非谓语动词之动词-ed教案.docx

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1、非谓语动词之动词-ed形式的教案一 动词-ed形式的特征1 动词ed形式表示已完成的动作。Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology.One of the glasses was found broken.The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.2 及物动词的ed形式一般表示被动的意思。Given more time, I could have solved that riddle.When you spea

2、k English, be sure to make yourself understood.The experience gained in the army was of great value to our study.3 不及物动词ed形式只表示完成的意义，并不带有被动的含义。an escaped prisoner 逃犯 = a prisoner who has escapeda retired worker 退休工人 = a worker who has retireda newly arrived guest 新来的客人 = a guest who has just arrived

3、People should pay attention to the changed situation.二 动词-ed形式的功能1. 做表语 动词ed形式在连系动词后作表语，说明主语的状态。The students are fully prepared.When we got there, the shop was closed.要把动词-ed形式作表语与被动语态区分开来。作表语的-ed形式表示状态，被动语态表示被动动作。Peter the Great is buried here. 彼得大帝就安葬在这里。Peter the Great was buried here in 1725. 彼得

4、大帝于1725年被安葬在这里。同一动词的ed形式与ing形式作表语时的区分。动词-ed形式作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态，含有被动的意思，而动词-ing形式作表语多表示主语具有的特征，含有主动的意思。They were frightened to hear the frightening sound.At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved.amusing使人兴奋的 amused 快乐的encouraging鼓舞人心的 encouraged 受激励的disappointing 令人悲观的d

5、isappointed 悲观的2. 做宾语补足语在感觉动词see, hear, feel, notice, watch, find等后作宾语补足语。I heard the Ninth Symphony played last night.We found all the rivers seriously polluted.在使役动词get, have, make, leave, keep等后作宾语补足语。Doris got her bad tooth pulled out in the hospital.Ill just get these dishes washed and then Ill

6、 come.He raised his voice in order to make himself heard.You should make your views known to the public.They all went home, leaving all the work undone.The detective and his assistant kept themselves locked in the room all night.留意：动词make后的宾语补足语可用不带to的动词不定式或动词-ed形式，但不行用动词-ing形式。Can you make the stud

7、ents understanding the text XCan you make the students understand the text Can you make the text understood by the students 动词ed形式也可用在with (without) 构造中，作介词的宾语补足语。With everything well arranged, he left the office.She has come back with her backpack filled with interesting picture-books.Without any m

8、ore time given, we couldnt finish the task in three weeks.某些动词后(如want, need, prefer, would like等)，作宾语补足语的不定式被动形式省略“to be”，就成了动词ed形式作宾语补足语。I would like this matter (to be) settled immediately.The peasants dont want good farmland (to be) built on.3. 做定语前置定语单个动词-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，作前置定语。A watched pot

9、never boils.心急锅不开。All the broken doors and windows have been repaired.When we arrived, we each were given a printed question paper.如要表示强调，单个动词-ed形式也可作后置定语。Money spent is more than money earned.入不敷出。 后置定语作后置定语的动词-ed形式一般都带有修饰语或其他成分，在语法上相当于一个定语从句。We have read many novels written by this author.(= that

10、are written by this author)Half of the honored guests invited to the reception were foreign ambassadors.被邀请到款待会上的贵宾有一半都是外国大使。(= who had been invited to the reception)The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success.(= which was attended by one thousand students)A woman, dressed like a l

11、awyer, came in and took her seat as judge.(= who was dressed like a lawyer)动词ed形式作定语与ing形式作定语的区分动词-ed形式作定语表示动作已完成，而动词-ing形式作定语表示动词正在进展。the risen sun升起了的太阳 the rising sun正在升起的太阳boiled water开水 boiling water正沸腾的水fallen leaves落叶 falling leaves正在飘落的叶子changed condition变更了的状况changing condition变更着的状况develop

12、ed countries兴旺国家developing countries开展中国家4. 做状语表示时间动词-ed形式作状语表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。Seen from the tower, the city looks beautiful.(= When the city is seen from the tower.)Shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.(= After we had been shown the lab .)Completely examined by the doctors, he went back t

13、o school right away.(= After he was completely examined.)有时动词-ed形式前可加连词when, while等来强调时间概念。Once recovered, he went all out to do his work.一复原安康，他就全力以赴地干起了工作。When asked why she was late for class again, she hung her head in shame.当被问到为什么上课又迟到时，她惭愧地低下了头。表示缘由动词-ed形式作状语表示缘由，相当于一个缘由状语从句。Moved by the hero

14、ic deeds, the children couldnt help crying.(= Since they were moved by the heroic deeds .)Written in haste, her letter is very hard to read.(= As it was written in haste .)Excited by the new discovery, we decided to go out and celebrate.(= Because we were excited by.)表示条件动词-ed形式作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。H

15、eated, water changes into steam.(= If water is heated.)Given more time, he would be able to do better.(= If he was given more time .)Compared with other professors, she was an excellent speaker.(= If she was compared with other.)为了使-ed形式表示的条件、动词让步意义更加明显，我们可以加上适当的连词。Unless invited, he will not come b

16、ack to the company. 表示让步动词-ed形式作状语表示让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. (= Although they were exhausted by the running .)Laughed at by many people, he continued his research. (= Even if he was laughed by many people .)为了使-ed形式表示的让步意义更加明显，

17、我们可以加上适当的连词。Even if invited, I wont go. 即使受到邀请，我也不去。Though beaten by the opposite team, they did not lose heart. 有时动词-ed形式作状语与动词-ing形式被动式作状语，并没有多大的区分，可以互换。Suddenly seized with a high fever, he was unable to attend school.= Being suddenly seized with a high fever, he was unable to attend school.他因突然发

18、热不能来上学。Brought up in the countryside, he found it hard to get used to town life.= Having been brought up in the countryside, he found it hard to get used to town life.因为是在农村长大的，他感到很难适应城镇生活。表示行为方式、伴随状况或补充说明动词-ed形式作状语表示行为方式、伴随状况或补充说明时，通常位于句子的后面，相当于一个并列分句。The teacher stood there, surrounded by the stud

19、ents.(= and he was surrounded by the students)He went into the office, followed by some children.(= and he was followed by some children)动词的-ed形式在句中不能用作主语或宾语。X I cannot stand laughed at. I cannot stand being laughed at. X Invited to the state banquet is a great honor. To be invited to the state banq

20、uet is a great honor. 三两个特别的词：Have与get两词的特别用法1. Have sb do sth让某人去干某事=let sb do sthThe teacher had the boy stand for talking in class.The manager had us speak our thoughts at the meeting.Have sb doing sth让某人持续或反复做某事=keep sb doing sthThey had the horse running all the way.Have sth done请人做，遭遇不幸，组织做Wel

21、l have the door repaired today.The young man had his leg broken while playing football.2. Get sb to do sth让某人做某事=have/let sb do sthYou should get your friends to help you.Get sb/sth doing sth 使动起来Nobody can get him talking at this time.Get sth done请某人做=have sth doneDid you get the car mended yesterday