一般将来时等；must 无人称，数，时态变化，主要用于一

17、般现在时。Does he have to stay here ?Must she finish her homework first ?3它们的否定形式不同。don t have to 表示 “ 不必要，不需要”must t 表示 “ 禁止，不允许，不应该”You don t have to help him .You mustn t help him 10.But to his surprise ,they all agreed to go with him . 但出乎他的意料，他们都同意和他一起去。（1）to one s surprise 为固定结构， 意为 “ 使某人惊讶的是. ”类似结

18、构还有to one t joy 使人开心的是； to one s disappointment 令人失望的是； to one s satisfaction 使某人满意的是To his surprise , she won the first prize .(2) agree 为及物动词。后面可跟名词，代词，动词不定式或者宾语从句。辨析：1agree to 后面接计划或者建议。 I agree to your plan .名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 13

19、 页 - - - - - - - - - 培生学堂八年级下2agree on 后面接日期或者条款。They agreed on these terms .3agree with 后面接人或者意见。I agree with you .11.The old man got to the hospital in time . 那位老人及时到达了医院。get to 意为 “ 到达 ” 。此处 get 为补给物动词，当后面接地点名词时，要加上介词to .辨析：1get 不及物动词，后面可接地点名词作宾语要加介词to.要是接地点副词home, here 和there 不用 to .I get home a

20、t 7:00 P.m. every day .What time shall we get to Beijing ?2arrive 不及物动词，可直接跟地点副词；加上介词at/in 后，才能接地点名词。 （大地点用in；小地点用at）3reach 及物动词，其后可接跟地点名词，也可跟地点副词。I reached Beijing the day before yesterday .We reached here on foot .Section B1.Put on a clean T-shirt .穿上意见干净的T 恤衫。put on 为“ 动词 +副词 ” 短语， 意为 “ 穿上； 戴上 ”

21、。代词作其宾语时，须放在 put on 的中间。He put on a coat and went out .辨析：1put on “穿衣 ” 表动作2wear “ 穿衣 ” 及物动词，表状态3dress “给.传衣服 ” 及物动词，宾语只能为人。4（be）in “穿着 ” 后面接表衣服的名词或表示颜色的形容词，表状态。be in 同 be dressed in 例题解析：1._warm clothes, or you ll catch a cold .2.The children are _nice clothes today .3.The girl _red is his daughter

22、.4.I _ him every morning .2. Told him to rest .Tell 为及物动词， tell sb. (not) to do sth. 意为 “ 告诉某人（不要）做某事” 。He told me to write a report .名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 培生学堂八年级下The police told the children not to play in the s

23、treet .例题解析：Tell the children _unhealthy food . Its bad for their health.A.not to eat B.not eating C.to eat D.eating 3.Have problem breathing . 呼吸困难。（1）have problems (in)doing sth. 为固定短语，意为“ 做某事有问题或困难” ，同意短语为have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.He had problems (in) learning English grammar .He h

24、as no problem (in) singing the song .4.Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing .阿伦罗尔斯顿是一个对爬山很感兴趣的美国人。（1）此处 who is .为定语从句，修饰名词man ,who 为关系代词。当被修饰词为人时，常用关系代词who 或者 that 引导定语从句。Do you know the girls who / that are dancing ?The man that / who you are waiting for wont come

25、.(2) be interested in 为固定短语，意为“ 对.感兴趣 ” ，相当于 take interest in .Interesting “引起兴趣的，有趣的” 。作表语或定语，修饰物。Interested “ 感兴趣的 ” 只作表语，主语为人。一言辨析： I m interested in the interesting things . 我对那些有趣的事物感兴趣。例题解析：The story is _and all of us are _in it .A.interest;interesting B.interesting;interestC.interested;intere

26、sting D.interesting;interested5.As a mountain climber ,Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。（1）此处 as 为介词，意为 “ 作为 ” 。As a party member , I must be strict with myself .He works in the hotel as a cook .(2) 此处be used to 意为 “ 习惯于 .; 适应于 .”,后面接名词、代词或动名词。He is used to hard work .She is used to gett

27、ing up early .(3) take risks 意为 “ 冒险 ” ，相当于take a risk 。You can t get rich without taking risks .They were taking a risk when they did that .6.There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents .有许多次阿伦因为（意外）事故几乎失去生命。（1）此处 time 为可数名词，意为“ 次数 ” 。How many times have you been to Pa

28、ris ?He failed his driving test five times .(2) almost 副词，意为 “ 几乎，差不多 ” 。Almost all the guests are here .名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 培生学堂八年级下He has almost finished his work .(3) 辨析because of 和 because 1 because of “因为 ”

29、 ，介词短语，后面接名词或者代词。I didn t go because of the rain .2 because “因为 ” ，连词，引导原因状语从句。He didn t come to school because he was ill .7.He was not ready to die that day . 他不愿那天死去。(1) ready 为形容词，意为“ 准备好的，乐意的，愿意的” ，常作表语。Lunch is ready .Have you got everything ready ?拓展：1be ready to do sth. “准备好了做某事” ，主要强调已经准备好了

30、要做某事，表示即将去做。We are ready to answer the questions .She is always ready to help others .2 be ready for “为.准备好 ”He was ready for the death .(2) die (died , died , dying ) 为不及物动词，意为“ 死，死亡 ”His parents died long ago .Nowadays many people die of cancers .The man is dying . 那个人就要死了。拓展：die 的形容词形式为dead , 名词形

31、式为death 。A dead person can t speak .Her grandmother has been dead for two years .Many people fear death .His death is heavier than Mount Tai .8.So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm . 因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。（1）use sth. to do sth. “用某物做某事”I use my pen to write a letter .I use a knife to cut app

32、les . = I use a knife for cutting apples .(2) cut off 为固定短语，意为“ 切除，切断 ” 。When was the telephone cut off ?拓展：常见的与cut 有关的短语：cut down 砍到，减少cut up 切碎cut in 插入 插嘴9.Then , with his left arm , he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood .然后，他用左臂给自己打上绷带以至于他不会失去太多的血。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - -

33、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 培生学堂八年级下（1）此处 with 意为 “ 用（工具或器具等）” 。You can cut it with a knife .辨析： with 与 in with : 介词， “ 用（工具） ”They eat with forks .I ll have to see it with my own eyes .In : 介词， “ 用（语言，声音，材料等）” 。She can give a talk in English .

34、He talked to her in a low voice .(2) 此处 so that 引导结果状语从句，意为 “ 以至于 ” 。She got up late so that she missed the early bus .He has his head in bandages .例题解析：Mr.Green speaks very loudly _all the people can hear him .A.when B.so that C.because 10. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on

35、 climbing mountains even at=fter this experience .他对登山如此快以至于即使这次经历之后他还继续爬山。（1）keep on doing sth.意为 “ 继续做某事 ” 。The students are keeping on reading .She kept on working although she was tired .拓展：1keep doing sth.“继续不停地做某事”Keep going until you reach the end of road .2keep sb. Doing sth.“使某人一直做某事”Dot ke

36、ep your mother waiting.3keep sb, from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”You shouldn t keep him from watching cartoons .(2) experience 此处用作可数名词“ 经历 ” 。11. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesnt mind taking risks .阿伦喜爱爬山，不介意冒险。此处 mind 为动词，意为“ 介意；在乎 ” 。后面可接动名词作宾语，但不能跟动词不定式。I don t mind at all .Do you mind if I open

37、 the window ?Would you mind parking your car there ?例题解析： Would you mind _the window ? Its very hot . No, not at all .A.open B.to open C.opening 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 培生学堂八年级下单元练习一、单项选择（每小题1 分 ，共15 分）1. Kelly, who

38、s the girl_glasses in the photo?-一 It s me. I used to wear glasses and have long hair.A. by B. of C. on D. with2. Students shouldnt go to school_breakfast. Its bad for their health.A. with B. without C. for D. by3. Victor can play_ piano. He can join the music club.A. a B. an C. the4. How do you lik

39、e Li Yundi?- A cool guy! His music_ really beautiful.A. tastes B. sounds C. smells D. looks5. 一 M um ，I m not feeling well. Oh, dear! _A. What s wrong? B. Not at all. C. All right.6.Young people today _ posting wonderful articles and beautiful photos onto the micromes- sage(微信） to share with friends

40、.A. are afraid of B. are used to C. are worried about7. Andrea Bocelli never_ ，which makes him a successful singer.A. takes away B. gives away C. gets up D. gives up8.He hurried back home_ his schoolbag.A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches9. Why did you get up late this morning? _I stayed u

41、p late last night, A. Because B. So C. Because of D. But10. What s the matter with you?一 I_a headache.A. have B. take C. make D, like11. To our_, the little girl is the first to go to bed.A. surprises B. surprise C. surprised D. surprising12. - -What did your sister do?-She_the bus at the bus stop a

42、nd went home.A. got to B. got up C. got down D. got off13. What did you see? I saw many boys_ games near the river.A. played B. playing C. plays D. to play14. It s _own business(事情）Please do it yourself.A. you B. your C. yours D. his15. My father often cooks some delicious food_for us at home.A. her

43、self B. ourselves C. himself D. yourselves二 、完形填空(共 10 分)Mr. and Mrs. Green were very worried about their son, Leo. He seemed to be dumb( 哑的）15 he was normal in every other way. Mr. and Mrs. Green tried everything to get him to 17 ,but with no success.When Leo was six years old, the best 名师资料总结 - -

44、-精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 培生学堂八年级下doctors in the town 18 him carefully, but could find nothing wrong. And he seemed to be smart. It was just that he _19 spoke.“ There might be something wrong with his 20 ，and he doesnt know hes

45、able to speak， ，one doctor said.“But he can read and write， ， ，said Mr. Green. “We ve written him notes, telling him that he can speak. ”“ It s certainly very 21 ，” another doctor said. Perhaps hell be able to speak some day. ”22 passed. Leo went to university. But he did not say a 23 word. Then one

46、 day,Leo was having a meal with his parents. Without any warning, he looked up from his 24 and said，“ Pass me the salt,please. ”Mr. and Mrs. Green were excited. “You spoke! You spoke!” they cried. “ Why have you 25 so long to speak?” “I didnt have anything to say， ， ，he said. “Until now everything w

47、as perfect. But you forgot to put salt in potatoes. ”16. A. because B. when C. though D. before17.A. speak B. walk C. play D. laugh18. A. taught B. found C. examined D. asked19. A. never B. often C. usually D. always20.A. back B. hair C. face D. mind21. A. unfair B. strange C. noisy iet22. A. Hours

48、B. Weeks C. Months D. Years23. A. good B. right C. single D. new24. A. chair B. meal G. hands D. books25. A. slept B. walked C. served D. waited三、阅读理解（每小题2 分 ，共40 分）A It s important for us to be healthy. But how can we keep healthy? First,you should eat fruit and vegetables three or four times a wee

49、k. Then eat some tofu every day because its good for people, both the young and the old. Milk is also necessary( 必要的）， especially for women. So you should have milk twice & day. It can help you to be strong. Next, doing more exercise is better. You can do morning exercises or evening exercises. Afte

50、r supper you should take a walk.26. You should eat_ three or four times a week.A. fruit and fish B. vegetables and muttonC. tofu D. fruit and vegetables27. Tofu is good for _.A. young people B. old people C. young and old people D. students28. Why do people have milk?A. It ，s delicious.B. Its a kind