中考英语复习教案九.docx
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1、二.句子的种类句子种类 依据句子的用处,英语句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感慨句。依据句子的构造,英语句子可分为简洁句、并列句和复合句。中考对句子的考察主要集中在以下几个方面:1. 陈述句的构成形式及根本用法;2. 祈使句的构成形式及根本用法;3. 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的构成形式及根本用法;4. 由what, how引导的感慨句的构成形式、用法及区分(一)陈述句 1确定式 2否认式 (1)加not构成的否认句 (2)由no, hardly, never, nobody, nothing等构成的否认句。 其中两者的全部否认用 neither或nor,局部否认用bot
2、h +not. 如: Neither of them knows French. Both of them dont know French. 三者或三者以上的全部否认用 none, nothing, nobody, no one等,局部否认用all, many, every加not构成 如: None of these answers are right.All these books are not mine. (3)在某些句子中,按语意应放在that从句中的否认词not被移前到主句的谓语动词中,这种否认提早的状况用于think, believe, suppose等动词,如:I dont
3、believe it will be very cold tomorrow. (二)疑问句 按构造可分为四种 1一般疑问句: (1)用Yes,No来答复的疑问句。 (2)往往把be,助动词,情态动词置于句首。 (3)在一般疑问句中,假如提问人对答案没有确定或否认的意向,句中常用非确定词,如: Is there anything wrong with your car 假如提问人对答案有确定的意向,即盼望得到确定的答复,则在该用非确定词的地方用确定词,如: Would you like some drink因此,在款待客人或向人表示乐意供应扶植时,通常用some代替any。 2特殊疑问句:用疑问
4、代词或疑问副词提问的句子,不用Yes,No答复。 (1)疑问词作句子的宾语、状语、表语或修饰这三种成份时,用疑问词+一般疑问句, 如: When will you go (2)疑问词作主语或主语的定语时,与陈述句的依次一样, 如: Whose father works in Shanghai Who is on duty today常用的特殊疑问句询问内容 疑问词或句型 例 句 回 答 职业,身份 what What is your father He is a doctor. 姓名或关系 who Who is that boy He is Jack.He is my brother 相貌特征
5、 whatlike What is she likeWhat does she look like She is beautiful. 目的 whatfor What did they come here for To attend a meeting. 缘由 why Why did they come here Because they have a meeting to attend. 天气 howwhatlike How is the weather todayWhat is the weather like today Its fine. 颜色 what color? What dol
6、or is her skirt Its red. 服装尺寸 what size What size does he wear He wars 40. 几点钟 what time What time is it Its 7:30. 星期几 what day What day is today Its Tuesday. 几号,日期 what is the date What is the date today Its May 2. 年龄(多大) how old How old is he He is 38. 持续多长时间(多久) how long How long have you been he
7、re For five months. 长度(多长) how long How long is the bridge Its 500 metres. 间隔 (多远) how far How far is it from here to the zoo Its 6 kilometres. 频度(多常常) how often How often do you come back Once a week. 时间经过(多快) how soon How soon will she arrive In an week. 数量(多少) how many(可数名词)how much(不行数名词) How ma
8、ny jackets do you haveHow much coffee do you want Three.Two cups. 价格 how much How much is itHow much does it cost Five dollars. 高度(多高) how tall(人,树)how high(山,建筑物) How tall is sheHow high is the tower Shes 1.73 metres.Its 450 metres. 3反意疑问句 (1)构成:陈述句+简单问句 确定否认 否认确定 简单问句的主语与陈述句保持一样,只能用人称代词 (there除外),
9、简单问句的谓语动词也与陈述句保持一样,假如是否认,确定要用简写。如: Jim isnt a student, is he/There are some books in it, arent there (2)陈述局部Im.构造,疑问局部一般用arent I,如: Im late, arent I (3)陈述句中有little, few, no, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等词表示否认时,简单问句用确定。 (4)陈述句中有指物的不定代词nothing, something, anything时,简短问句中用代词it,陈述句中有指人的不定代词everyone, n
10、o one, someone, everybody, nobody, anybody时,简短问句中用代词he或they,如:Everyone is here, arent they/isnt he (5)陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that等时,疑问局部的主语在形式上与前者不同,但在逻辑上却与前者一样,如:This is very important, isnt it (6)陈述局部假如是“I (dont) think (believe, suppose.)+宾语从句”时,疑问局部中的动词和主语应与宾语从句中的主语和动词保持一样,如:I dont believe she knows it
11、, does she (7)含有情态动词must的句子表示揣测时,疑问局部与must后面局部一样,不能用mustnt,如:You must be tired, arent you当must表示“有必要”时,疑问局部用neednt,如:You must go home right now, neednt you当mustnt表示制止时,疑问局部一般用must,如: You mustnt walk on grass, must you (8)祈使句的反意疑问句 确定祈使句 +will you/wont you 否认祈使句 +will you Lets.+shall we(包括对方) Let us.
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