must与have to的区别many、much、some、any、a lot of、a few、a little的区别(5页).doc

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1、-一、must、have （got）to的区别1、 must （情态动词）必须，一定要。表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句中。由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答用must或have to，否定回答用neednt或dont have to，意思为不必，不需要。mustnt表示禁止，不能，不许。-You must see the doctor, Joe. You dont look very well.-You mustnt play with fire, you may burn yourself.-Must I clean the window now? -No, you neednt

2、. Must也可以表示肯定的猜测，常用于肯定句中，意思为一定是，必然。-Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital.-It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.-Harry has been reading all day, and he must be tired.2、 have to 与 have got to 常可以互换，不得不，不得已，必须，是一种客观的需要，属于被动情况。否定形式是dont have to，相当于neednt。-My mother is out, so I

3、 have (got) to look after the shop.-Jacks ill, so they have got to change their plans.-They dont have to buy a computer at present. 另外，must没有时态的变化，过去时或将来时必须用have (got) to -I must go to Shanghai today.-I have to go to Shanghai tomorrow.3、 have got 意思为拥有，相当于have，常用于口语中。一般用于一般现在时中，在过去时，完成时或进行时中只能用have。

4、可以和情态动词合用。-We must have got a car.-I had a good job last year in Shanghai. 但在助动词或动词不定式之后，只能用have，不能用have got。-I dont have a bike.-Do you have a bike?2、some、any、many、much、a lot of、few、little的区别* some: 一些，有些（表示不确切的数量或数目）。可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。主要用于肯定句中或带有请求的疑问句中。-We need some meat, and we need some potatoes.*

5、Any: 一些，少许。 可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。主要用于否定句和疑问句中。-We havent got any meat at all. Do you have any?* many: 许多，大量。用于修饰可数名词，如 she has got many cars.-We havent got many tomatoes, but we have got much tea.* much: 许多，大量。用于修饰不可数名词，too much water（太多水）。-I have got much money, I can buy many books.* a lot of: 等同于 lots o

6、f。许多，大量。 可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。与many、much意思相同，但其不可以修饰年、月、日、时等时间单位。如：I lived here many years.另外，a lot 可作为修饰性的短语状语，如：Thanks a lot! 非常感谢！-We need a lot of things this week.* few: 少数的，很少的，几乎没有 a few 少数几个。用于修饰可数名词。-I have a few friends, but he has few friends. 我有几个朋友，但他几乎没什么朋友.* little: 少数的，很少的，几乎没有 a little 少数几个。用于修饰不可数名词。-I have a little money, but he has little money.我有一些钱，但他几乎没有。第 5 页-