人教版八年级下册英语语法解析知识重点总结排版.docx

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1、新目的英语八年级(下)重点短语及句型总结Unit 1 Will people have robots1. fewer people 更少的人（fewer 修饰名词复数，表示否认）2. less free time 更少的空闲时间（less 修饰不行数名词，表示否认）3. in ten years 10年后（in 的时间短语用于将来时，提问用 How soon）4. fall in love with 爱上例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once.当我第一次见到许教师，我立即爱上他。5. liv

2、e alone 单独居住6. feel lonely 感到孤独（比拟：live alone/ go alone 等）The girl walked alone along the street, but she didnt feel lonely.那女孩单独沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独。7. keep/ feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪8. fly to the moon 飞上月球9. hundreds of + 复数 数百/几百（概数，类似还有 thousands of; millions of）10. the same as 和一样11. A be different from

3、B A与B不同 (= There is a difference/ Thgere are differences between A and B)12. wake up 醒来 (wake sb. up 表示“唤醒某人”)13. get bored 变得厌倦（get/ become 是连系动词，后跟形容词如 tired/ angry/ excited 等）14. go skating 去滑冰（类似还有 go hiking/ fishing / skating/ bike riding 等）15. lots of/ a lot of 很多（修饰可数名词、不行数名词都可以）16. at the we

4、ekends 在周末17. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见)19. I dont agree. = I disagree. 我不同意。20. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上（留意 paper/ information/ news/ work/ homework/ housework 等常考到的不行数名词）21. on vacation 度假22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth. 扶植某人做某事23. many different kinds of

5、goldfish 很多不同种金鱼24. live in an apartment 住在公寓里；live on the twelfth floor 住在12楼25. live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332号26. as a reporter 作为一名记者27. look smart 显得精神/看起来聪慧28. Are you kidding 你在骗我吗？29. in the future 在将来/在将来30. no more = not anymore 不再（强调屡次发生的动作不再发生）31. no longer = not any longer 不再（强

6、调状态不再发生）32. besides（除之外还，包括）与except = but（除之外，不包括）33. be able to 与 can 能；会 （be able to 用于各种时态，而 can 只能用于一般如今时态和一般过去时态中；have to 用于各种时态，而 must 只能用于一般如今时态）例如： I have been able to/ will be able to speak two languages. （不行以用 can） had to stay at home/ will have to （不行以用 must）34. be big and crowded 大而且拥挤34

7、. be in college 在上高校35. live on a space station 住在空间站36. dress casually 穿得很随意；casual clothing 休闲服饰37. win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯；win award 获奖38. come true 变成现实39. take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间40. be fun to watch 看起来好玩41. over and over again 一次又一次42. be in different shapes 形态不同43. twenty years fro

8、m now 今后20年本单元目的句型： 1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future. fewer；less 表示否认之意，分别修饰可数名词和不行数名词；more 二者都可以修饰。3. Will kids go to school No, they wont/ Yes, they will。4. Predicting the future can be difficult.5. I n

9、eed to look smart for my job interview.6. I will be able to dress more casually.7. I think Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electri

10、c toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.本单元语法讲解：一般将来时1. 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标记词： 含 tomorrow; next 短语； in + 段时间 ； how soon； by + 将来时间； by the time sb. do ； 祈使句句型中：or/ and sb. will do； 在时间/条件状语从句中，假如从句用一般如今时，主句用将来时； another day 比拟 be going to 与 will: be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间

11、则较远一些。如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.2. be going to 表示依据主观推断将来确定发生的事情，will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.3. be going to 含有“安排，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如： She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in ha

12、lf an hour.4. 在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用 will。如： If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you. 驾驭了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分 be going to 与 will 了。 一般将来时常见的标记词 含 tomorrow; next 短语； in + 段时间 ； how soon； by + 将来时间；5. 祈使句句型中：or/ and sb. will do例：Be quick, or you will be late = If you dont be q

13、uick, you will be late6. 在时间/条件状语从句中，假如从句用一般如今时，主句用将来时Unit 2 What should I do1. too loud 太大声2. out of style 过时的3. in style 流行的4. call sb. up = ring sb. up = call/ ring/ phone sb. 给打 5. enough money 足够的钱(enough 修饰名词时不必后置)6. busy enough 够忙 (enough 修饰形容词或副词时必需后置)7. a ticket to/ for a ball game 一张球赛的门票留

14、意：the key to the lock/ the key (answer) to the question)/ the solution to the problem. 此处几个短语不能用 of 表示全部格8. talk about 议论9. on the phone 用 10. pay for 付款11. spend on +sth. = spend ( in) doing sth. 在花钱12. It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花的时间13. borrow from 从借( 借进来)14. lend to 把借给(借出去)15. You ca

15、n keep the book for a week 你可以借这本书一周。（不用 borrow 或 lend）16. buy sth. for sb. 为买东西 17. tell sb. to do/ not to do sth. 告知某人做某事18. want sb. to do sth. = would like sb. to do 想某人做某事19. find out 发觉；查清晰；弄明白20. play ones stereo 放录象21. fail the test = not pass the test 考试不及格22. fail in (doing) sth. 在上失败,变弱23

16、. succeed in (doing) sth. 在方面胜利24. write sb a letter/write to sb. 给某人写信25. surprise sb. 使某人惊讶（类似有：surprise/ interest/ please/ amaze + 某人）26. to ones surprise 使某人惊讶的是27. to ones joy 使某人兴奋的是28. look for a part-time job 找一份兼职的工作（不确定有结果）29. get/ find a part-time job 找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）30. ask sb. for 寻求/向某人要

17、某物31. have a bake sale 卖烧烤32. argue with sb = have an argument with sb.与某人争吵33. have a fight with sb. = fight with 与某人打架34. drop off 离去；散去；渐渐削减;死去35. prepare for = get ready for 为做准备36. after-school clubs (activities) 课外俱乐部（活动） be/ get used to doing 习惯做某事 used to do 过去常常/常常做某事 be used for doing = be

18、 used to do sth. 被用于做某事37. fill up 填补；装满；be full of 装满38. return sth. to sb. = give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人39. get on/ along well with 与相处很好40. all kinds of 各种各样41. as much as possible = as much as you can 尽可能多42. take part in = join in 参与（某种活动/集会）43. a bit = a little 一点儿（当修饰形容词或比拟级时）44. a bit of

19、= a little 一点儿/一些（当修饰不行数名词时）45. be angry with 生的气46. by oneself = on ones own 某人自己/单独地47. on the one hand 一方面48. on the other hand 另一方面49. I find/ feel/ think it difficult to do 我发觉/感到/认为做某事很难。50. see/ hear/ watch sb. doing sth. 看到/听见/凝视某人正在做51. not until 直到才（谓语动词一般是非持续动词）52. 表示某人心情有关的形容词用法: be/ bec

20、ome + upset/ tired/ excited/ interested/ worried/ surprised/ amazed/ annoyed说明：当主语是某人时，留意后面的形容词一般是 -ed 结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，留意后面形容词一般是 -ing 结尾单词.）例如: I was surprised/ interested/ amazed when I heard the surprising/ interesting/ amazing news.53. radio advice program 电台提建议的节目54. be original 新奇的55. lea

21、ve something somewhere 把某物忘在某处56. sports clothes 运动服57. the same age as = as old as 和年龄一样58. the tired children 乏累不堪的孩子59. complain about (doing sth.) 埋怨60. take their children from activity to activity 带着孩子参与一个接一个的活动61. try to do sth. 尽量干某事；try doing sth. 试着干某事62. be under too much pressure 压力太大63.

22、 a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈64. take part in after-school clubs 参与课后俱乐部65. competition starts from a very young age竞争从很小年纪就开场了66. compare with 和比拟67. organized activities 有组织的活动本单元目的句型： 1. Whats wrong (with you)/ Whats the matter2. What should I do 我该怎么办？3. You could write him a letter. 你可以给他写封信。 You

23、should say sorry to him. 你应当给他致歉。4. They shouldnt argue. 他们不应当争吵。5. Why dont you talk to him about it = Why not talk to him about it = You should/ could talk to him about it. = What/ How about talking to him about it. = Youd better talk to him about it.6. The parents try to fit as much as possible i

24、nto their kids lives.7. Activities include sports, language learning, music and math classes. Thirty people, including six children (six children included), went to visit the factory.8. People shouldnt push their children so hard. 9. Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them. When these k

25、ids are adults, they might find t difficult to plan things for themselves.Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived1. in front of 在的前面（外部），in the front of 在的前面（内部）2. in the library 在图书馆3. get out of/ get into 出之外/进入4. sleep late 睡懒觉；sleep well 睡得好；get to sleep = fall asleep 睡着5. walk down/ alo

26、ng 沿走6. take off (飞机)起飞；脱下（衣帽）7. on Sunday evening 在星期日晚上留意:（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用 on）8. in the tree 在树上；on the tree 在树上9. take photos 照相10. at the train station 在火车站11. run away 跑开，逃跑12. as + adj. 原形 as 和一样例如：She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he (him)13. buy/ dra

27、w/ make sth. for sb. 为某人买/画/制作14. walk home 走回家15. in history 在历史上16. for example 例如17. in the city of 在市18. on the playground 在操场上19. ten minutes ago 特别钟前20. take place 发生（强调必定性）21. happen to sth./ sb. 发生（强调偶尔性）例如：What has happened to you = Whats the matter with you = Whats wrong with you22. of cou

28、rse = sure = certainly 当然23. all over the world = around the world 普及全世界24. outside/ inside the station 在车站外/内25. next to 相邻，紧贴26. close to 接近于；在旁边27. be ill in hospital/ bed 生病住院/卧床28. hear about/ of 听说（间接听到）29. in silence 默默无语；keep silent 保持缄默30. an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经验31. have fun doing st

29、h. 干某事有乐趣；have difficult time doing sth. 干某事有困难32. have meaning to 对有意义 33. become the first Chinese astronaut in space成为中国第一个太空宇航员34. a national hero 一个民族英雄35. be famous all over the world 全世界知名 36. for the first time 第一次本单元目的句型: What were you doing when I arrived/ at that time/ at 8:00 last night/

30、 from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday 1. I was doing sth. when + 一般过去时的时间状语从句2. How about = What about 3. While sth./ sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth. .4. 当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed5. 当妈妈正在做饭时，我在看电视。While my mother was cooking, I was watching TV.6. I was walking down the str

31、eet when a UFO landed right in front of me.7. You can image how strange it was. 8. I followed to see where it was going.9. Isnt that amazing! 10. She didnt thinking about looking outside the station.11. I was so tired this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed.12. Liu Xiang won the gold me

32、dal at the 2004 Olympics.13. Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics.14. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.15. This was one of the most important events in modern American history.16. Even the most everyday activities can seem import

33、ant.17. Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen.18. However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists.19. Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course.20. His flight aroun

34、d the Earth lasted about 22 hours.本单元语法讲解过去进展时（Past Progressive Tense）句型 S + was/ were + V-ing 例1：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening 昨天黄昏八点半她正在做家庭作业。例2：We were having supper at that time 那个时候我们正在吃晚饭讲解：如例1所示，在单句中运用过去进展时来表达时必需把该动作正在进展中的时辰说明清晰，否则就不合逻辑了。例如：I was taking a bath yesterday

35、. （错）（昨天我正在洗澡昨天24小时都正在洗澡吗？） 所以本句应当如例1来表达，或者用一般过去时表达如下： I took a bath yesterday. 昨天我洗了澡假如由上下文的文意，或者对谈中的话意可以理解“动作正在进展中的时间”，单句里就运用过去进展时来表达是很一般的，例如：A：I called you up yesterday evening.B：Did you At what timeA：At around ten oclock. 大约在十点钟。B：Oh, I was taking a bath then. 哦，当时我正在洗澡。过去进展时在表达上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一个一

36、般过去时的动作相搭配。请视察下面的图讲解明：过去有二动作A和B（如图示），在B动作发生时稍早发生的A动作正好在进展中，所以这种表达法通常都是复句（主句 + 副词从句）。例如： When I got up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen. (今日早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。“Mother .”是主句，“when ，”是副词从句。) 常用于修饰过去进展时的时间副词：过去的某确定点时刻（at + 过去的时刻），then (= at that time) (那时，当时)，all + 时间，“When / W

37、hile / As ”等副词从句，etcUnit 4 He said I was hard-working.1. every Saturday 每周六2. first of all 首先3. both and 两者都（谓语动词要留意对称原则）4. neither .nor 两者都不（谓语动词要留意就近和对称原则）5. most of 绝大多数6. an exciting week 令人兴奋的一周7. agree on something 同意某人的安排；对获得 一样意见8. agree to do sth. 容许/同意做9. pass on (to) 传递10. be supposed to

38、do sth. 被期望或被要求做11. be mad at 对疯狂/生气12. do better in = be better at 在方面做得更好13. be in good health 身体安康14. report card 成果单15. sound/ feel/ smell/ taste/ look 是连系动词，一般只能跟 adj. 做表语16. sound like/ feel like/ smell like/ taste like/ look like 听起来像/感觉像/闻起来像/尝起来像/看起来像 + sb.sth.17. get over 克制；复原；宽恕18. open

39、up 翻开/绽开/开发/揭露19. care for 照料；照看；意愿；计较20. have a (surprise) party for sb. 为某人实行一次（惊喜)聚会21. end-of-year exam = final exam 期末考试22. not anymore 不再23. do a home project 做作业24. be surprised/ happy/ excited to do sth. 做某事感到惊异、兴奋、激烈25. be/ get nervous 感到惊慌26. have a very hard time with 在日子不好过27. an disappo

40、inting result 令人悲观的结果28. take/ leave a message 捎（留）个口信29. have a big fight30. it is a good idea for sb. to do sth.31. to teach in Chinas rural areas32. feel lucky33. people who need help 须要扶植的人34. something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事35. there is no difference between and 在和之间没有区分36. the Hope Proje

41、ct 盼望工程37. fortunately本单元目的句型： 转述别人话语: What did sb. say He said I . She said she . They said .1. 许教师告知我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages.2. 许教师说地球围着太阳转。Mr. Xu said (that) the earth turns around the sun.3. 许教师告知我他将去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.4

42、. 许教师说欧洋正在做作业Mr. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time.5. 许教师说王硕研勤奋。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.6. 在英语上，与听相比，我更擅长于读。In English, Im better at reading than listening.7. 状况怎样？Hows it going8. 她不想再当我最好的挚友了。She didnt want to be my bestfriend anymore.9. I said it would start a ba

43、d habit, and that she would do her own work.10. Thats about all the news I have now. Mum and Dad send their love.11. She said helping others changed her life.12. Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you.13. The Peking University graduate firs

44、t went there as a volunteer on a one-year program.14. Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000 meters above the sea level and at first the thin air made her feel sick.15. Young people today need to experience different things16. Some of the students may not be a

45、ble to go tosenior high school or college.17. I can open up my students eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.18. She said she likes being a good influence in the childrens lives.19. She now works as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province.20.

46、You are at Bs house working on a homework project.21. You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it, but A didnt come to the bus stop.22. A calls you with a message for C. Pass on message, and then give Cs answer to A.23. What are some things that happen on soap operas本单元语法讲解 干脆引语和间接引语 （一）干脆引述别人的原话，叫做干脆引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。干脆引语必需放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。干脆引语改为间接引语时，除将引语局部变成宾语从句外，还必需对干脆引语中的人称