八下英语Unit7知识点.docx

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1、Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the worldSection A1. 世界上最高的山是什么？Whats the highest mountain in the world 1) the highest mountain最高的山 adj的最高级 2) high adj. 高的 highhigher-highest 3) in the world 世界上 2. 在英语中表示 事物的长宽高 等时, 其表达方式是 数字 (基数词)+ 表示度量的名词+ adj. 1) 表示度量的名词有: meter, kilometer, foot 2) adj 有: 长的

2、long, 宽的 wide, 高的high, tall ; 深的 deep, 3) 1025米深=1025 meters deep deepdeeper-deepest 4) 6671千米长 = 6671 kilometers long longlonger- longest 5) 8843.43 米高= 8843.43 meters high 6) 1.8 米高= 1.8 meters tall talltaller-tallest3. 面积大约960万平方千米 about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size 1) in size 在尺寸上, 在面积上 i

3、n +名词 2) in depth 在深度上 in width 在广度上 in length 在长度上4. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 1) higher than 形容词的比较级, than 是标记词 2) 其他任何一个 any other +可数名词单数, 表示在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其别人或物 3) He is taller than any other boy in his class.= He is the tallest boy in his c

4、lass. 他比班里其他任何一个男生都高, 同义句, 他是班上最高的男生. 4)= Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.5. 世界上最大的沙漠 the biggest desert in the world 在全部咸水湖中最深的 the deepest of all the salt lakes咸水湖 the salt lakes 最长的河流 the longest river longlonger- longest6. 中国是世界上人口最多的国家. China has the biggest population in the wo

5、rld. 1) population 是一个集体名词, 意思是:人口, 人口数量, 常及the连用, 单独作主语时谓语动词常用三单 2) 表示人口多少用large 或small 3) 询问人口用: Whats the population of？ 4) 某地有多少人口用:have/has a population of +数字7. 它比美国的人口要多得多. Its a lot bigger than the population of the US. 1) a lot来修饰比较级bigger 2) much, even, still, far, a little, a lot, a bit一共

6、7个, 都可以修饰比较级8. 它比美国的历史长得多. It has a much longer history than the US. 1) much 来修饰比较级longer 2) have a long history 有着悠久的历史9. 中国几乎和美国一样大, 它是亚洲最大的国家. China is almost as big as the US, and it is the biggest country in Asia. 1) asas，中间是形容词或副词原级 和一样 2) country n. 国家 可数名词 countries10. 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一 Do y

7、ou know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world 1) 宾语从句， 从句用陈述语序 2) one of + the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数 最之一 one of the biggest countries 最大的国家之一 one of the oldest cities 最古老的城市之一 3) “one of + the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数作主语时, 谓语动词用单数11. Feel free to ask me anything on todays Great Wall tour.针对今日的长城之旅

8、，大家可以自由提问我任何问题。1) tour n 旅行 tourist n 旅游者 tour guide 导游2) travel v 旅行 traveller n 旅游者 travelling adj. 旅行的 travel to 到旅行 travel all over the world. 周游世界 3) feel free to do sth (可以)随意做某事12. 长城有多长 How long is the wall how high, how wide, how deep 1) how long 提问物体的长度或时间的长短对长度提问 How long is the table Abo

9、ut 1.2 meters.对时间提问，常用for或since引导的时间状语来答复。 How long does it take you to do your homework in the evening For two hours. 晚上做作业花了你多长时间？ 2个小时.13. 这让它成为了世界上最长的墙. This makes it the longest wall in the world.14. Wow，thats amazing! 哇， 真令人惊讶！【解析】amazing adj. 惊人的，令人惊讶的15. 为什么古代的皇帝们建立这堵墙？ Why did the ancient e

10、mperors build the wall 1) 古代的 ancient adj. 2) build v. 建立 过: built n. building 建筑物16. 主要缘由是爱护他们那部分的国土. The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 1) the main reason 主要缘由 2) protect v. “爱护 We should protect children. 3) Protect sb./ sth from (doing sth)爱护某人/ 某物使其不受Protect your eyes fro

11、m the sun. 不要让阳光损害你的眼睛。17. As you can see , its quite tall and wide. 正如你所看到的,长城特别高，也特别宽广。【解析】as 一样，正如 用来引导状语从句 I was surprised as he opened the door. prep. 作为 I get job as a teacher.18. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，没有任何一个人造物有长城这么长。 1) as far as I know据我所知as fa

12、r as “就.来说，至于. , 引导状语从句，强调范围或程度，常及动词know, see,等连用，可放在句首或句中。 as far as I can remember 据我所记得的 as far as I can see 依我所见 2) 人造物体 man-made objects19. 世界上最危急的山 the most dangerous mountain 形容词的最高级danger n. 危急 (be) in danger 处于危急之中 (be) in great danger 处于极大危急之中 (be) out of danger 脱离危急20. one of + the +形容词最高

13、级+ 名词复数 之一 此构造作主语时, 谓语动词用单数 1) one of the worlds most dangerous sports 世界上最危急的运动之一 2) one of the most popular places 最受欢迎的地方之一 3) one of the main reasons 一个主要的缘由21. mountain climbing 登山运动 名词性短语 climb mountains 爬山 动词短语22. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. 喜马拉雅山绵延在中国西南部。 1) 谓语: r

14、un along 绵延 2) southwestern 西南方向的 3) 类似用法: western adj. 西方的 eastern adj. 东方的23. Of all the mountains , Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.在全部的山峰中， 珠穆朗玛峰最高，最出名。【解析】 famous = well know adj. 闻名的， 出名的1) be famous for 因而闻名 某人因某种学问、技能或特征而知名China is famous for the Great Wall and Pandas2) b

15、e famous as 作为.而知名 某人以某种身份而知名Lu Xun was famous as a writer.24. 它高达8844.43米, 因此珠穆朗玛峰是特别危急去攀登的. It is 8,844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb. 1) 2) to climb 作定语修饰 dangerous25. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 比这 更严峻的困难包括冰冻的天气条件和剧烈的暴风雨

16、。 1) 主语: more serious difficulties 谓语: include 2) include v 包括 including prep 包括放在被包括的对象之前 3) freezing adj. 冻冰的；结冰的freeze v Today it is freezing cold.4) condition 条件；状况 out of condition 担心康，身体不好；in good condition 状况良好；完好26. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 并且越接近顶部呼吸越困难。1)

17、 Its 句型 2) take in 吸入； 吞入体内 take after外貌相像 take away 拿开 take down 写下，登记 take off 起飞；脱下 take it easy 别惊慌 take pictures照相 take care of 照看，照料 3) as 当时候27. 在1953年5月29日, 首次登上山顶的是丹增诺尔盖和埃德蒙希拉里.The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May29,1953. 1) 主语: the first people 2)

18、 第一个做的人 the first to do sth第一个完成作业的人 the first person to finish the homework28. The first Chinese team did so in 1960 , while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 1960年第一支中国登山队登上了顶峰，1975年日本的田部井淳子成为第一个胜利登上顶峰的女子。1) while conj. 然而 (连接并列句 He is a worker while I am a doctor. con

19、j . 当.的时候，引导时间状语从句While I was doing my homework ,my mother came in .2) 第一个胜利地女士 the first woman to succeed 3) succeed v. 胜利 4) succeed in doing sth 胜利地做某事 5) succeed v 胜利，到达 success n 胜利successful adj. 胜利的successfully adv胜利地 29. Why do so many climbers risk their lives 为什么这么多登山者情愿冒生命危急？1) climber n.

20、 登山者 攀登者 可数名词climbers2) risk ones life to do sth 某人舍命做某事 There is a risk of sth/ doing sth 有做某事的危急 take risks 冒险30. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 最主要的缘由之一是因为人们在面临困难的时候想挑战自我。1) challenge v/n 挑战 challenge oneself 挑战某人face a challeng

21、e 面临挑战challenge sb. to sth向某人挑战 He challenged me to a race.他向我挑战赛跑。challenge sb. to do sth 向某人挑战2) in the face of 面对问题、困难等They showed courage in the face of danger. 面对危急他们表现出了志气。31. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者们的精神告知我们， 我们应当从不

22、放弃实现自己的幻想。 1) 主语: the spirit 精神 谓语: shows 2) 这些登山者们的精神 the spirit of these climbers 3) 放弃做某事 give up doing sth4achieve v 获得；到达； 实现 achievement n 完成； 成果achieve ones dream = ones dream comes true实现某人的幻想词条是否接宾语用法achieve是主语一般为“人come true否主语一般是“幻想；志向32. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger

23、 than the forces of nature.它还告知我们， 人类有时候比自然的力气更强大。 1) human n 人；人类 No human could live like this .没有人能这样生活。 2)force n 力气； the forces of .的力气 The force of human is great. V. 迫使；强迫 force sb. to do sth 强迫某人做某事Nobody can force me to do something. 3) nature 不行数名词 “自然界；大自然nature natural adj. 自然地in nature

24、在自然界33. 为什么即使它很危急还有那么多的人设法攀登这座山？ Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous 1) even though= even if 即使, 虽然 引导让步状语从句 2) Even though Tom left school at 16, he still became a successful writer. 即使Tom16岁时就分开了学校, 但他仍旧成为了一名胜利地作家.34. 世界上最长的河流之一 one of the longest rivers in

25、 the world35. 世界上没有和太平洋一样大的海洋. No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean. 1) 主语: no ocean 谓语: is 2) no one 没有人 作主语时谓语动词用单数 No one knows his name. 没人知道他的名字.36. 我们城市中最高的建筑物是什么？ What is the highest building in our city 1) building n. 建筑物 可数名词 buildings 2) build v. 建立 过: builtSection B 1. 大象是

26、350厘米高. The elephant is 350 cm tall.2. 大象重5000千克. The elephant weighs 5,000 kilos. 1) 谓语: weigh v. 重量是 2) weight n. 重量, 体重 lose weight 减肥3. 大象每天吃150千克食物. The elephant eats 150 kilos of food a day. 1) eat v. 吃 过: ate eating4. 双腿站立 stand on two legs5. The elephant weights many times more than this pan

27、da.这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的许多倍。【解析1】weigh v 称的重量 weight n 重量【记】 She weighs herself every day and wants to lose weight.【解析2】time “是.的几倍主语 + 数词 + times + as +形容词+ as +被比较的内容Our new school is four times bigger than the old one. “次数 一次 once 两次 twice 三次及三次以上 ： 基数词 + times three times 三次 three or four times 三到四次【短语】

28、many times 许多倍 last time (在)上次时 every time 每次/每回 each time 每当时 the first time 第一次时 next time (当)下次时 【句型】Itstimeforsth.或Itstime(forsb.)todosth.意为：该是的时候了Itstimefordinner.该是吃晚餐的时候了。Itstimeforchildrentogotobed.是小孩睡觉的时候了。 6. At birth, a baby panda is about 0.1 to 0.2 宝宝约到公斤. 1) a baby panda 小熊猫宝宝 2) at b

29、irth 诞生时 用作时间状语 3) give birth ( to sb/ sth) 生孩子；产仔7. 他没有牙齿. It has no teeth. 1) tooth n. 牙齿 可数名词 复数是: teeth 2) 刷牙 brush ones teeth 3) 牙疼 have a toothache8. A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years. 一只熊猫活20年到30年. 1) up to 高达 up to +数量词 到达 某数量、程度等；至多I can take up to four people in my car. 我车里最多坐4个人. 2) 直

30、到 如今Up to now , Tony has been very quiet 3) be up to sb. “由某人确定 Shall we go out or stay in Its up to you.9. 一只成年的大熊猫的重量是一只熊猫宝宝的许多倍. An adult panda weighs many times more than a baby panda. 1) 主语: an adult panda 谓语: weighs 2) adult n. 成年人 可数名词 adults adult adj. 成年的 3) an adult panda 一只成年的大熊猫 a baby p

31、anda 一只大熊猫宝宝 4) many times 许多倍10. 在成都探讨基地 at the Chengdu Research Base 1) research 通常用作不行数名词 2) 做探讨 do some research (on )11. 大熊猫饲养员正在打算大熊猫宝宝们的早餐牛奶. Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas breakfast.1) panda keepers 大熊猫饲养员 keeper n. 饲养员, 保管人 可数名词2). preparefor 为打算3) prepare sth.表示打算.，后接

32、名词或代词作宾语。Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office. 我进办公室时，我们的英语老师在备课。4) prepare to do sth.表示打算做.。They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正打算过河，突然下雨了。5). prepare for sth.表示为.做打算。12. 大多数的大熊猫宝宝已经醒来并且饿了. Most of the babies are already awake and hu

33、ngry. 1) baby n. 婴儿,宝宝 可数名词 复数是:babies 2) awake adj. 醒着的 反义词: asleep adj. 睡着的 3) awake 常用于be, stay, keep之后13. When the babies see the keepers, they run over to them with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over! 当熊猫幼崽们看到饲养员时便冲动地跑了过来，有些甚至撞倒它们的伙伴，绊倒在地！1) run over 跑向 run r

34、an run running runner赛跑的人【短语】runafter追逐,追求 runawayfrom从跑掉;躲避 runout(某物)被用完 runoutof用完(某物) runinto无意间遇到,和相撞2) excitement n. 冲动；兴奋 excited adj. 冲动的, 兴奋的 be excited about 对感到冲动 to ones excitement 使某人兴奋的是3) 走路时撞着 walk into 4fall over 绊倒 fall 过: fellfall “落下，跌落，着陆，指在重力的作用下落下，或失去平衡而跌落The leaves fall in th

35、e autumn. 秋天树叶落下.14. 大熊猫饲养员之一 one of the panda keepers 15. 他们特别聪慧得意. They are so cute and lovely. 1) cute adj. 美丽的; 娇小得意的; 机智的，精明的 2) lovely adj. 得意的, 美丽的 friendly, lonely 都是以ly结尾的形容词16. 他们对我来说真的特别特别. They are very special to me.17. 这些黑白相间的动物 these black and white animals18. 大熊猫已经变得如此受欢迎以致于它们如今是中国的一

36、种象征. Pandas have become so popular that they are now a symbol of China. 1) 已经变得 have become 如今完成时 have/ has + 动词过去分词 2) become v. 过: became 过去分词: become 3) 一种的象征 a symbol of 19. 科学家们说, 如今生活在森林里的大熊猫缺乏2000只. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the forests.1) fewer 比较级 少于 fewe

37、r than + 可数名词复数 less than + 不行数名词2) There is/ are +sb/ sth + doing sth 有正在做某事的人或物20. 在中国和其它国家的动物园或探讨中心生活着另外300 只左右的大熊猫.Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries. 1) 主语: another 300 谓语: live 2) another 意为: 另一, 又一, 常放在数字之前， 即another + 基数词+ 名词如: We stayed there for

38、 another 3 days. 我们在那儿又呆了3天. 3) or so 大约, 位于数字或表示时间的名词之后, 相当于about或around21. 大熊猫产仔并不多, 或许每两年仅产一只. Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years. 1) every two years 每两年22. The babies often die from illness and do not live very long. 大熊猫宝宝常死于疾病，并且活不久。1) die v. 非持续性动词 death n. 死，死亡 dea

39、d adj. 死的 dying adj. 将死的2) die from 死于 die from + 外因 “死于，主要指事故等方面的外部缘由。die from a traffic accident 死于交通事故 The old man died from a car accident last year. 这个老人去年死于一场车祸3) illness n. 疾病；病 可数名词 复数是: illnessesill /sick 共同点：生病的；有病的 不同点：ill adj.生病的；有病的作表语，不能作定语 be ill in hospital 生病住院 sick 作表语/作定语，病人a sick

40、 man 或the sick,She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。She is looking after her sick father .她在照看她生病的父亲。【拓展】sick 恶心的；厌倦的 The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心。4) kind kindness happy happiness 23. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.成年熊猫每天花12个小时来吃掉大约10公斤的竹子。1) spend (in) d

41、oing 花时间做某事2) spend/pay/cost/take 花费(1)spendspentspent v 花费,主语是人 sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth sb. +spend +时间/钱+in doing sthspend on= pay for 支付He spends too much time on the computer games.(2) pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人 sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.(3) cost cost cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事sth cost

42、 sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱A new computer costs me a lot of money.(4)taketooktaken v 花费It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.24. 人类开始砍伐这些森林. Humans started to cut down these forests. 1) 开始做某事 start to do sth 2) 砍到 cut down25. 由于森林渐渐减小以及其它人类活动造成更多的问题, 大熊猫找不

43、到足够的吃的, 它们将产更少的大熊猫宝宝. As the forests get smaller and other human activities cause more problems, pandas cannot find enough to eat and they are having fewer babies. 1) get smaller 变得更少 other human activities 其它人类活动 2) 找到足够的吃的 find enough to eat 3) fewer babies 更少的宝宝 fewer+ 可数名词复数26.其它濒危的野生动物 other en

44、dangered wild animals endangered adj. 濒危的27. 挽救这些动物的重要性 the importance of saving these animals28. 科学家们正在进展探讨, 以便于更好地理解大熊猫的习性. Scientists are doing research to better understand the habits of pandas. 1) 做探讨 do research 2) 更好地理解 better understand better来修饰动词understand29. 我们都盼望将来能有更多的大熊猫. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas. a lot 来修饰比较级more