小学英语语法讲解.ppt

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1、小学英语l名词所有格l1，单数名词所有格：+s （有生命的） 如：grandmas housel2，复数名词所有格：+ 如：teachers officel3，两者共有的物品：后者+s 如：Jenny and Jeans bedroom.l4，两者分别拥有的物品：分别+s 如：Tims and Jacks toyl5，Of + 名词 (无生命的) 如：the map of China.l请归类可数名词和不可数名词。l A, book B, milk C, rice D, bus E, soup F, water G, tea H, hamburger l I, bread J, money K

2、, paper L, desk M, toy N, baby O, season P, egg Q, coffee R, computer S, tree T, meat U, pork V, tooth W, room X , pen Y, beef Z, chairl1, 可数名词：l2，不可数名词：ltwo glasses of water.l1, 一杯茶 l2， 两杯牛奶 l3， 三袋米l4，两碗水 l 5， 一片面包 l6，六张纸l用正确的所有格填空l1, _ bedroom is dirty. (Ben) 2, _ bag is nice. (My sister )l3, Is t

3、hat the _ bike (postman) 4, He is _ brother. (Mike and Tom)l5, those are my _ cars (friends) 6, 一幅中国地图_l月份：January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December l星期：周一：Monday；周二：Tuesday；周三：Wednesday；周四：Thursday；周五：Friday；周六：Saturday；周日：Sunday l时间计量单词 ：secon

4、d 秒, minute分 , quarter一刻钟 hour 小时 day 天 week 周 month 月 l1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。l名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。lIs this your book?lNo,，it isnt， its hers(her book)lThis pen is mine.l口诀：形容词性物主代词能力差，自己不能来当家，后面需把名词加。名词性物

5、主代词能力强，自己独来又独往。l 用所给代词的正确形式填空。l 1. These are _ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _( she ) sister.l 3. Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary.l 5. Now _(her parent) are in America.l 6. Those _children_ ( child ) are _ ( I ) fathers students.l 7. Do you know _ ( it ) name? 8. Mike

6、and Tom _ ( be ) friends.l改错。 l1. My am his classmate. l2. They all like I. l3. This is not she pen. l4. Our are the twins. l5. Thses are they desks. l6. lisen, her is singing a pop song. l7. Who is he?-His my cousin. l 选择正确的答案。l 1, Is _ new house larger than _?l A, you, them B, your, theirs C, your

7、, theml 2, _ classroom is here. _ is over there.l A, Ours, Theirs B, Our, Their C, Our, Theirsl 3, Let _ begin _ class.l A, us, us B, us, our C, we, ourl 4, Please give _ and _ friend some tea.l A, me, my B, I, my C, mine, minel 5, Here are two bags. _ is _?l A, Whos, yours B, What, your C, which, y

8、oursl 时间名词前所用介词的速记歌时间名词前所用介词的速记歌l 年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。 In 1998, in May, in this week l 遇到某天要用on，上午下午又是in。 On Saturday, On my birthday, l 要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。 in the morning, in the afternoon, in the eveningl 午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。 At night, at midnight, at dawn, at noon.l at用在具体时间点前，说“差”可要用上to， at 6:00, ten t

9、o twelvel 说“过”只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记， five past tenl 莫让岁月空蹉跎。l 其他介词口诀：l 和，同，随谁一起with I go to the park with my father.l 固定搭配help.with Can you help me with my backpack ?l 因为，由于for Thank you for your help.l 给 for I bought presents for my friend.l 小处at, 大处in at the door, at home, at school, in the world, in B

10、eijing, in China.l 步行，骑马，左右on on foot, on a horse, on the left , on the rightFrom to 从 到. From home to schooll Far from 离远 Guangzhou is far from Beijing.l 交通工具要用by by bike, by planel 1, I am sure you can catch up _ the others. l A, at B , from C, with D, tol 2, Is there a river _ the house? l A, to

11、B, of C, in D, behindl 3, Mr Webb comes _ Britain. l A, at B, from C, in D, to l 4, My grandfather is standing _ the dog and the desk. l A, between B, next to C, over D, for l 5, Its cold outside. Please _ your warm clothes. l A, put in B, take off C, put on D, put upl下册复习下册复习l 多个形容词修饰名词时，形容词排列顺序的原则

12、：口诀：“县官行令杀国材”。 l 县，即“限”，指限定词，如：the; a/an; this; that; your; my; hisl 官，即“观”，指观点或评价性形容词，如：lovely; interesting; beautiful; moving; instructivel 行，即“形”，指形状大小，如：large; big; small; little; round; square. l 令，即“龄”，指年龄及新旧，如：new; old; ancient; two-year-old l 杀，即“色”，指颜色，如：red; green; orange; brown l 国，指国家或出处

13、，如：Chinese; Japanese; home-made l 材，指材料，也就是用什么做的。如：earth; brick; glass; stone; concrete l 日记的格式l 英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记下当天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期(年、月、日)、星期。右上角写上当天的天气情况，如：Sunny, Fine, Rainy, Windy, Snowy, Cloudy等。l 由于记载的内容通常已经发生，谓语动词多用一般过去时。但也可根据具体情况，用其它时态。l 短语：l Star

14、t for, begin to do sth. Putinto , fill with keep a diary, by the road, crashed into, try to do sth, move into, dig a hole in,dig out, cut down the tree, save the tree, leaf-leaves. All over the world, on land, in water, see with our eyes, need to do sth, l 表示表情的词：happy, sad, angry, surprised, excite

15、d. l about a famous historical person(有关于一位著名的历史人物)、be born in /onl the father of modern China, go on， try to+动词的原形，started to+动原，begin to +动原，make a speech, in the forest, take from, give to , find found，hold-held, pay-paid(支付)，in the end, become poor and poor.l writer, painter, inventor, musician,

16、 scientist, film star, composer, politician, coach, dancer, singer, architect,l 主要句型：l 1. Dr Sun Yatsen was born in Guangdong.(地点前用in)l He was born in 1866.(年和月前用in)l I was born on August 17th, 1998.(有具体的日期时，用on)l 2. What do you mean?(你指的是什么意思？)l 3 He was against the emperor. l 4. He tried to change

17、 Xhina and free the people.l 5 In 1976, the Chinese people lost their Premier Zhou Enlai.l =Premier Zhou Enlai died in 1976.l 6. It doesnt matter.(没关系)l 7. Can you tell me more about him?(注意more的位置)l 8. When was he born and when did he die?l He was born in 1881 and died in 1936.l 主要语法：l 1、I think he

18、 loved the people and the people loved him.(宾语从句)l He died in 1791 when he was 35years old.(时间状语从句)l 2、In the 14th century 在14世纪 （指从1300年-1399年）l 3、the +形容词是指某一类的人。the poor 指穷人。l 4、 be 动词+行为动词的过去分词构成了被动语态。被动语态中的动词时态仍旧要考虑。l The 2008 Olympic Games were held in Beijing.（已经举行了，所以用被动语态的过去时态）l The 2010 As

19、ian Games will be held in Guangzhou.（还未举行，用被动语态的将来时）l 借书用语： l Do you have？l Let me see. Here it is.l Heres my library card. l How long may I keep it?(保留多长时间)l For two weeks. l Can I keep it a little longer?l But you must come and renew it.l 编写故事的句子l One day, a farmer was working in the fields.l Long

20、 Long ago, there was a tiger in the forest.l Once upon a time, there lived a tiger in the forest.l To pick up a hare is certainly easier than to work in the fields.l主要句型lNot any more. 不再lWait for a hare to appear.lWhat kinds of books do you like to read? (什么种类的书)lYou are too small for a meal.lLet me

21、 go! lThats very good of you.lDont move!l故事的寓意lDont wait for another hare. Go for it!lThe small can help the great.l情态动词的用法lMay I.? l-Yes, you may. / No, you cant.lCan I?l-Yes, you can./ No, you cant.lMust I ?l-Yes, you must./ No, you neednt.l 写出下列动词的过去式l isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_l play_ go_ ma

22、ke _ does_ dance_l worry_ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_l put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _l 选择填空l （ ）1 My parents bedroom is much _than mine.l A big B bigger C biggestl l ( ) 2 This bedroom is the _of the three.l A bright B brighter C brightestl ( ) 3 The old apartment had _rooms than the new one.l A many B mo

23、re C most l ( )4 I think the kitchen is _than the bathroom.l A dark B darker C darkestl ()5 Janet is _photos of her old house to her friends.l A showing B show C showedl ( )6 You are nearer to the school now,_you?l A are B were C arent l ()7 Your bed is prettier than before ,_it?l A is B was C isnt

24、l ( )8 The old bedroom _smaller than the new one. The new bedroom_l bigger than the old one. l A was is B was was C is is l ( )9 There _ a study in my old apartment.l A is B was C werel ( ) 10 My old house_ far away _our school.l A is from B was from C was forml 用动词的正确形式填空l 1 My mother _（is）born in

25、1960.l 2 The lion_ ( bite ) the net two days ago.l 3 He _( make ) a big hole last week.l 4 The cat _( catch) a mouse yesterday.l 5 What did he do? He _( try ) to change China.l 6 She _( sit ) under a big tree and _( read ) books yesterday morning.l 7 He _( become ) a doctor in 1995.l 8 Did you _( le

26、arn ) English at school.l Its 6:30 in the afternoon. Mr Chen is coming home from work He is opening the door. He is shocked. When he left home in the morning, he closed all the windows. But now the window of the living room is open. The books were on the shelves, but now they are all on the floor. T

27、he photo of Mr Chen and his wife were on the wall, but now it is on the sofa and it is broken. Mr Chen is rushing into the bedroom. The door of the wardrobe is wide open! A small box is on the bed! Mr Chen opens the box. There were two watches and 7,000 yuan in the box, but it is empty now! Mr Chen

28、is angry. He doesnt know what to do. Now he is rushing back to the living-room. He is calling the police. l 1) What is the room like when Mr Chen comes home? l A. It is tidy. B. It is clean. l C. It is messy. D. It is crowded. l ( ) 2) Where were the books in the living-room? l They were on the wall

29、. l They were on the sofa. l They were on the desk. l They were on the bookshelves. l ( ) 3) Where is the photo of Mr Chen and his wife?l It is on the sofa.l It is on the wall.l It is on the bookshelves.l It is on the floor. l ( ) 4) Where is the wardrobe?l Its in the living room.l Its in the bedroo

30、m.l Its in the study.l Its in the kitchen. l ( ) 5) What was in the small box?l One watch and some books.l Two watches and some money.l One watch and one photo.l Two watches and some books. lYao Ming was born in 1980. Both his parents were basketball players. Yao Ming was not much taller than the ot

31、her boys in his class before grade 4. But later, he was much taller, taller than any other boys in his school. At the age of 10, he started to play basketball. He loves this game and became very good at it. But he had other hobbies. He liked swimming too, but not very good at it. He once played tabl

32、e tennis. He liked making model planes too. He was not the best student in school. He liked some subjects but disliked others. For example, he liked science and history, but not maths. When he was young, he wanted to become an archaeologist. Did he learn English in primary school? Well, yes, he did.

33、 He started learning English at grade five. We all know that Yao Ming is very tall. But when people asked him “Do you prefer to be clever or to be tall?”, guess what he said? “Clever,” he said.l插图：姚明小时候和现在的图片各一张l1) What did Yao Mings parents do?l _l2) Was Yao Ming much taller than the other boys whe

34、n he was in grade 1?l _l3) At what age did Yao Ming begin to play basketball?l _l4) What other hobbies did Yao Ming have? l _l5) Was Yao Ming the best student in his school?l _l 选择答案选择答案l ( ) 1) Let me _ you my new room.l A. tell B. look C. watch D. show l ( ) 2) The room has two big windows, so it

35、is very _.l A. bright B. new C. far D. oldl ( ) 3) I walk to school. My new home is _ my school.l A. close to B. comfortable C. far away from D. likel ( ) 4) My brother was a _ when he was a baby. But now he is ugly. l A. good-looking B. naughty C. handsome D. healthyl ( ) 5) She was _ to look at. l

36、 A. nice B. good-looking C. good D. naughtyl ( ) 6) The naughty boys mother was angry that her son was _ again.l A. fit B. in trouble C. ill D. difficultl 用括号内所给的单词（名词、代词、形容词或动词）的适当形式填空（在每条横线上不一定只写一个单词）：（10分）l 1. Look at those _ (child). They _ ( swim) in the swimming pool.l 2. What language _your s

37、ister_ (learn) next year?l 3. Foshan _(have) a _(long) history(历史) than Zhongshan.l 4. They _(not play) badminton last Saturday morning They just _(stay) at home.l 5. Can I _(take) a message for _ (he)?l Poor Man!l Look at this man. What is he doing? Hes carrying a very big box. The box is full of(充

38、满) big apples. He wants to put it on the back of his bike and take it home. Can he do that? No, I dont think so. Why not? Because(因为) the box is too full(满) and too heavy(重). Look! Whats wrong? He drops the box. Poor man!l Exercises:A. Read carefully and write “T” for True and “F” for False beside t

39、he statements.( )1. The box is not very big.( )2. The box is full of apples.( )3. He puts the apples in the bag.( )4. He can carry the box home.l A new studentl Kate is a new student. She is twelve. She is from America. She can speak English very well and she can speak a little Chinese. She is in Na

40、njing. Her parents are doctors. Kate is studying in a school near her home. She has classes from Monday to Friday. On Saturdays and Sundays, she often plays games with her Chinese friends. She loves China and her Chinese friends. l Exercises:A. Read carefully and write “T” for True and “F” for False

41、 beside the statements.( )1. Kates hometown is in England.( )2. Her father is not a doctor.( )3. Her school is not far from her home.( )4. There arent any lessons from Monday to Friday.l Can You Find Bob?Hello, Betty. Please meet Bob at the station at nine oclock tomorrow morning. Go to the big cloc

42、k. Carry a green bag and wear a white hat. Hes not very tall but quite fat. He has short black hair and brown eyes. He also has glasses. He likes wearing(穿) blue trousers and a red sweater. Can you find him, Betty?l Exercises:A. Read carefully and write “T” for True and “F” for False beside the stat

43、ements. ( )1. Betty wants to find Bob at the station.( )2. Betty wears a green hat. ( )3. Bob is tall and fat.( )4. bob likes red trousers.l Hi, I am Susan. I am from the U.K.（英国）. But now Im studying（学习） in China. Im going to do many things(事情) in the winter holiday. First, Im going to finish my ho

44、mework. Then Im going to take a trip. Im going to Beijing. Its snowy in Beijing. There is white snow everywhere (到处). So Im going to make a snowman. I can ski. My parents will come to China and go with me. We are going to fly there. We are going to have a nice trip.l ( )1. Susan is from China . l (

45、)2. Now Susan is in Englandl ( )3. There is white snow everywhere in China.l ( )4. Susan is going to play with the snow in Beijing.l ( )5. They are going to Beijing by planel l It was Saturday. I got up early. I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside.

46、 “What a day!” I thought. “Its raining again.” Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lisa. “Lets go to the park,” she said. l “But Im still having breakfast,” I said.l “Dear me,” she said. “Do you always get up so late? Its one oclock!”l 1. ( )The man gets up early on Saturdays. l 2. ( )It was a beautiful day last Saturday.l 3. ( )It was raining outside.l 4. ( )Lisa is his aunts name.l 5. ( )The man had breakfast then.