2023年人教版高考英语总复习第二部分考点培优训练 考点二十九选择性必修 第三册Unit 3Environmental Protection.docx

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1、二十九选择性必修第三册Unit 3Environmental Protection（限时60分钟）i.阅读理解AClimate change is changing the migration routes of animals worldwide. Take the mule deer for example. Every spring in Wyoming, vegetation first appears at lower altitudes before progressing up the mountainside. Migrating mule deer follow and se

2、ek food on this green wave. But as a changing climate leads to more frequent and more severe droughts, the greenery is not as abundant as it used to be.Ellen Aikens, a researcher from the University of Wyoming, tracked mule deer as they surfed the green wave. In comparison to wet years, the green-up

3、 lasted across the landscape for about half as long in drought years and was also fragmented. Although the deer were able to keep up with the faster green wave, the nutritional value was lower, leaving the animals less prepared for the challenges of the year ahead.Meanwhile in Europe, the population

4、 of Bewicks swans that spend the winter in the Netherlands is declining. But when researchers looked at the data more closely, they found an increase in the wintering population of swans in Germany. It turns out that since the 1970s, the swans wintering habitat has shifted an average of 13 kilometer

5、s to the east each year.“The swans like to spend time in areas where its 5. And the temperature line has shifted in the same rate as the swans shifted eastward,said Rascha Nuijten, an ecologist at the Netherlands Institute of Ecology.These findings are important to our understanding of the conservat

6、ion of migrant animals. When it comes to protecting a certain species, its not just about the current situation. Nature is dynamic. And the species that is present now might not be present in 10 years, not because we didnt protect it but because maybe it is dynamic in its way. We need to include the

7、 dynamics of nature into our legislation and management.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章通过黑尾鹿和天鹅的例子告诉我们，自然是动态的，呼吁 我们以动态的方式保护动物。1. Whats the challenge the mule deer face?A. Wet years.B. Low altitudes.C. Fast green wave.D. Lack of quality food.【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据第二段可知，绿色植被持续的时间减少，并且其营养价值 较低，这将导致黑尾鹿储备的能量不足以应对未来一年的挑战，由此可知，

8、黑尾鹿面临的挑 战是缺乏优质的食品。故选D。2. What do we know about Bewicks swans from Paragraph 3?A. They are endangered.B. They used to spend winter in Germany.C. They move their wintering habitats eastward.D. Germany has more of them than the Netherlands.【解析】选co细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，天鹅的越冬栖息地每年平均向东移 动13千米，由此可知，比维克的天鹅将越冬栖息

9、地向东迁移。故选C。3. What does Rascha Nuijten intend to tell us?A. Its warmer in the east.B. The 5 line shifts at a fast rate.C. The swans move with the temperature line.D. Climate change affects the swans feeding habits.【解析】选c。推理判断题。根据第四段可知,Rascha Nuijten告诉我们，温度线的移动速度 与天鹅向东移动的速度相同，由此可推断出，天鹅是随着温度线移动。故选C。4.

10、What is the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce two research findings.B. To appeal to protect animals in a dynamic way.C. To discuss methods of fighting climate change.D. To explain why animals change their migration routes.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，文章通过黑尾鹿和天鹅的例子告诉我们，自 然是动态的，因此，当我们在保护动物时，也需要在动态的条件下保护

11、动物，由此可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们以动态的方式保护动物。故选BeB（2022.枣庄模拟）Every day, Americans throw away 500 million plastic straws, enough to circle the Earth twice. They are almost never recycled, and simply contribute to the great problem of plastic pollution; eight million tons of plastic is dumped into the oceans every

12、year.Plastic straws are now the target of a growing movement to reduce their use. Possibly the first of such campaigns, Be Straw Free was started in 2011 by Milo Cress, who was only nine years old at the time.“I noticed that whenever I ordered a drink at a restaurant, it would usually come with a st

13、raw in it, and I dont usually need a straw, “ he said. This seemed like a huge waste. Straws are made of oil, a precious and finite resource. Is making single-use plastic straws, which will be used for a matter of minutes before being tossed away, really what we want to do with this resource?”Cress

14、started asking restaurants in Burlington, Vermont, where he lived at the time, to stop providing straws automatically to customer and make them optional instead. Many agreed and his request made ripples （涟漪）nationwide. The restaurants that make the switch report a reduction in the number of straws t

15、hey use between 50% and 80%.The anti-straw sentiment has crossed borders into the UK, where straws have been included in a government plan to ban all plastic waste by 2042.Last year large pub chain Wetherspoons announced that it would replace plastic straws with paper alternatives across 900 outlets

16、. After the announcement, many smaller chains and pubs across the country followed suit. According to Wetherspoons CEO John Hutson, the move will save 70 million plastic straws a year and the reaction from patrons has been “very positive”.Offering alternatives or making plastic straws optional, rath

17、er than banning them completely, is a common trait among these campaigns. There are many other viable alternatives to single-use plastic drinking straws that are less harmful to the environment, wildlife and humans saidJackie Nunez, founder of The Last Plastic Straw.【文章大意】本文主要讲了塑料吸管会造成很大的污染，一些地方采用可供

18、选择的塑料吸管或是替代品来减少塑料吸管的使用。5. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A. Plastic straws are too costly to produce.B. All plastic straws are dumped into the sea.C. Plastic straws are too small to be recycled.D. Plastic straws cause great pollution.【解析】选Do推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知塑料吸管会造成很大的污染。故选DoWhat did Milo Cress as

19、k his local restaurants to do?A. To make plastic straws optional.B. To stop the use of plastic straws.C. To charge the use of plastic straws.D. To reject the request for plastic straws.【解析】选Ao细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知Milo Cress让当地的餐馆使得塑料吸管可供选择。故选A。6. What is the Wetherspoons effort to reduce the use of plast

20、ic straws?A. To ban the use of plastic straws.B. To close some of its outlets.C. To offer customers alternatives.D. To seek the government9s support.【解析】选co细节理解题。根据第六段第一句可知为了减少使用塑料吸管,Wetherspoons为顾客提供了替代品。故选C。7. What is the Wetherspoons customers9 attitude towards the move?A. Uncaring.B. Favorable.C

21、. Ambiguous.D. Disapproving.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句可知Wetherspoons的顾客对这个策略持赞 成态度。故选B。II.阅读填句Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so. It will be

22、come more popular in the future. Yes, we are talking about the smart garbage can.2 The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage c

23、ans are being put into use. In Beijing, for example, a smart garbage can is equipped with an LED screen, which not only shows national policies on garbage classification but also shows the correct steps for garbage sorting. It can also calculate the weight of the garbage and the accumulated points o

24、ne can get. They can be traded for some articles of daily use. 3 Its body is actually a screen. It is equipped with some internal sensors. When people throw garbage into it, the internal sensors can automatically tell the types of the garbage. Meanwhile, people can see how to deal with them. 4Garbag

25、e disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue. 5 With smart garbage cans in our daily life, the idea of garbage sorting will become more established. Our dream of building a greener and more beautiful China will come true so long as we start to make sm

26、all changes right now.A. Garbage sorting has been a new fashion.B. Another kind of garbage can is even smarter.C. It is no wonder that residents cheered for their presence.D. Such a way of handling garbage has appeared in some cities.E. It will affect Chinas transformation towards green development.

27、F. Over 200 million tons of garbage is produced each year in some cities.G. The good habit of garbage classification can improve the living environment.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了智能垃圾桶在城市的试用，并有望得到推广， 有助于中国的绿色发展转型。1 【解析】选D。根据前两句可知，上文谈到了扫码扔垃圾的方式,D项中提到的“Such a way of handling garbage”与之呼应。故选 D。2 .【解析】选F。根据后句

28、可知，在城市的发展过程中环境问题成为令人头疼的问题。F项指 出了环境问题，即“每年一些城市造成2亿多吨垃圾二故选F。3 .【解析】选B。根据本段首句可知，该段主要讲述两种智能垃圾桶，设空处前介绍了装有 LED屏幕的垃圾桶，设空处后介绍了装有感应器的垃圾桶，此种垃圾桶更加智能。B项符合语 境。故选B。4 .【解析】选Co本段主要讲述两种智能垃圾桶，空处应该是对它们的出现给予评价。C项 符合语境。故选C。5 .【解析】选E。根据上一句可知，垃圾处理也是个大问题，空处应该进一步解释。E项符合 语境。故选E。III.语法填空It is normal to get new textbooks for t

29、he new term, but in fact, the 1.(consume)is huge, and so is the waste.Last year, about 2. 8 billion school textbooks 2. (sell) with consumers spending a total of 20 billion yuan. If these textbooks were reused for one year, the money saved could be enough for building around 40, 000 primary schools

30、in poor areas.Many college 3.(graduate) sell the textbooks they have accumulated over theyears 4.an average price of 1 yuan per kilogram. These textbooks are mostly used toproduce 5. (recycle) paper, but the cost is even higher than 6. of raw paper as the processing procedure is complicated.Publishi

31、ng houses and textbook distributors do not agree to the idea of7. （reuse） textbooks. Also, there is no unified （统的）platform and service support system for the second-hand textbook trade, which leads to8. （reliable） supply chains.Fortunately, some online platforms make it easier to get second-hand te

32、xtbooks. On Kongfz. com. the turnover of second-hand textbooks has seen an increase by over 30 percent 9.（annual） in the past three years. According to Sun Yutian, 10. is in charge of the platform, the total sales of second-hand textbooks this year have already exceeded （超过） 14 million yuan. Second-

33、hand books are more affordable and they are also of good quality.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。教科书的消费是巨大的，浪费也是巨大的，因此更多的人选择 使用二手教科书。1 .【解析】consumption/consumingo 考查名词。根据“It is normal to get new textbooks for the new term”可知，此处是指新课本的消耗，所以应用名词consumption/consuming（消费，消耗）作主 语。故填 consumption/consumingo.【解析】were sold0考查一

34、般过去时和被动语态。根据Last year可知，应用一般过去时。 动词sell（售卖）和主语textbooks构成被动关系。故填were soldo2 .【解析】graduates。考查名词复数。此处作主语应用名词形式,graduate作名词意为“毕业 生”，为可数名词。在many后应用复数形式。故填graduates。3 .【解析】at。考查介词和固定搭配。句意：许多大学毕业生以每公斤1元的平均价格出售 他们积累多年的教科书。表示“以的价格”应用介词熊故填熊.【解析】recycled/recyclableo考查形容词。修饰名词p叩er应用形容词。形容词recycled 意为“回收利用的”,r

35、ecyclable意为“可回收利用的。故填recycled/recyclableo4 .【解析】that0考查指示代词。此处代指前文提到的the cost,应用that。故填that。5 .【解析】reusingo考查动名词。介词of后应用动名词。故填reusing。6 .【解析】unreliable,.考查形容词反义词。形容词unreliable意为“不可靠的”，作定语修饰名 词。故填 unreliable0.【解析】annuallyo考查副词。修饰动词seen应用副词。故填annually。7 .【解析】who。考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sun Yutian,所

36、以应用关系代词who。故填who。IV.应用文写作假定你是李华，正在负责策划你校的“绿色校园”(Green School)活动，请给你的美国笔友 Henry写封邮件，向他介绍此次活动的内容并征求他的建议。注意:1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Henry,I have a favor to ask. We are to start a Green School campaign to inspire students to be environmentally conscious at school. Could you give us some ad

37、vice on our current plan at your convenience?We plan to play a 30 minutes5 video first, which is about how to save water, paper, cans and electricity at school. Students will surely be impressed by the striking figures and helpful tips. Then our science teacher will give a live show in the lab on what actually happens to those recyclable materials during the recycling process. This will be really popular.What else can we do? Looking forward to your constructive suggestions.Yours,Li Hua