浙江省2022年中考英语真题分类汇编：阅读理解（科普类）及答案.docx

《浙江省2022年中考英语真题分类汇编：阅读理解（科普类）及答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《浙江省2022年中考英语真题分类汇编：阅读理解（科普类）及答案.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、浙江省2022年中考英语真题分类汇编：阅读理解（科普类） 一、阅读理解 阅读理解Can anyone be an astronaut?Of course not. You dont have to have a science degree but most astronauts do. Most of them are pilots too. Life in a spaceship is hard so you must have a healthy body and mind. You need to be easy-going, patient, and helpful to spend

2、 so much time in a small space with other people.Whafs the training like?People have to train for a year to learn how to stay healthy and safe. They practise space walking and living in zero gravity （重力） They train in difficult conditions to learn how to solve problems and to work in a team. Everyda

3、y tasks like eating, washing and sleeping can be difficult on a spaceship. There is no running water so you have to wash with wet tissues; its hard to enjoy the dry food that astronauts have to eat. And to sleep you must cover your eyes because the sun rises every 90 minutes on the International Spa

4、ce Station. You also have to tie yourself to something so you dont fly away!What health problems do astronauts have?Life in zero gravity causes changes to our bodies. Bones and muscles （肌肉）become thin and weak so you must do a lot of exercise in space to stay fit and to help the heart move blood aro

5、und your body. Astronauts often get backache because you grow in space-up to 8 centimeters! Its also common to have headaches and to feel sick, especially at the beginning. You must have vitamins to take the place of fresh fruit and vegetables. But you dont have to put on sun cream because space sui

6、ts protect your skin （皮肤）.Are you still interested?So now you know. If you want to go to space, study hard, learn to fly and take care of your body and mind.1. What is a must for an astronaut?A. A science degree.B. A pilots license.D. A weak character.C. A healthy body and mind.2. What must you do t

7、o prepare for a space trip?A. Experience zero gravity.B. wash with running water.C. Practise long walks.D. Sleep with your eyes open.3. . Why do astronauts have to exercise in space?A. To make their bones and muscles thinner.Since its creation in the late 1990s, the technology has become more and mo

8、re improved and widely used, with the 4 billionth Bluetooth objects shipped in 2020.28. How does the writer lead in the topic HBluetoothn in Paragraph 1?A. By describing scenes.C. By telling stories.29. With the setting up of SIG, BluetoothA. started to be used in carsC. improved and spread quicklyB

9、. By comparing facts.D. By explaining reasons.B. made radio waves known to peopleD. was able to connect all electronicsB. By comparing facts.D. By explaining reasons.B. made radio waves known to peopleD. was able to connect all electronicsA. developmentB. popularityC. standardD. advantage30. From Pa

10、ragraph 3, we mainly get to know the of Bluetooth.31. will most probably be interested in this text.A. Phone sellersB. Technology fansC. Newspaper reportersD. History lovers阅读理解Many people may wonder what the three Chinese astronauts* life was like when working in space. In fact, they did many of th

11、e things as we do on Earth.They brush their teeth, wash their hair and go to the bathroom. However, because of the microgravity（失 重）environment, they take care of themselves in different ways. They wash their hair by using the no-rinse shampoo to get it clean because there are no real showers in the

12、 spaceship.Astronauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. But how much they eat depends on the astronauts. A small woman astronaut often needs only about 1,900 calories （卡路里） a day, while a large man requires about 3,200 calories. So there are many kinds of foods ready, such as fruit

13、s, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. They can also drink coffee, tea and orange juice.Astronauts can have much fun, too. They look out of the window, enjoying the wonderful sunsets and sunrises which happen every 45 minutes. Very often, they play with their food or even jokes on their workmates. Beli

14、eve it or not, astronauts can even spend weekends, when they can watch movies, play music, read books and talk to their families.After a long day at work, , Just like on Earth, an astronaut goes to bed at a certain time, then wakes up and prepares for work again. But there are a few differences. Ast

15、ronauts have to sleep in sleeping bags in special cabins（柜子）.Generally, astronauts are planned to have eight hours of sleep. Like on Earth, they may wake up in the middle of their sleep to use the toilet. And astronauts also have dreams.As for Wang aping, she had another experience preparing for les

16、sons for the Chinese students far down on Earth.32. The passage mainly talks about.A. how astronauts work in spaceB what it is like inside a spaceshipC. what kind of people can be astronautsD. astronauts* daily life in the spaceshipFrom the passage we can learn that astronauts.A. have to take shower

17、s every two daysB are not allowed to play jokes in spaceC. can have many kinds of foods for their mealsD. seldom have dreams when they sleep in spaceWhich of the following can be put in the in Paragraph 5?A. it is time to make a phone callB reading is what an astronaut needsC. listening to music sou

18、nds like a good ideaD. nothing is better than a good night*s sleep. What was Wang Yapings special experience in space?A. Making different kinds of foods.B Taking care of the other astronauts.C. Writing a report about space travel.D. Giving a lesson to students on Earth.答案解析部分【答案】I. cA2. BA【答案】5. DC6

19、. AB【答案】9. CB10. DB【答案】13.BA14. D【答案】16.CB17. CD【答案】20. AB21. DC【答案】24. DA25. BB【答案】28. AC29. DB【答案】32. DC33. DDB - To help the heart work well and keep fit.C. To avoid backache and grow much taller.D. To stop their skins from getting sunburned.4. What is the text mainly about?A. What we need to kno

20、w to become an astronaut.B Why young people are interested in space trips.C. What problems astronauts must solve in space.D. Why we need to train hard before a space trip.阅读理解There are many different ways to solve a problem. One way is to be creative. People often think creative thinking is just for

21、 artists and designers, but this is not true. Dr. Edward de Bono, an expert in creative thinking and problem solving, has shown the world that using creativity to solve problems is very useful in business and in our communities, and will continue to be so in the future.One example of creative thinki

22、ng is the solution to a parking problem in a town center. In the areas close to stores, people can only park for 20 minutes. There are parking meters where people pay to park in these areas. However, the problem is that many people leave their cars there for longer than 20 minutes. Dr. Edward de Bon

23、os solution is to make a rule that all cars parked in these areas must keep their headlights on. Of course, drivers will want to return to their cars before their car batteries （蓄电池）die.According to Dr. de Bono, people will need to use creative thinking more often in the future. To help people think

24、 more creatively, he designed the HSix Thinking Hat1 system （系统）.The system helps people think about a problem in different ways in order to find a solution. In the system, there are six imaginary hats of different colors. Each hat symbolizes a different way of thinking. For example, the white hat h

25、elps people consider the facts. The black hat is the most logical （有逻辑的）and helps people consider why a possible solution may not work. So, next time you have a problem in your community, think about it creatively, from different perspectives, and see what ideas you have.5. . What is the topic of th

26、e text?A. Being a creative artist in the community.B. Doing business successfully in the future.C. Asking experts for some useful advice.D. Using creative thinking to solve problems.6. Why is the example mentioned in Paragraph 2?A. To express a result.C. To support the topic.B. To describe a problem

27、.D. To list some numbers.7. What does the underlined word perspectives in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Ways.B. Places.C. People.D. Rules.8. Which of the following is true about the HSix Thinking Hatsn system?A. The system is used to help people think quickly.B The white hat helps people think about the facts

28、.C. The black hat has to do with peoples feelings.D. Six hats of different shapes can be very helpful.阅读理解Smartphones are getting boring. The new models are either a bit faster or have better cameras, but they are basically no different from the ones already in our pockets. This is why scientists ar

29、e hoping, and working for something new, something that will change our lives just as greatly as smartphones do. At the moment, the next invention might be smart glasses.Just imagine. Instead of having to pick up your phone and look at the screen, all of the information you need simply appears just

30、in front of you, in your glasses. Satellite navigation （导航） directions would appear right there on the road. And your smart glasses could guide you to the right shelf in the supermarket!Smart glasses could also be used in industry. They could show engineers the instructions they need to fix things m

31、ore quickly. A doctor could carry out a difficult operation, guided in real time by someone on the other side of the world.This may sound impossible. But most of the technologies to invent them are already there. For example, one key technology is called AR, which can make digital 3D objects appear

32、as if they are part of the real world. Weve used it a lot on our video call. Similarly, huge progress has been made in spatial audio. This is when a sound is made to give it a sense of place, like what you hear in an empty room. Some high-end earphones can already do that. Future glasses will of cou

33、rse need to recognize （识别）your voice to do tasks. rfhis technology has been widely used in our daily life.So, why arent we all wearing smart glasses yet? So far, no one has invented a good way to send images （映像）of our world onto glasses. However, with the rapid development of technology, smart glas

34、ses could arrive much sooner than we think.9. Why does the writer mention smartphones in Paragraph 1?A. To start a story.C. To introduce a topic.B. To explain an idea.D. To discuss a problem.10. What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about?A. When smart glasses might be made.B Where smart glasses could

35、be used.C. How smart glasses would give directions.D. Why smart glasses should be changed.11. Which of the following technologies needs to be improved to invent smart glasses?A. Making spatial audio.B. Recognizing voices.C. Creating digital 3D objects.D. Sending images onto glasses.12. How might the

36、 writer feel about the future of smart glasses?A. Bored.B. Confident.C. Satisfied.D. Uncertain.阅读理解How do you look after your catIntroductionThe first step to becoming a good cat owner is to choose the right kind of cat. It is how a catbehaves that is the most important, not what she looks like or h

37、ow old she is. She is going to be yourbest friend. You will spend a lot of time playing together. But remember, you need to look after herevery day. Not just to start with, but for all her life.Understanding your petBy watching your cat closely, you will learn her special way of talking. From the mo

38、vement of hertail or ears, you will see if she is happy or sad. And you will soon understand what she is saying whenshe miaows.Caring for your petYou will only be your cats best friend if you care for her properly. You will need to make sure that she eats the right foods, always has water, and can g

39、et plenty of exercise every day. You will also have tobathe （给洗澡）her often and spend some time training her.13 . How long will you need to look after your cat?A. For some days after she*s born.B.For the whole of her life.C , Until she has babies of her own.D.Until she is badly ill.14. To understand

40、your cat, you need toA. watch her very carefullyA. watch her very carefullyB.bathe her oftenC. talk to her every dayD.feed her proper food15. The last part of the passage describesA. which food cats like bestB how difficult it can be to train catsC. the type of exercise cats enjoy mostD. the things

41、cat owners need to do阅读理解Recently, many people think its risky to use credit （信用）card numbers online. However, from time to time, we all use passwords and ID numbers on the Internet. We think we are safe, but that may not be true! A new kind of attack （攻击）is being used by dishonest people to steal I

42、Ds and credit card numbers from web surfers. This new kind of attack is called phishing”.Phishing sounds the same as the word fishing”, and it means that a thief is trying to trick people into giving away valuable information. Like real fishermen, phishers use bait （诱饵）in the form of great online de

43、als or services. For example, phishers might use false emails and websites to trick people into revealing （透露）credit card numbers, account usernames, and passwords. They imitate （模仿）well-known banks, online sellers, and credit card companies. Successful phishers may make as many as 5% of the people

44、believe and give away their personal information.Its really a big problem! Actually, tricking 5% of the online population is huge. Now more than 4.6 billion people have access （进入权）to the Internet, and 75% of those Internet users live in the wealthiest countries on Earth. It has been reported that p

45、hishers send more than 40 billion false messages each year. Even by tricking only 5% of the people, phishers can make a lot of money.Amy, 18, from California, received an email. A man told Amy that she could get a million dollars in her account as a reward if she sent a thousand dollars to him. Amy

46、did as the man said at once. The thief” usedAmys Social Security number to get credit cards in her name and transferred her money.How can people avoid being cheated online? Above all, they have to learn to recognize the email that has been sent by a phisher. Always be careful with any email with urg

47、ent (紧急的)requests for personal information. Phishers typically write upsetting or exciting, but false, statements in their emails so that people will reply right away. Never give out personal information to phishers. And if an offer sounds too good to be true, it is.16. Phishing is compared to accor

48、ding to the passage.A. making money B. playing games C. catching fish D. writing emailsWhich writing skill is used in Para. 3?A. Giving examples.B. Listing numbers.C. Raising questions.D. Using sayings.17. Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “transfer in Para. 4? transferv. (transferred, transferring) 二 to move from one place, school job etc to another ,(2)to connect the call of someone to someone else*s ,二 to move money from