江苏开放大学综合英语（进阶）形考作业三.docx

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1、我的课程综合英语（进阶）阶段性小结三形成性考核作业三（占总成绩7. 5%）作业详情0Cl. Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given in a word bank below. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each blank.A.motivatingB.pay a big priceC es down to D.enlightening E. violatesF. wou

2、ld rather G. make concessionsH e in handy I.prejudicedJ. compose1. If you be alone, we will leave here.2. The Prime Minister has made it clear that he wont to the strikers.3. It is a good opportunity for us to invest in the project, but it money in the end;that is how much money we can afford to inv

3、est.4. You will need to prove the noise made by your neighbor the regulations.5. She frowned at the sales report, making an effort toherself before she talked to the employees.6. Although personally we believe this to be of only secondary importance, its potential rolein innovative acts cannot be ig

4、nored.7. Please don，t forget the Tourist Guide, which should when you travel to different places in Asia and Europe for the next few weeks.8. She didn，t want to marry him and was against him because he didnt meet her expectations for marriage.9. You will for not learning English;you never know how m

5、uch you will miss without being able to speak English.10. To study a number of subjects in the humanities has been both enjoyable and, providing me with a new and different perspective on the world in which we live.客观题总分值：20分得分：20分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分第6空分值：2分第7空分值：2分第8空分值：2分第9空分值

6、：2分第10空分值：2分正确答案：F； G； C； E； J； A； H； I； B； D学生答案：F； G； C； E； J； A； II； I； B； D老师点评:答案解析:C2. Read the passage and select one word for each blank.A.vanishB.absolutelyC.rivalD. impliesE.accumulatingF. betterG.TheoreticallyIL ratherI.becauseJ. probabilityIn my opinion, making a decision 1 that there ar

7、e several options for us to think about. Sometimes, we have to choose from 2options, and in such a case we want not only to identify as many of these difficult choices as possible, but also to choose the one that has the highest 3of success. To achieve this goal, every carefully chosen decision must

8、 be made in the light of a preset standard. Also,，zDo itorDont do itdoes not qualify as a set of alternative choices. OnlyDo thisorDo something elsez，really qualifies. (By Steven)4, the winning strategy of decision-making is to sufficiently reduce uncertainty to allow a reasonable choice to be made.

9、 However, many of us are expectedly unreasonable. We can，t bear to let any opportunities 5 nor can we even stand the temporary pain. We have a tendency to seek more information than required to make a complicated decision. However, when too much information is sought and obtained, 6 than restricted

10、options,several problems can arise. (By Judy)Thats 7 true.For example, when so much information is available, our decision-making ability actually declines 8 the information can no longer be managed with conscious effort. A major problem caused by information overload is forgetfulness. We are natura

11、lly prejudiced that more is 9. However, when too much information is taken into memory, especially in a short period of time, some of the information that was received earlier will be pushed out. Therefore, 10evidence shows that more is not necessarily better. (By Jason)客观题总分值：20分得分：20分第1空分值：2分第2空分值

12、：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分第6空分值：2分第7空分值：2分第8空分值：2分第9空分值：2分第10空分值：2分正确答案：D； C； J； G； A； H； B； I； F； E学生答案：D； C； J； G； A； H； B； I； F； E老师点评:i3IC3. Reading comprehension. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work,

13、all-night cable TV and the Internet, earths creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms. Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply, our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and men need between eight and eight and a

14、half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives. (Contrary to popular belief, humans don，t need less sleep as they age.)But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night,a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910. Whats worse, nearly one

15、 third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, thats not nearly enough.Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many pr

16、oblems are caused by staying up late and by travelling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Centre in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him w

17、ith possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep, /zJones says.Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. z，My motto (座右铭)isSleep defensively, says Mary Carskadon of Brown

18、 University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep,even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines一like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day一are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference.As with Elsner, who used to suffer from sleeplessne

19、ss, a few life style changes一avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bed-time, relaxing with a hot bathyield better sleep.1. What do we learn about human sleep from the second paragraph?A)Most people need less sleep when they grow older.B)Most people need seven and a half hours o

20、f sleep every night.C)On average,people in the US today sleep less per night than they used to. D)For most people, less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night is enough.2. For our bodies to function properly, we should.A)sleep for at least eight hours per nightB)believe that we need less sl

21、eep as we ageC)adjust our activities to the new inventionsD)be able to predict the rhythms of our biological clocks3. According to the author, many sleeping disorders are caused by.A)other diseasesB)improper sleep patternsC)pre-bedtime exercisesD)chronic fatigue syndrome4. Which of the following mea

22、sures can help you sleep better?A)Having late meals.B)Travelling between time zones.C)Staying up late.D)Taking a hot bath.5. What does the author mean by sayingSleep defensively77 (Para. 4) ?A)People should go to a doctor and have their problems diagnosed.B)People should exercise immediately before

23、going to bed every night.C)People should sacrifice other things to getting enough sleep if necessary.D)People should give up going to bed and getting up at the same time every day. 客观题总分值：10分得分：10分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正确答案：C； A； B； D； C学生答案：C； A； B； D； C老师点评:答案解析:1-11C4. Passage T

24、wo. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Some 23 million additional US residents are expected to become more regular users of the US health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform. Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help

25、the already burdened system manage the surge in patients. But putting people，s health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies(冗余).It is already shifting the very way we seek and receive health care.“The social dynamics of care are changing,，zsays John

26、Gomez, vice president and chief technology strategy officer at Eclipsys, a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babiesultrasound (超声 波)images, and countless patients no

27、wadays use social networking sites to share information about conditions, treatments and doctors.With greater access to individualized health information一whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a phys

28、ician一the traditional roles of doctors and patients are undergoing a rapid transition. z，For as long as weve known, health care has been，I go to the physician, and they tell me what to do, and I do it, says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center for Medical Informatics. Soo

29、n more patients will be arriving at a hospital or doctor，s office having reviewed their own record,latest test results and recommendedarticles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care pro

30、vider or consulting a personal health record or smart-phone application to answer their questions.These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun. Although the majority of US hospitals and doctors，offices are still struggling to start

31、 the changeover, many patients already have electronic medical records一and some even have partial access to them.The MyChart program, in use at Cleveland Clinic,the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal (门户)through which patients can see basi

32、c medical information as well as some test results.Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting afundamental change in how care is provided”, Gomez says.online?A) It B)It Olt D)It1. What does the author say about putting patient information in databases and enables more Americ

33、ans to join the health care system, contributes to the passage of health care reform, increases the burden of the US health care system, changes how people seek and receive health care.Gomez?A) ToB) ToC) ToD) To2. What do many patients use social networking sites to do according to John improve thei

34、r social interactions.post their latest CT scan images, share information about their health care, show their babies，recent pictures.3. According to Nitu Kashyap, more patients in the future will.A)refuse to follow their doctors，adviceB)be more dependent on their doctorsC)leave out their visit to do

35、ctors，offices and hospitalsD)have their illness cured through e-mail4. It is stated in the fifth paragraph that.A)nationwide digitalization of medical data will begin soonB)most of US hospitals and doctors are against the shiftC)patients are worried about the security of their health informationD)pa

36、tients are starting to make use of their electronic medical records5. The best title for A)The Future of Your B)Challenges Against C)Benefits of the USthis passage could be. Medical Data Doctors and Hospitals Health Care Reform客观题总分值 第1空分值 第2空分值 第3空分值D)How to Access and Share Your Health Information

37、10分得分：10分2分2分2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正确答案：D； C； C； D； A学生答案：D； C； C； D； A老师点评：答案解析:C5. Passage Three. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.“Sushi tastes amazing. A great steak is just amazing. z，Those are not the words you expect to hear from a leader of the vegetarian movement. But thats h

38、ow Graham Hill, founder of the sustainability website Tree Hugger,feels about the fleshier components of his diet. He is a self-describedz，weekday vegetarian”, a compromise that came about after years of trying一and failing一to adhere to a strictly vegetarian diet.For the past year, Hill has preached

39、the cause of partial vegetarianism to help fight global warming. According to the UN, the livestock industry produces 18%of the world，s green house gases. Part-time vegetarians, also known as flexitarians, choose what to eat and when. The popular Meatless Monday movement, which began in 2003, has be

40、en backed by many celebrities, including Paul McCartney, who has spearheaded($ 先)his own Meat Free Monday campaign. Last year the Belgian city of Ghent picked Thursday as its Veggieday, calling for meat-free options to be served that day in schools and public institutions.The drive to avoid eating m

41、eat on certain days is not new. Catholics have long been urged to abstain(自我克制)on Fridays. But environmentalists have only recently caught onThe surge is due to a sense of a plateau. You，ve already reached out to the base of strict vegetarians, and it，s hard to get beyond those numbers, z，says Peter

42、 Singer, a Princeton philosophy professor and the author of AnimalLiberation. People should go further, but its progressed in the right direction.，zAlthough the American Dietetic Association(ADA)doesn，t track the number of part-timers, the group says roughly 2. 5%of Americans are strictly vegetarian

43、, a diet that poses no health risks as long as practitioners get enough protein from beans and other nonmeat sources. Z，A partial-vegetarian plan is a little more user-friendly,，zsa.ys Dawn Jackson Blatner, a flexitarian and ADA spokesperson.The goal for many activists is simply to get more people t

44、o eat less meat. Absolute purists should be living in a cave, “says Ingrid Newkirk, president of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals(PETA). Anybody who witnesses the suffering of animals and has a glimmer of hope of reducing that suffering can，t take the position that its all or nothing. We

45、have to be pragmatic. Screw the principle. z，1. The first quote of the passage is intended to show that.A)sushi and steak are both HilT s favorite foodB)the vegetarian movements are popularC)Hill isn，t a qualified leader of the vegetarian movementD)its difficult to be a strict vegetarian2. What is s

46、aid about Graham Hill?A)He doesn，t eat meat only on weekdays.B)He doesnt want to be a strict vegetarian.C)He is an environmentalist.D)He failed to lose weight.3. Why does Paul McCartney support the Meatless Monday movement?A)He wants to help fight global warming.B)He，d like to take this to promote h

47、is popularity.C)He is a Catholic avoiding eating meat on Mondays.D)He is an advocate of protecting animals.4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A)Part-time vegetarians account for nearly 2. 5%of Americans.B)A fully vegetarian diet may have no bad effect on health.C)Partial vegetarians are health

48、ier than strict vegetarians.D)Many celebrities are part-time vegetarians.5. According to Ingrid Newkirk,.A)people should adhere to a strictly vegetarian dietB)everybody should act to fight global warmingC)a partial-vegetarian plan works more sensiblyD)people should stop eating meat since its bad for health客观题总分值：10分得分：10分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正确答案：D； C； A； B； C学生答案：D； C； A； B； C老师点评：答案解析：C6. Translation. Translate the following passage into Chinese.When women wo