全国大学英语竞赛词汇语法改错讲义.docx

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1、全国高校英语竞赛：词汇、语法、改错讲义1specific adj. 特别的，特定的；明确的；具体的n. 特性；细微环节；特效药2cultivate vt. 培育；陶冶；耕作4considerable 相当大的；重要的，值得考虑的5various 各种各样的；多方面的6Individual 个人的；个别的 n. 个人，个体7confident a. 确信的,自信的,有信念的8consequence n. 结果；重要性；推论9deposit n. 存款；保证金；沉淀物vt. 使沉积；存放vi. 沉淀11eliminate vt. 消退；解除12aspect n. 方面；相貌；方位，方向；形势13j

2、ustice n. 正义,公允,公正,正确,司法,审讯14circumstance n. 环境，境遇；事实，细微环节；典礼，仪式vt. 使处于某种特定的状况之下15collapse vi. 折叠；倒塌；崩溃；尤指工作劳累后坐下vt. 使倒塌；使坍塌；使瓦解n. 倒台；身体的衰弱16音节划分：elegantelegant adj.人或其举止美丽的；美丽的；简炼的；简洁的17exhibition n. 展览；展览品，陈设品；说明；18exposure n. 暴露；揭露；公开；商品等的展出19guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的21transition n.过渡，转变22casualty n.伤亡

3、人员，受害人23pendulum n.摆，钟摆；摇摆不定的事态(或场面24refund n.退款 vt.退还(钱款25linger v.(因不愿分开而留恋彷徨；慢消逝26converge v.(在一点上)会合；集中；思想、观点等)特别相像，一样27associate n伙伴，同事v.(在思想上把联络在一起28royalty n.王族(成员； (著作的版税30appreciate vt.观赏；领悟；感谢31commerce n.商业，贸易；社交 32arithmetic n.算术，四那么运算33dimension n.尺寸,尺度;面积35incidental a. 附带的,偶尔的,简单发生的36

4、journal n.日报，杂志；日志37literature n.文学；文献 39neighborhood n.邻居关系；邻近40authority n.当局，官方；权利41occupation n.占据，占据；职业42relativity n.相关性；相对性43superficial 外表的；浅薄的 44yield vt.&vi.出产 n.产量 45wit n.智力，才智，智能46cunning adj.狡猾的，奸诈的；精致的；美丽的，得意的n.阴谋47descend vt.下来；向下倾斜，向下延长；遗传下来；来自，来源于vi.(from)起源于；是的后裔；(on)攻击；(to)把身份降至4

5、8architecture n.建筑学；建筑式样49exploit vt.开采；开拓；利用为自己谋利；剥削n.功绩；功绩；功勋50fatal adj.致命的，攸关的；歼灭性的，严峻的；命中注定的；重大的51illegal adj.不合法的，违法的；违背规那么的n.非法移民，非法劳工；间谍52anticipatevt.意料，预期，期望53appetite n.食欲，胃口；欲望54valid a.有效的；正值的55weakness n.虚弱，懦弱；弱点56formation n. 形成,构成;形成物,构造57sticky a.粘性的；胶粘的59qualify vt .使具有资格60publicat

6、ion n. 公布；出版；出版物61garment n. 衣服,衣装,外表62justify vt. 证明是正值的63resist vt. vi. 反抗,耐得住,反抗,对抗n. 防染剂64rejoice vt. 使高兴vi. 欣喜,欢乐,庆贺65quiver n. 振动,颤抖,箭袋,大群vi. 颤抖,振动,射中vt. 使颤抖a. 灵敏的66profit n. 利润,赢利,利益vi. 有益,获利,赚钱vt. 有益于67dairy n. 乳酪农场,酪农业,牛奶场68counsel n. 协商,忠告,法律参谋vi. vt. 协商,劝说69pickpocket n. 扒手70pause vi. 暂停,

7、中止,停顿n. 中止,停顿,踌躇,休止符71offend vt. vi. 犯罪,冒犯,违背72neglect vt. 无视;忽略,漏做n. U无视;忽略,漏做73carton n. 硬纸盒,纸板箱74mechanic n. 机械工,技工a. 手工的75bondage n. 奴役,束缚76accuracy n. 精确,精确度,精确性77augment vt. vi. 增加,增大n. 增加78grocery n. 食品,杂货;食品杂货店79fetch n. 获得,拿,阴谋,魂vt. 接来,取来,带来,演绎出,推出,引出,售得,杀死,吸引80escape vi. 逃跑,逃脱;漏出,流出vt. 逃脱,

8、防止;没有被留意,被忘掉81emergency n. 紧急状况,突然事务,特别时刻82affection n. 感情,好感,爱情,慈爱;影响83membership n. 会员的资格,全体会员,会员数目84atmosphere n. 大气,空气,气氛,大气层,大气圈85squeeze n. 紧握,挤,榨,榨取,压榨,佣金vt. 紧握,挤,榨取vi. 压榨,榨86snare n. 陷阱,诱惑,圈套vt. 以陷阱捕获,诱惑87prototype n. 原型88morsel n. 一口,少量,一片89volcano n. 火山90traffic n. 交通,通行,运输,交通量,贸易,交易,交往,通信

9、量vi. 交易91symbolize vt. 象征,用符号表现vi. 采纳象征,运用符号92procession n. 游行,行进,行列,队伍93suck vt. 吸,吮,吸入,吮吸,汲取,获得vi. 吸,吸奶n. 吸,吸入,吮吸94spokesman n. 发言人,代表者95sin n. 罪,犯罪,犯法,过失,失礼vt. vi. 犯 例96sleet n. 雨夹雪vi. 下雨雪,下冰雹97severe a. 严格的,猛烈的,肃穆的,严峻的,严厉的,朴实的98resign vt. 放弃,辞去;把交托给;使听从vi. 辞职99kernel n. 内核n. 核心,中心,精华100negative

10、a. 否认的,消极的,负的,阴性的n. 负数,负值,否认,否认语1. 2021 C类2. 2021 C类3. 2021 C类31. The new star said to the journalists that she _ the opportunity to show that she could play a serious film role.A. greetedB. rejoicedC. welcomedD. cheered 32. We havent really _ a solution to the problem yet, which makes the boss real

11、ly frustrated.A. built upB. fallen back on C. brought overD. come up with33. Personally, I am _ banning cigarette smoking completely, especially in public areas.A. in touch withB. apart fromC. in favor ofD. regardless of34. Until a firm agreement has been reached, I am not _ to accepting the offer.A

12、. accustomedB. dedicatedC. committedD. entitled35. The government is making every effort to _ an economic crisis, but it seems nothing could help.A. eliminateB. avertC. impedeD. swerve36. _ a serious crime, what exactly should you doA. Unless you witnessB. If you were to witnessC. If only you witnes

13、sD. since you witness37. During examinations candidates are always supposed to stay in seats, keep their eyes on the work, _ to anyone.A. and not speakB. but could not speakC. rather than speakD. instead of speaking 38. Realizing that he hadnt got enough money and _ to borrow any from his parents, h

14、e decided to sell his house.A. wanted notB. not to wantC. wanting notD. not wanting39. Theres no point waiting here any longer. We _ go and have something to eat.A. can hardlyB. are bound toC. might as wellD. will have to 40. While many people may refer to up-to-minute news, it is unlikely that tele

15、vision and the Internet _ the newspapers completely.A. will replaceB. replaceC. are replacingD. have replaced41. She married a very nice young architect from Belfast, _ she met on a bus during her journey to Northern Ireland.A. whoB. whenC. whichD. where42. It is a kind of illness that can result in

16、 total blindness if _A. to leave untreatedB. is left untreatedC. leaving untreatedD. left untreated43. -Im so disappointed with my son! He just wouldnt practice the piano! -Take it easy. You can lead _ to water, but you cant make it drink.A. a duckB. a horseC. a cowD. a dog44. -Good morning, Madam!

17、Id like some information about the course. -Certainly. _A. Im afraid I dont know more than you either.B. Is there anything I can do for youC. What exactly would you like to knowD. How much information did you know45. - How do you feel about countries that dont try to reduce global warming - _, those

18、 countries care more about money than saving the planet.A. As far as Im concernedB. Its none of our businessC. Were not to blameD. Things are under control4. 2021 C类5. 2021 C类31. After four days of talks, we are glad to announce that the union and management have reached an_. The agreement is fair a

19、nd benefits both sides.A. accord B. accomplishment C. identity D. undertaking 32. As the clerk _ prepared my milk shake, I wondered how long she had been working there, mindlessly making ice cream treats in a set order of steps.A. logically B. methodically C. graphically D. synthetically 33. As a bo

20、y he wanted to be a fireman. As a high school student, he thought hed like to become a teacher. Now he _ to be nothing more than a janitor.A. assumes B. prescribes C. aspires D. presumes 34. Regardless of what caused it, I am grateful that have finally reached a point in my life_ _I can appreciate m

21、y strengths, accept my weaknesses and try to be comfortable with everything in between.A. why B. where C. which D. what35. _information provided by members of the public, the police would have a much move difficult job.A. Supposing B. Provided the C. If it were not for D. On condition that 36. Peter

22、 Brown was a painstaking writer; _, he once spent half a day on the composition of a single sentence.A. On the other hand B. Nevertheless C. Moreover D. For example 37. -What am I going to do about a present for Carol -You_ some flowers.A. might have sent her B. must have sent her B. C. could send h

23、er D. would send her38. Without the air holding in some of the suns heat, the earth _ cold at night, too cold for us to live on.A. will be freezing B. would be freezing C. an be frozen D. would be frozen 39. The students in our university each _ an English dictionary. That is to say, each of the stu

24、dents in our university _ an English dictionary. A. have; has B. have; have C. has; have D. has; has40. Heres your kitchen. I hope you enjoy cooking here. Is there _ else that you needA. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 41. David _ his business partner over plans to reduce the workforc

25、e.A. came down to B. broke down to C. fell out with D. went along with 42. _is this piece of equipment to be removed from the building. A. On no account B. Absolutely C. Scarcely D. Not at all43. Helens parents were _ that she was still on the job, but she had resigned.A. in doubt B. of the opinion

26、C. under the impression D. with suspicion44. -I dont think I will ever, in my life, win a lottery of five million dollars. -Well, _. Anything can happen.A. you made it B. youre kidding C. what you say D. you can never tell45. -How did you find the concert in the Grand Theatre last night -_ but the c

27、onductor was perfect.A. I couldnt agree more B. I didnt think much of it C. I was crazy about it D. I really liked it6. 2021 C31. When Ian was injured, Harry was chosen as last-minute for the rugby team.A. preference B. diversification C. alternative D. replacement32.Hello, Mr. Brown, Im ringing abo

28、ut our component delivery. Its not arrived yet and its already three oclock in the afternoon. Lets see.its reach you on Tuesday afternoon.A. owing to B. likely to C. due to D. subject to33. Among the last groups of people to accept the new model were religious groups, who still the idea that the ear

29、th was the center of the universe. A. clung to B. applied to C. adapted to D. contributed to34. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to considerable impact. A. escape B. overwhelm C. withstand D. suppress35.Would you like me to go to the dentist w

30、ith you No, you with me. A. need not to go B. need not go C. do not need go D. not need go36. Lance returned to cycling and training only five months after he was diagnosed with cancer. A. aggressively B. drastically C. exactly D. initially 37. Great minds generally look at life in a way to themselv

31、es. A. peculiar B. confined C. similar D. unusual 38. They called in an electrician he could put a finger on the cause of the short circuit. A. to hope B. to be hoping C. hoping D. to have hoped 39. The resistance experienced when one body moves over another, it is in contact, is called frictional f

32、orce. A. to which B. where C. with which D. while 40. Above all, they want to study a question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in A. contrary B. fundamental C. solemn D. progressive 41.Tina, I hear you had a good journey to the Maldives last week, How was it I enjoyed the beautiful

33、 scenery, but the hotel was satisfactory. A. not anything B. nothing from C. nothing but D. anything but 42. At the beginning of the 20th century, people made coffee a cloth bag full of coffee grounds into boiling water. A. by dumping B. to dump C. for dumping D. that dumped 43. If you Susan recentl

34、y, youd think the photograph on the right was strange. A. shouldnt contact B. hadnt contact C. werent to contact D. didnt contact 44. Beata: Ive put the job advertisement in the newspaper, Mr. Trim. Trim: Good. Beata: Well, it was a bit more than the 10 that they quoted us. Trim: As long as it wasnt

35、 10 a day.A. How to schedule it B. How much was it C. How often was it put there D. How about the newspaper45. Woman: Who is Jackie Tow I have a parcel here for him. Jackie: Thats me. Woman: Yes, put your name here. Jackie: Thank you. It must be the new pair of shoes I bought online. A. This is the

36、receipt for it. B. Do you have the senders address C. I have to check the package D. Do I have to sign for it7. 2021 C31. The businessmen discussed the contract _ but never actually signed anything.A. at length B. at sea C. at random D. at will32. Accustomed to the coffee from Columbia _ Governor Jo

37、hn said that _coffee should always be strong.A./;a B.the;a C.a;a D./;/33._a well-balanced diet, _adequate sleep, is needed for good health.A. Alongside; with. B.Not only; but.C. Attached; to . D.Due to; so34._very familiar with inspection reports, I realized that some pages of this one were missing.

38、A. To be B. That was C. Being D. So was35. If you have not signed a contract, you are under no _ to pay them any money.A. responsibility B. liability C. circumstance D. obligation36. As the market was _ goods, the economy became more balanced, and inflation went down.A. speculated on B. subscribed f

39、or C. saturated with D. submitted to37. Surveys show that the majority of passengers are pleased that an agreement has been reached to forbid smoking on _ flights within the continental United States.A. economical B. commercial C. global D. internal38. The new CEO asked that all inter-office communi

40、cations _ in writing rather than in person, _ possible.A. have been made; whoever B. would be made; whicheverC. be made; whenever D. stage bare of scenery39. Written to be performed on a _, Thornton Wilders play Our Town depicts life in a small New England community.A. stage scenery of bare B. bare

41、of stage sceneryC. scenery bare of stage D. stage bare of scenery40._ school policy, the students had a holiday between Christmas and the New Year.A. On behalf of B. With regard to C. In line with D. In case of41. To sell the house, we made a _ to the buyer by agreeing to put a new roof on it.A. con

42、sideration B. commission C. concession D. confirmation42. Never before _ available for quick and easy access in so many different fields of study.A. so much free information were B. has so much free information beenC. were so much free information D. so much free information has been43. The computer

43、 company announced that the new software _ in the first half of next year.A. be released B. will have released C. would have released D. was going to be released44.Tina: A group of us are going bowling on Tuesday night. Would you like to join usJoe : I really would , but unfortunately I have a tennis lesson.Tina : Oh, thats too bad. _Joe : Yes, for sure