非谓语动词--现在分词和过去分词精编版.docx

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1、 非谓语动词（II）-动词ing形式的用法（现在分词 / 动名词）划出下列句子中的V-ing形式，并分析其句子成分。 Smoking does great harm to peoples health. My job is looking after children. I have finished reading the novel. We have got a swimming pool in our school.(5) He made me angry by hitting my car.(6) Having heard the news, I wrote to him to com

2、fort him.(7) This is one of the new supermarkets being built in our city.(8) I heard him singing a song in the classroom.(9) Do you know the boy standing at the gate?(10)The news he told us is exciting概念动词的ing形式，在作非谓语动词时，根据其在句子中充当的句子成分，可以叫做现在分词或动名词。意义：表示主动，或动作正在进行。时态和语态： 一般时doing 完成时 having done 被动式

3、 being done句法功能：现在分词：现在分词的意义和作用：分词在句中可以作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语。动名词：在句子中可以作主语，宾语动词的ing形式在句子中充当的成分：Idoing作主语： 表示经常性的动作。 to do 常表示未发生的动作 Eg： Doing sports regularly is good for our health.1. _(早起) is too difficult for the lazy boy.2. _(多植树) can help protect the environment.3. _(打篮球) is my favorite sport.4. _(走路

4、上班) is a kind of green lifestyle.5. _(错过比赛时间) led to his failure.6. _(保护野生动物)means protecting ourselves.7. _(考试中作弊) is a terribly bad behavior.8. _(相信我们自己) makes a great difference to our study.9. _(照顾父母) is thought to be our duty.10. _(吸烟和喝酒) do harm to our health.*doing作主语时，可用it作形式主语的句型：It is + no

5、 use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore.)等名词 +doing sth. It is no use crying.哭没有用。It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。 It is a great fun playing football打篮球很有趣。II. doing 作表语 Eg: Her hobby is playing badminton. My mothers job is selling clothes in a big department store. Her answer s

6、eemed disappointing.1. What I like best is _(业余时间听音乐)2. The movie we saw last weekend is _(令人感动的)3. Her suggestion sounds _(令人惊讶)4. Our daily work is _(打扫街道)5. What he said in the meeting was _(令人鼓舞的)III. doing作宾语 有些动词只能用动名词作宾语： finish, practice, consider, like, dislike, appreciate, escape, deny, be

7、ar, avoid, mind, hate, . eg: a. You had better practise writing diaries in English every day. b. They are considering designing a new kind of robot. c. She cant stand living in such terrible surrounding.下列动词短语接动名词：cant help, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, be fond of, contributetodevot

8、e to, get used to, get accustomed to., be worth doing， have trouble / difficulty(in) doing sth.pay attention to, be addicted to ., spend.(in) doing., stop/provent/keep.(from) .Eg: a. He always has difficulty communcating with his parents. b. The woman devotes all her life to helping the poor in Afri

9、ca. c. Spending too much time surfing the Internet does harm to our mind.IV. doing作宾语补足语 doing 在感官动词和使役动词 + 宾语后，表示宾语正在进行的动作，充当宾语补足语。包括： see，find， watch，notice, hear， keep，make, have等。 Eg: a. When I passed the playground, I saw them playing football. b. Dont keep the boy standing outside, for its rai

10、ning. c. Can you hear someone calling you?1. On my way home yesterday, I saw a beggar _(lie) on the ground.2. The boss often keeps us _(work) till the midnight.3. Can you hear birds _(sing) in the trees?4. He noticed a police car _(come) and he ran away at once.5. When they finished the work, they f

11、ound the sun _(set) down.V. doing作定语doing 作定语，与被修饰的名词之间是主动关系，单个分词放在被修饰的名词前， 分词短语放在被修饰的名词后，称为后置定语。Eg: a. We all cant believe the surprising results of the competition. b. Mr. Robinson bought a sleeping bag for his sont camp. c. The woman wearing in a red dress is the chairman. d. Do you know the boy

12、standing near the window?1. The girl _(host) the ceremony is monitor of our class.2. There are lots of moneys _(jump) up and down in the national zoo.3. The police caught the thief _(steal) farmers cattle in the village.4. A Beenz _(run) terribly fast crashed a electricity bar by the road.5. Mr. Lis

13、 daughter works in a softwar company _(lie) in Shenzhen. VI. doing作状语 doing作状语，和其逻辑主语是主动关系，常表示伴随， 时间或原因状语。 Eg: a. Hearing the news, she couldnt help crying. b. The teacher came into the classroom, taking some gifts in her hands. c. Having written the work report, the manager turned off the lights an

14、d left. 1. _(see) the terrible scene, the little girl 2. He left a note to his mother, _(tell) that he would go hiking with his friends. 3. The children were quite excited and happy, _(play) the hide-seek. 4. _ (learn) her family background, the teacher paid more attention to her. 5. The little boy

15、looked excited, _(look) at the toys in the window. 6. A great number of refugees went to Europe, _(hope) that they could live a happy life. 7, The teacher came in, _(tell) us that our calss team won the final match. 8. _(fall) ill, her mother had got to ask for fiive dayss leave. 9. A group of visit

16、ors crowded into the reserve, _(take) photos of the rare plants. 10. Mr. Robert stayed in the darkness, _(think) over his job when his wife came back.非谓语动词（III）-过去分词一. 过去分词的意义. 过去分词表示 “被动”或 “完成”的意思。及物动词的过去分词往往既表示被动也表示完成,但有时只表示被动。不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成，不表示被动。如: the broken glass 打破的杯子(被动和完成) fallen leaves 落叶

17、(完成) the stolen cars 偷盗的车(被动和完成) a risen sun 升起的太阳(完成) 二. 过去分词作定语. 动词与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。1. 过去分词作定语的位置:单个的过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语常放在被修饰的名词后面，无逗号隔开Eg: a. He is a spoiled child. 他是个宠坏了的孩子. b. There were five deaths caused by the traffic accident. 有五个交通事故造成的死亡. c. I bought a book translated by a profe

18、ssor.我买了本教授翻译的书.2. 过去分词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别.过去分词与所修饰的词之间存在动宾/被动关系,表示一个已完成的动作;现在分词与所修饰的词之间存在主动关系,它表示一个正在进行的动作.现在分词的被动结构(being done) 表示一个正在进行的被动动作.Eg: a. The boy scolded by his father ran out of the house. b. The boy scolding his classmate was stopped by a girl.c. The bridge being built will link the two pa

19、rts of the city. 正在修建的那座桥将把城市的两部分连接起来(The bridge which is being built will link the two parts of the city.) d. The bridge built ten years ago was washed down by the flood. 十年前修建的那座桥被洪水冲跨了. (The bridge which was built ten years ago was washed down by the flood)三过去分词作表语1.过去分词作表语的位置.过去分词作表语多表示终于主语所处的状态

20、,常放在系动词(be , retain, seem, look, sound, get, become, keep)等词的后面. 相当于形容词.这类过去分词有:interested, excited, bored, tired, delighted, discouraged, astonished, worried, frightened, surprised, satisfied, amazed, confused, absorbed, moved, disappointed,等等。Eg: a. The door remained locked. 门锁着。 b. All of us were

21、 excited at the news. 听到这个消息我们都很兴奋. c.We are encouraged by his lecture. 他的讲话令我们鼓舞.四过去分词作状语：与主句的主语或宾语之间是被动关系，常与主句间有逗号隔开。 (现在分词作状语，与主句的主语或宾语间是主动关系，常与主句间有逗号隔开) Eg: a. Seeing the park from the top of the hill, we feel quite wonderful b. Seen from the top of the hill, the park is quite beautful. c. The c

22、hairman entered the meeting hall, followed by a group of employees. d. The chairman entered the meeting hall, following a group of employees.*在英语中有些表示“使人.”的动词，把其变成现在分词或过去分词当形容词使用,在句中可作表语, 定语或宾补。其中现在分词ing形式表示 “令人” 修饰物；过去副词ed形式修饰人（被动），这一类动词如下： Interest, excite, thrill, surprise, shock, amaze,astonish,

23、 amuse, please, annoy, confuse, upset, concern, worry, move, touch, satisfy, disappoint, inspire, encourage, tire, exhaust, frighten , terrify, scare, relax, embarrass, etc. 1. The ideas sounds _ and all of us feel _(inspire). 2. Seeing the _scene, the young woman was rather_(frighten). 3. His _speech made all of the audience _(encourage) 4. He quitted the _job because he has been _of it. (tire) 5. Facing such an _situation, I felt quite _(embarrass).