中考英语名词之可数与不可数名词超详细用法及练习.docx

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1、名词名词是用来表示人名、事物名称、时间、地点和抽象概念的词。（用符号n.来表示）名词到底学什么？一是名词的分类；二是名词的数；三是名词的所有格。第一节名词的分类专有名词：The Great Wall、Monday、England个体名词：boy、balk books名词J可数名词1集体名词:family、public公众、army军队J普通名词：,、不可数名词 物质名词:milk、water snow I抽象名词:love、peace和平、power【专有名词】表示具体的人或事物、地点、机构、团体、国家、节日等名称 的词叫专有名词。多为独一无二的事物。L表示人名、称呼和头衔的专有名词。Sam

2、山姆 Mr.Song 宋先生 Mum&Dad President Trump 特朗普总统2.表示星期、月份和节日的专有名词。Monday 星期一 Sunday 星期日 February 二月. Christmas Day 圣诞节3.表示报刊、杂志、书籍、文献和歌曲名的专有名词。Thames泰晤士报 Readers读者 Playboy花花公子4.表示国家、国家的人、国家的语言的专有名词。Chinese 中国人；汉语 England 英国 South Korea 韩国 America美国5.表示地名的专有名词。Beijing Europe 欧洲 Africa 非洲6.含有普通名词的专有名词。the

3、 Civil War 独立战争 the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Palace 颐和园三、选择填空( )1.1 can see three in the zoo.A monkeys B monkeies C monkey( )2. The pig has four.A. foot B. feet C. foots( )3. My two brothers are.A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen( )4.1 can see ten in the picture.A. sheep B. dog C. pig( )5. The

4、has three.A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches( )6. Can you see on the plate?A. bread B. breads C. breades( )7. The girl often brushes her before she goes to bed.A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth()8. Mr Black often drink some.A. milk B. milks C.milkes( )9. There are some on the floor.A. waterB.

5、toyC.books( )10. Lucy has some.A. photo B. photos C. photoes( )11. We havent got much for our barbecue. Will you go and get some ?A. pig B. cow C. meat D. potato()12.1 want to buy.A. two bottle of milk B. two milks C. two bottles of milk D. two bottles of milks( )13. There is some in the bowl.A. ric

6、e B. grapeC. cherry D .noodles( )14. Let*s go out for some fresh.A. gas B. air C. gases D. airs( )15. Many are singing over there.A. woman B. womenC. girlD. child7 .表示姓氏复数的专有名词。the Smiths史密斯一家 the Blacks布莱克夫妇8 .表示江河、湖泊、山脉、海洋、群岛等的专有名词。the Yangtze River 长江 the Mississippi River 密西西 比:可the Pacific Ocea

7、n 太平洋*注意：（1）专有名词首字母一般要大写（2）假设以冠词开头首字母不必大写【个体名词】表示单个人或事物的名词叫个体名词。 weeks, problems, computer, appleThere is a potato in the basket.He has two aunts.注意：个体名词前可以加冠词a/an,个体名词有复数形式。【集体名词】表示某一类人或事物总称的名词叫集体名词如family, team, class,policefamily,team,class等集体名词在句中作主语时，如果看做一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；强调集体中的成员时，谓语动词常用复数形式。His

8、family isnt large.他家人不多。His family are watching TV now.他的家人正在看电视。【物质名词】表示无法分为个体的东西。（不可数）milk, juice, ice,salt, fire, rain, meat, chalk一般来说，物质名词是不可数的，因而没有复数形式，但又一些特殊情况:1）有些物质名词可用作可数名词，表示“一份”、“一杯”：Two strong black coffees,please.请给我两份浓咖啡，不要加奶。Three beers,please.请来三杯啤酒。【抽象名词】表示品质、状态、情感等抽象概念的词。（不可数）age,

9、beauty,luck,workIts wonderful weather.天气好极了。Safety first! 平安第一 ！第二节名词的数可数名词有单复数形式，而不可数名词通常没有复数形式。表示一个人或一件事物用单数，表示一个以上的人或事物用复数。【一般名词的复数形式】但元音+y 结尾的词如：boys,toys,ways,monkeys,holidays,一般情况加法例如1.一般情况直接加Scars,apples,flowers,rulers,brothers,dogs2.以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾直接加esbuses,boxes, watches,dishes,foxes,fis

10、hes3.以辅音+y结尾的词把y改为 i,再加escity-cities,baby-babiesJady-ladies, country-countries4.以o结尾加esheroes,potatoes,tomatoes,mangoes以o结尾加S以元音力口 o,或 oo 结尾的词:videos, radios, studios,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos 外来词和一些缩写和专有名词：pianos, photos,kilos,5.以 f 或 fe 结尾 把 f 改为 leaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives, v, 再力口 es life

11、-lives,wolf-wolves(roofs,beliefs,chiefs)【不规那么复数形式】1 .常用名词不规那么的复数形式man - men woman - women tooth - teeth foot - feet goose -geesechild - children ox - oxen mouse - mice2 .表示“某国人”的单复数变化中 日不变 Chinese - Chinese , Japanese - Japanese英法变 Englishman - Englishmen , Frenchman - Frenchmen其余力口-s, American - Am

12、ericans , German - Germans , Australian - Australians彳列句:He is a Chinese. They are all Chinese.3 .单复数同形fish - fish sheep - sheep deer - deer4 .复合名词单数变复数时，主要词改为复数boy student - boy students son-in-law - sons-in-law5 .含man或woman的复合词，前后两词都要改为复数man doctor - men doctors woman teacher - women teachers小练一下：

13、写出以下名词的复数形式,无复数形式的（不可数名词）写country tooth water mouseboyfamilyknifewatchpaperdeer四、不可数名词busradioFrenchmansheep juicestrawberryfoxfishmanteaJapanesechildbabyphotowomanpeachricehorse1 .常见的不可数名词（物质名词和抽象名词） air, smoke, water, oil, soup,juice, drink, ink, rain, snow, ice, tea, coffee, milk,wine, sunshine,

14、heat, light, sugar, salt, rice,hair,furniture, food, meat, beef, fruit, bread, trouble, success, homework, housework, music, paperwork, information,weather.不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式【难点】 e.g.The food is very fresh.食物很新鲜。There is no room for these books.没有空间来放这些书 了。2 .不可数名词量的表示【重点】不可数名词不能与数词连用，假设

15、要表示相应的数量，那么需借助一定的单位词a piece of paper 一张纸a piece of paper 一张纸a piece of paper 一张纸a piece of bread 一块面包a bottle of water 一瓶水a cup of tea 一杯茶a glass of beer 一杯啤酒a drop of water 一滴水常用的数量词的表达结构：a glass of （一玻璃杯）,a cup of （一茶杯）,a bottle of （一瓶），a piece of （一片、和条等）,a loaf of （一块）,a pound of （一磅）,a pair of

16、（一双,副，条）,a bag of （一袋），等e.g.: （ ）What you usually have for breakfast?and a cup of coffee.B. do; Three pieces of breadD. are; Three piece of bread一瓶牛奶一箱苹果十名德国人A. do; Three breadC. are; Three breads英汉互译：1 .三张纸2 .四杯橘子汁3 .两公斤牛肉 常见的名词修饰词只修饰可数名词的修饰语few几乎没有a few有几个 several有几个many很多只修饰不可数名词的修饰语little很少，几乎没有

17、a little有一点儿much很多既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语some 一些 a lot of 很多 lots of 很多 plenty of 充足的enough足够的 most大多数的总结:过关检测：一、按要求填入单词的适当形式Two live in this building. (family)Look at those. (child)I can see a standing near the door, (policeman)1. There are some on the table. (glass). Would you like some? (bread)I ha

18、ve two. (sister). I like. (cat)2. . Do you want some for supper? (potato)He has two. One is old, the other is new.(watch)In autumn, you can see a lot of on the ground, (leaf)Two are in my refrigerator (冰箱).(peach)3. Look at those. (kid)Do you drink much? (coffee)There are 12 in my class, (boy)1 have

19、 bought a pair of in that shop. (shoe)16. He saw three in the field, (sheep)He doesnt like eating with and forks, (knife)are afraid of cats, (mouse) 二、单项选择。( )1. Benny saw three climbing the walls.A. thiefsB. thiefC. thievesD.thieve()2. 一What are those?一They areA. dearsB. a dear()2. 一What are those?

20、一They areA. dearsB. a dear()2. 一What are those?一They areA. dearsB. a dearC. deerdeeres( )3. turn green in spring.A. leafB.leaveC. leaves()4. The boy is thirsty. He would like.A. a cup of tea B. a bowl of chocolate piece of bread( )5.Maths my favourite subject.A. isB. amC. a box of chocolateC. areD.D

21、.leafD. aD. be()6. Theare looking for a little girl.A. policemanB. policemenC.policemansD.policemens( )7. Look! Those three are talking with three.A. Englishmen; GermenB. Englishmans; GermansC. Englishmen; GermansD. Englishmans; Germen( )8. Whats wrong with my sons? He cant see things clearly.A. eye

22、sB. earsC. mouth( )9. People in American eat much.A. potatosB. onionsC. beefhamburgers ( )10. How many can you see in the picture?A. tomatosB. tomatoesC. tomatotomato( )11.1 want something to eat .Please give me aA. bookB. watchC. shirt( )12. The cat caught two last night.A. mousesB. miceC. mousemic

23、es ( )13.The boy often brushes his before he goes to bed.A. toothB. toothsC. teethteeths ()14. 一Whats in the?D.noseD.D. theD. cakeD.D.There are some and in them.A. photos; potatos; radiosC. photos; potatos; radioes ()15. The dog has four.A. footB. feet( )16. Could you please give me ?A. any adviceB.

24、 some adviceadvicesB. photos; potatoes; radiosD. photos; potatoes; radioesC. feetsC. no adviceD. FootsD. any( )17. There is good fbr you. Tve found your lost watch.A. newsB. ideasC. messagesD.thoughts ( )18.1 am thirsty. Would you bring me, please?A. some bread B.some teaC.some cakesD.some eggs( )19

25、. A pair of glasses what I need at the moment.A. isB. areC. hasD. have( )20. Lao wang has just moved into a new flat.” Did he have to buy fbrit?A.many new furniture(家具)B. much new furnituresC. much new furnitureD.many new furnitures【课后作业】写出以下名词的复数形式1. house2. village3. map5. bag6.exercise 7.brush9.

26、bus_10.city_11. box13.class14. factory15. glass17. watch18. woman19. match21. wish22.Frenchman23. tomato25.kilo26. human27. potato29. shelf30.Japanese31.leaf33. life34.tooth_35. wife37.knife38. sheep_39. boy4. orange8. family12. baby16.dictionary.20. German 24. policeman28.Chinese 32. American,36. f

27、oot4O.child二、用所给单词的正确形式填空：1. There are three(chair) in the classroom.2. These(tomato) are red.3. My brother looks after two(baby)My father likes to eat(potato).4. Chinese(people)like to eat noodles.6.1 have a lot of(toy) in my bedroom.7. My mother wash(dish) in the kitchen.1.1 have two(pencil-box).9

28、 . There are some(bus)in the street.10 . Monster has eight(foot).11 .How many can you see?(radioes, radios)In autumn, you can see a lot of on the ground. (leaf). Look at those.(sheep). Give me that, please.(box)12 .Two live in this building. ( family).Look at those . (child)1 can see a standing near the door. (policeman).There are some on the table. ( glass)18 .Would you like some? (bread).Your (parent) are very helpful to you.19 .Do you want some for supper? (potato).He has two. One is old, the other is new. ( watch)