高一英语课文知识点杭十四中.docx

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1、课文学问点必修5UNIT 11.put forward 关于put的常用词组有：put away收起放好 *Put your books away when you finish them.put down放下；写下；镇压 *You should put down everything he said. *The rebellion was at last put down.put forward提出；拨快 *Are you serious in putting forward such a view.put forward a suggestion/plan/a new theory *Pu

2、t the clock forward by five minutes.put off 推延 *They put off the picnic because of the rain. *We had to put off the meeting till next Monday. *Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.put on 穿上；上演put out 扑灭 *Put the fire out.put up 举起；张贴；搭起；(留)过夜 *We put up for the night at a farmhouse. *Ca

3、n you put us up for the nightput up with忍受2.draw a conclusionconcludeA.vt.得出结论*What do you conclude from the facts*The judge concluded that the prisoner was innocent.B.vt. vi.完毕*He concluded his speech.*The meeting concluded after 3 hours.conclusion n.结论draw/come to/reach a conclusion得出结论3.expert n.

4、专家 adj.经过特地训练的 *He is an expert in engineering.=He is an engineering expert. *He is an expert engineer.4.attend Queen Victoria *attend a meeting/a conference/a lecture出席/参与attend a class/school上课/上学 *Two doctors attended the patient.(照料/看护) *Dont expose it to the sun.(暴露) *He exposed the crime in th

5、e newspaper.(揭露) *Dont expose the children to the infectious disease. (使受到危急) *They are exposed to the infectious disease. *the children (who are) exposed to the infectious disease(过去分词作定语)6.cure vt.治愈 n.治疗方法 *The medicine cured my fever. *The medicine cured me of my fever. *There is no certain cure

6、 for cancer. cure 和treat的区分 cure 表示“治愈，treat只表示“治疗7.people dies every time there was an outbreak此处every time作连词连接句子关于every time等作连词的用法如下：A.every time/each time每次*She demands sweets every time she sees me B.(the) last time上次*(The)last time I went to see him, he happened to be out. C.next time下次*Next

7、time you come in, please knock at the door first. D.the first /second time第一/二次*The second time I went to see him, he happened to be out. =When I went to see him for the second time, he happened to be out. E.this/it is the first time(that) sb. have done*This is the first time I have been abroad. *Th

8、is was the first time I had been abroad. F.for the first/second time作状语用，不能连句子*Last year I went abroad for the second time.I thought him kind and honest _ I met him.A.for the first time B.the first time C.every time D.the last time *Ozone absorbs heat from the sun. *The clever boy absorbed all that

9、the teacher taught himbe absorbed in被吸引住；专注于 *He was absorbed in a book. *He is completely absorbed in his work.9.suspect v.疑心，猜测 n.嫌疑犯*We suspected that it was a trick to get our money. *I suspect him to be a liar. =I suspect that he is a liar. *The office boy is the suspected thief. *The suspect i

10、s being questioned by the policeblame用作及物动词时,通常用于下面三个句型:A. blame sb. for sth. /doing sth.为某事责怪某人/责怪某人做了某事 *Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.*He blamed me for his failure.*We blamed him for being late.*He was blamed for being late.*He blamed his failure

11、 on me.*The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack. *Its no use blaming our defeat on him. C.be to blame (for)该(为)受责怪。留意此处不能用被动语态。如:*The children were not to blame for the accident.*He is more to blame than you. *Who is to blame for starting the fire*You are to blame for that.*He is the person w

12、ho is to blame.*He is not the one to blame.*The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (NMET2002) A. who B. when C. how D. what*I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child.(2002上海)A. is to blame B. is going to blameC. is to be blamed D. should b

13、lame Suggest作“建议解时，其宾语从句的谓语用should+原形或原形；作“说明/示意解时那么宾语从句的谓语不受限制。 *I suggest we have the meeting at once. *I suggest the meeting be held at once.*John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.*The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. *The look on his face su

14、ggested that he was disappointed.12.apart from 除.之外(分别等于except 和besides)*Apart from that, all goes well.*Apart from English, we have other subjects.13.positive adj.确定的;主动的;正的 *There is positive proof that he did it. *Im positive/sure that he did it.*What we need is positive thinking. *Positive sugge

15、stions will always be welcomed. *The positive sign is +. *The blood tests were positive.positive pole阳极，正极 positive的反义词是negative(否认的,消极的,负的)14.be strict with和be strict inbe strict with sb.be strict in sth. *His parents are strict with him. *He is strict in his work.15.make sense vi.说得通，有意义，有道理, 被理解

16、*Your whole account of the incidents doesnt make sense. *No matter how you read it, this sentence doesnt make (any) sense. make sense of vt.理解，懂 *Can you make sense of what he said16.with the planets going round it这是with +宾语+宾语补足语的构造，在句中作状语。这一构造在句中常作定语或状语，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式以及分词(ing和ed)等。现将其根本形

17、式归纳如下：A.with + n./pron. + 形容词/副词 *He wore a shirt, with the neck open. *With the noise so loud outside, I cant sleep. *With Mr Smith away, weve got more room.B.with + n./pron. + 介词短语*He sat there with a smile on his face.*Its a village with mountains around it.*He came in with a ball under his arm.C

18、.with + n./pron. + 不定式 *With so much work to do, he could not go *With so many problems to solve, the newly-elected president had a hard time.D.with + n./pron. + 如今分词*The street was quiet with no buses running.*With him leading the way, I had no trouble finding the station.*With so many people watch

19、ing me, I felt nervous.*With the room being decorated, it smells terrible.*I cant go on holiday with my mother being ill.*With Christmas approaching, shops became crowded.*With time going by(As time went by), I realized my mistakes.E.with + n./pron. + 过去分词 *The thief was brought in with his hands ti

20、ed back.*With so many problems solved, the newly-elected president felt relieved.*He slept with all the windows closed.*The boy left with his homework unfinished.17.contribute vt. vi. 捐献，捐赠；奉献；投稿*He contributed to the Red Cross.*He contributed $5 to the charity every payday.*He didnt contribute one

21、idea to the discussion.*He contributed an article to the Daily Post.*He often contributes to the magazine.contribute to 常常作“有助于，导致解*Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.*His carelessness contributed to the accident.*His singing will contribute greatly to the success of the party.*Bad eatin

22、g habits contributed to his illness. make a contribution 做奉献Useful expressionsphysical characteristics 身体特征scientific research 科学探讨infectious diseases 传染病solve the problem 解决问题be determined to do 决心做look into 调查soon afterwards 之后不久slow down 慢下来，减缓die of 死于make a suggestion 提建议make a plan 制定方案make a

23、speech 发表演讲make a change 做出变更make a investigation 进展调查make a decision 做确定make a contribution 做奉献make a noise 发出响声make a description 进展描绘make a face 做鬼脸make friends 交挚友make money 赚钱make dinner 做饭make sure 确保make the bed 铺床make room for 给让地方make ones way to 向走去make up ones mind 下决心lead to 导致UNIT 21.co

24、nsist of和make upmake up(vt.)组成，构成consist of =be made up of由组成/构成 *Women make up 60 percent of the workers in this factory. *Different qualities make up a persons character. *Nine players make up a team. *Fifty students make up the class. 在上述句子中不能用consist of，只有当上述句子改为被动后才能换成consist of。 *60 percent of

25、 the workers in this factory are made up of women.=60 percent of the workers in this factory consist of women.*A persons character is made up of different qualities. =A persons character consists of different qualities.*A team is made up of nine players. =A team consists of nine players.*The class i

26、s made up of fifty students.=The class consists of fifty students. *How many countries does the UK consist of=How many countries is the UK made up of所以，consist of无被动态，也不能用进展时，而make up是及物的，它的被动形式是be made up of。在用分词做定语时，consist of用如今分词，be made up of用过去分词。 *a team consisting of nine players=a team made

27、 up of nine players *The children are dividing the cake.*Lets divide the class into four groups.*The class is divided into four groups. *Lets divide the work between/among us. divideinto把分成 divide sth. between/among sb.在某人中分某物separatefrom把和分开比较：*Please divide the apples into two parts.*Please separa

28、te the good apples from the bad ones.The apple was _ into two.We _the money equally.Oxygen can be _ from water.The Taiwan Strait _ Taiwan from Fujian.The two boys are fighting. Go and _ them.3.you find Wales included as well留意以下句中include正确形式的选用: *Many people were injured, including two children.= Ma

29、ny people were injured, two children included.*All of us laughed, including me.=All of us laughed, me included4.break away(from)B.断绝往来，脱离，和分裂C.改掉(习惯), 破除(旧做法) *The criminal broke away from the policeman who was holding him. *He tried to break away from me. *The southern states wanted to break away f

30、rom the union. *You should break away from these bad habits. break down坏掉，垮掉 *The engine broke down. *Our car broke down halfway *His health broken down.credit card信誉卡 *It takes 124 credits to graduate.(学分)to ones credit值得赞扬的是，对某人有利的是 *It is greatly to your credit that you have passed such a difficu

31、lt examination.6.the four countries do work together助动词do/does/did除用来构成否认句和疑问句外，还可用于确定句或祈使句表示强调，译作 “的确，的确，务必.*He does speak fluent English.*He did attend the lecture that day.*Do be quiet.7.for convenience为便利起见 *I keep my dictionary near my desk for convenience. *The house has all modern convenience

32、s. convenience food便利食品 convenience store便利店 convenient adj.便利的，便利的 *When would it be convenient for you to begin *Come whenever it is convenient to you.切记:convenient 不能以人作主语，如不能说when you are convenient(当你便利的时候)，而必需说when it is convenient to you. *Will Monday be convenient for you *Lets meet at a con

33、venient place.8.rough adj. *The surface is not smooth; its rough.(粗糙) *Dont be so rough with him.(粗野) *Boxing is a rough sport. *The sea was rough.(波涛汹涌) *Its just a rough plan.(粗略的,也许的) roughly adv.粗略地，大致 *Ill tell you roughly what I think of it. *_ speaking, about 300 people attended the meeting.

34、A. Generally B. Roughly C. Frankly9.Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, .those 可代替前面出现的特指的复数名词,假如是特指的单数名词，那么用that代替。*The book on the desk is more interesting than that under the desk. *The books on the desk are more interesting than those under the desk.*The popula

35、tion in Shanghai is larger than that in Hangzhou.*The students in their class is cleverer than those in our class.10.leave out遗漏，漏掉；删去 *You made a spelling mistake you left out the letter t. *Your name is not in the list. Youve been left out. *This sentence is useless, Leave it out. 有时可说明“放在外面 *Dont

36、 leave your bike out at night.11.quarrel vi. n.争吵quarrel with sb. about sth. *They are quarreling now. *They are quarreling about money. *He sometimes quarrels with his brother. *What was the cause of their quarrel12.alike adj.(只用作表语)一个样子，模样一样*He and his brother are exactly alike. *The two buildings

37、 are alike in size and shape. *All music is alike to him. *The two twins are so alike that I cant tell which is which. adv.同样地，一视同仁地 *He treats everyone alike. *They are dressed alike.13.take the place of代替，接替 *Whos taking my place in my absence *Plastics have taken the place of many materials. take

38、 place(vi.)实行，发生 *Great changes have taken place in my hometown. *The wedding will take place next Saturday.14.fold vt.折叠，合拢(双手、翅膀等) *He folded the paper and put it into his pocket. *The blanket was folded up and put in the box. *The paper must be folded in half. *The little child folded her hands i

39、n prayer. *A bird folds its wings.14.arrange *I will arrange everything. *I have arranged a car for you. *The meeting was arranged for May 10. *Martin arranged to meet him next week. *Ive arranged for a car to pick you up at the airport. *Please arrange the books on the desk. arrangement n.15.availa

40、ble adj.找得到/买得到/可得到 *The doctor is not available now. *The new product is available everywhere. *There are no tickets available for Fridays concert.16.delight vt.使欢乐 n.欢乐，喜悦 *His performance delighted everyone. *His performance was delightful (delighting). *Everyone was delighted with his performanc

41、e. *I have read your letter with delight.17.remain standing仍旧站着remain可作系动词，可跟： *They remained good friends.(名词) *It remained a mystery how he died. *Most shops here remain open till midnight.(形容词) *The door remained closed.(过去分词) *The work remained unfinished. *They remained listening.(如今分词) *Whethe

42、r it is good remains to be seen.(不定式被动)18.the man should have lived in London Should此处表示“竟然，尽然 *It seems so unfair that this should happen to me. *It is strange that such near neighbors should not know one another. *I cant understand why he should have said this.Useful expressionsPrime Minister 首相fo

43、r convenience 为便利起见be known as 作为而知名on the phone 在 里on special occasions 在特别场合in memory of 为纪念have a photo taken 拍照on show 在陈设中，在展出fall asleep 入睡UNIT 31.Below are some of the main aspects这是一句倒装句。表示地点的介词短语和副词在句首，句子常用倒装句。例: *Here/Below are some of the examples.*In front of the building is a big tree.

44、*On the wall hangs a beautiful picture. *Before us lies a bright future. *Before them lay a great hope. *Beyond the hill stands an ancient temple.2.aspect n.方面 *We are considering the plan in all its aspects. *Its only one aspect of the problem.3.take up this prize承受这个奖 *When did you drop medicine a

45、nd take up physics(开始学习某门课程) *I wont take up much of your time.(占用时间) *The meeting took up the whole morning. *The table takes up too much room.(占用空间) *Do you intend to take up his offer of a job(承受)4. previous adj.前一；以前的 *the previous year/month/day/morning,the previous page/lesson *His previous attitude towards it was wrong.5.guide vt.引导，指导；n.向导，导游;指南 *He guided me to the station. *He guided the lost tourist back to the hotel. *We set out with Tom acting as the guide. *You need a guide to show