自学考试英语一复习资料第四章.docx

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1、最牛英语口语培训形式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程： 报名网址Improving Your Memory本课主要语言点1. psychological adj. 心理学的Psychological factors often play an important part in winning a competition.(在赢得一场竞赛中，心理因素经常起着重要作用。)2. focus v. (使)聚焦，(使)集中 ( focus on ) n. 焦点，中心He is focusing his eyes on a painting on

2、the wall.(他正凝视着墙上的一幅画。)3. basic adj. 根本的，根底的He even didnt have a basic aim in life.(他连生活的根本目的都没有。)It is necessary to teach them some basic mathematical skills.(教他们一些根本的数学技能是必要的。)4. principle n. 原理，原那么;信念on principle 原那么上principal adj. 主要的n. 校长，负责人;托付人5. meaningfulness n. 富有意义mean v. 表示意思，意味着;准备meani

3、ng n. 意思，意义meaningful adj. 有意思的，意味深长的meaningless adj. 没有意6. organization n. 组织;机构organize v. 组织7. association n. 结合，结合;交往;协会associate v. 使结合;把联想起来;交往 ( associate with )associate adj. 副的an associate professor 副教授an associate editor副主编8. Visualization n. 想像，设想visualize v. 设想，想像visual adj. 视觉的;看的见的;形象化

4、的9. Rhyme v. 韵，押韵Rhythm n. 节奏10. ability n. 实力，才能11. random adj. 胡乱的，随意的，随意的n. 无目的或目的This is just a random selection of all the complaints we have received about our after service.(我们只是对所收到的有关售后效劳方面的投诉随意地选择了一下。)He opened the books at random.(他胡乱地翻开了书。)12. categorize v. 分类category n. 种类;范畴;部门If you c

5、ategorize the information you need to remember， you will find it much easier.(假如你把所需记忆的信息分类，你就会觉得记忆起来要简单得多。)13. following adj. 接着的，下述的prep. 在之后The following examples will prove my point.(下面的例子将证明我的观点。)Following the discussion a decision was made.(探讨之后便做出了确定。)14. needless adj. 不须要的，不必要的Needless to sa

6、y， I dont think much of the proposal he put forward at the meeting.(不用说，我觉得他在会上提的建议不怎么样。)You dont have to take such a needless risk.(你不用去冒这种不必要的险。)15. Refer v. ( to ) 提到，涉及;参考，查阅;把归到上;使向请教;有关联Reference n. 参考;提及;关联He referred to her former classmates for her character.(他向她以前的同学询问她的品德。)He referred his

7、 defeat to poor health.(他把自己的失败归因于身体不好。)These answers are for reference only.(这些答案仅供参考。)16. relate v. ( to ) 有关联;表达，讲解并描述related adj. 有关的，相关的relation n. 关系，联络I dont understand how the result related to / with the cause.(我不理解结果和缘由如何关联。)Dont worry too much about them， they have very good relations.(别太

8、为他们担忧，他们的关系很好。)17. accurately adv. 精确地，精确地accurate adj. 精确的，精确的accuracy n. 精确，精确18. memorize v. 熟记，记住19. repeat v. 重复 repetition n. 重复20. preserve v. 爱护，维持;保存词缀法1. 名词后缀 -ation; tion; sionorganization，visualization，information，preservation，integration，relation，association，repetition，separation，additi

9、on2. 动词后缀 -izeorganize，memorize，visualize，categorize，familiarize3. 名词后缀 -encereference，difference4. 名词后缀 -itysimilarity，familairity本课简介本课介绍了在如何增加记忆方面心理学所做的探讨。信息的意义，组织，联想和想像是有助于记忆的几个根本原那么。如何运用这些根本原那么呢课文对此一一作了介绍，条理非常清晰。学了本课，信任会有收获。本课语言点1. Psychological research has focused on a number of basic princip

10、les that helps memory.research 在本句中做名词，这个词也可以做动词用。请看下面的例句，留意research的词类和用法：Scientists have been researching on / into the causes of brain damage.(科学家们始终对脑损伤的起因进展探讨。)focus on 是一个常用词组，意思是“集中，在生词部分已作了较为具体的讲解，在此，请翻译几个句子：她觉得很不自由，因为全部的目光都凝视着她。(She felt very uneasy as all eyes were focused on her.)a number

11、 of 的意思是“很多。请看下面的例句，留意a number of 和the number of 的区分：1) A number of factories have been shut down because of pollution problems.(由于污染问题很多工厂被关闭了。)2) The number of students in our school increases every year.(我们学校的学生人数每年都在增加。)2. It is useful to know how these principles work.it 在句中做形式主语，真正的主语to know h

12、ow these principles work，此类构造我们在第一和第二单元已有理解。请看下面的句子：It is important to find out why the forest fire broke out.(找出森林大火的缘由很重要。)It is difficult to know what he is thinking about.(要想知道他在想什么很困难。)work 在本句中的意思是“起作用;产生影响，3. Meaningfulness affects memory at all levels.affect 是动词，意思是“影响。经常会有一些英语学习者把动词affect和名

13、词effect混淆，请留意下面的句子：1) The drought would surely affect the harvest.(这场干旱确定会影响到收成。)2) We could all see the effects of the illness on him.(我们都能看出那场病在的身上的影响。)4. Information that doesnt make any sense to you is difficult to remember.that引导的定语从句修饰information; 主句是Information is difficult to remember.不定式to

14、remember 用在做表语用的形容词后面作状语。make sense 的意思是“有意义;可理解。请看下面的句子：His explanation makes no sense to his students.(学生们不理解他的说明。)5. Organization also makes a difference in our ability to remember.动词不定式to remember在句中做定语，修饰名词ability.请看下面的句子：He has kept the promise to come early in the morning.(他遵守了一大早来的诺言。)make a

15、 difference 的意思是“有关系;有影响;起作用。请看下面的句子：1) What he said would not make any difference in my decision-making.(他说的话不会对我做确定产生任何影响。)2) Your participation in the work will make a great difference.(你参及我们的工作，状况就不一样了。)6. Material that is organized is better remembered than jumbled information.句中的better是副词well的

16、比较级形式，意思是“更好地。请看下面的句子：This job is better paid than that one.(这份工作的酬劳比那份高。)information是一个不行数名词，不能在其后加“-s。请看例句：7. Chunking consists of grouping separate bits of information.在第一单元的Text B中我们已经对consist of有所理解。这一词组的意思是“由组成，它及be made up of;be composed of 的意思相近，但consist of 不用被动语态。请看例句：1) The United States c

17、onsists of 50 states.(美国由50个州组成。)2) Our class is made up of 45 students.(我们班由45名同学组成。)a bit在句中的意思是“一点，一些，它可以用在形容词的前面， 但是不能用在名词的前面。在名词前面必需用a bit of.请看下面的例句：1) I am a bit tired today.(我今日有点累。)2) I would appreciate it if you could give me a bit of good advice.(假如你能给我一点宝贵建议我会很感谢的。)8. Categorizing is ano

18、ther means of organization.句中的means是一个名词，意思是“方式;手段，它不是动词mean的第三人称单数。请看下面的例句：Email is a modern means of communication. (电子邮件是一种现代通讯方式。)9. Many people will group them into similar categories and remember them as follows：group into在句中的意思是“把分组;把归类。请看例句：as follows 的意思是“如下，请看例句：1) The full text reads as f

19、ollows： (全文如下：)2) The results are as follows： (结果如下：)10Thus forming an integrated image with all the information placed in a single mental picture can help us to preserve a memory.划线部分是该句的主要成分，forming an integrated image动名词短语做主语，can help做谓语，us to preserve a memory做复合宾语。斜体部分是一个“with + 名词 + 过去分词的独立构造，

20、做方式状语，修饰动名词短语forming an integrated image.不定式及名词或代词构成复合构造，做动词宾语的现象在英语中很常见，在前几讲中我们也遇到过。再请看几个例句：1) Would you like Tom to go with you(你情愿汤姆和你一起去吗)2) He wants you to see him in the afternoon.(他想让你下午去见他。)3) Father encouraged him to study harder.(父亲激励他更加努力学习。)4) I will get someone to help you.(我去找个人来帮你。)“with + 名词 + 过去分词的独立构造在英语中也很常见，请看例句：With the problem solved， the plan is going on smoothly.(随着这个问题的解决，方案正顺当进展。)“成千上万人疯狂下载。 更多价值连城的绝密英语学习资料，洛基内部隐私英语，技巧，策略请在 网上 申请报名