上海高考英语词汇手册整理(72页).doc

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1、-词汇手册整理1. abilitythe ability to do the capability of doing be (un)able to do be capable of sth/doing 1 主语可以是物 2 可以加不好的事 Cf. was able to do ( = managed to do = succeeded in doing sth) Could enable sb. to do2. (ab)normal adj. n. above normal below normal return to normal Cf. average adj. 平均的； 典型，有代表性的

2、 n. above/below average on (the) averageagainst an average of the average drivers common adj. 人人都有；到处可见 Its common to have a mobile phone now. 共同；共有 have in common; common interest ordinary adj. general adj. 总的the general manager the general idea/outline 社会一般的the general public general knowledge gen

3、eral election generally speaking in general VS in detail usual adj. universal adj. a universal truth/rule a universal language/universal peace/donor topics of universal interest n. the universe Cf. space3. aboard adv. prepgo aboard the ship.On board4. abroad adv. go/study abroad; from home and abroa

4、d5. absence n. ones absence from in the absence of = for lack of absent adj. be absent from VS be present at absent-minded6. absorb vt. absorb light/water/heat/the training/what he says (sb.) be absorbed in sth/doing sth7. accept vt. Cf accept an invitation receive an invitation Cf. be accepted by a

5、ll be well/coldly/poorly received by all Cf. be accepted by a company be admitted to/into a company (un)acceptable adj. be acceptable to sb. 8. access (u)n. the access to the village have (easy/no) access to the library the Internet access (in)accessible adj. be to9. accident n. Cf. accident event i

6、ncident issue by accident = by chance = accidentally = unintentionally on purpose = by intention = by design = purposefully = intentionally10. according to the chairman/reportaccording to the specific situationaccording to me (此表达法错，正确为so/as far as I am concerned)11. account account for1)占据 Girls ac

7、count for 30% of the whole class.2)解释的原因 The student could not account for his absence.Give a detailed/full account of sthTake sth into account/considerationOn no account should we give up. We should not on any account give up.12. with great accuracyCf. accurate exact actual13. accuse sb. of sthchar

8、ge sb. with stharrest sb. for sth.blame sb. for sth. = blame sth. on sb. scold sb. for sth.criticize sb. for sth.excuse sb. ror praise sb. for 14. accustomed adj. his accustomed seat/ an accustomed smile be accustomed to sth./doing sth. = be used to sth./doing sth. get accustomed to sth./doing sth.

9、= get used to sth./doing sth.15. ache n. have a bad headache/stomachache vi. = hurt I ache all over. My heart aches for you. My leg has been hurting/aching since yesterday. Cf. hurt (hurt, hurt) vt. hurt my leg/have my leg hurt/hurt my feelings vi. My leg hurts. wound vt. a wounded solider n. = inju

10、ry injure vt. injure his leg / injure his feelings n. injury damage vt. damage the table/chairs damage ones health/eyesight n. do/cause damage to Cf. damages destroy vt. spoil vt. Spare the rod, spoil the child. a spoilt child spoil his birthday party/the picnic Cf. offend himharm vt. harm sb. harm

11、ones eyes n. do harm to sb. = do sb. harm = be harmful to = be bad for16. achieve vt. achieve success/ fame/recognition/an effect 达到（较抽象） achieve a task/ones aim 完成 achievement n. make achievements in accomplish vt. accomplish a task/ones aim 完成 accomplish something/nothing/wonders/whatever you do 做

12、到（具体） fulfill vt. fulfill a promise/contrast 履行 fulfill a task 完成 fulfill ones needs/requirements = meet; satisfy 满足17. acquire vt. acquire sth. 获得 acquire a knowledge of French/a bad reputation 学得；养成 gain vt . gain sth. /gain（lose） five minutes a day obtain vt. obtain sth. /obtain ones goal earn vt

13、. earn sb. sth. win vt. win sth./ win sb. sth. / win over sb. 18. across the desert; shout across the room; run across the plainCome across19. act as act n. Cf. act behaviour action deed20. actual adj. the actual price/ the actual cost/ his actual words/ in actual fact Cf. real real leather/silk a r

14、eal person in real life true Its not true. She made up the story. true love/friends21. adapt v. adapt sth. to sth. adapt oneself to sth. = adapt to sth. adopt vt. adopt a child adopt a good attitude/the proposaladjust vt. adjust the focus/ the clock adjust oneself to sth. = adjust to sth.22. add v.

15、add sth. to sth. add up A and B add that 接着说 add to sth. = increase sth. 增添了 add to our helplessness (sth) add up to 总和 addition n. in addition to = besides in addition = besides = furthermore = whats more23. address n. 注意词义 vt. address the envelope address the meeting/ a large audience24. admire vt

16、. admire you/ admire your bravery /admire you for your bravery admire the beautiful sunset = appreciate 25. admit vt. admit sb. to/into sp. admit doing sth. VS deny doing sth. Cf. permit vt. permit sth. permit doing sth. permit sb. to do allow vt. allow sth. allow doing sth. allow sb. to do advise d

17、oing advise sb. to do recommend doing recommend sb. to do26. advance v. n. C/U make advances in = make progress in advancement n. U advanced technology / advanced course27. take full advantage of = make full use of = make the most of Cf. make the best of have an advantage over sb. 28. adventure n. 冒

18、险的活动Cf. venture n. 冒险的事业 Every venture has the possibility of making or losing money. Risk29. advertise the new car model in the newspaperadvertise for a job/roommate30. advise sb. on sth. suggest sth.advise sb. to do suggest ones doingadvise doing suggest (to sb.) that (should) doadvise that(should

19、) do give advice to sb. on sth. make a suggestion to sb. give tips to sb. on sth.31. affair (usu. pl.) foreign affairs/ political affairs household affairs/ a love affair Cf. business do business with business hours on business or for pleasure Its none of your business. set up/start a business matte

20、r Its a matter of choice/of personal tastes/life and death. Is there anything the matter with you?32. affect vt . affect a childs growth (不良影响) be affected by the story = be moved/touched by the story be affected by a disease = be infected with/by a disease = develop/catch/pick up/(carry) a disease

21、Cf. influence vt. influence a childs thought/opinion n. U have influence on effect n. have an effect on achieve the intended effect cause and effect create a wonderful sound effect(sth.)take effect bring sth. into effect effort n. make effort(s) to do without effort(s) in ones efforts to do spare no

22、 efforts to do through combined efforts impact n. have an impact on33. afford vt. 买得起 afford sth. afford to do 承受得起后果 A language learner cannot afford not to have a dictionary.34. afraid adj. be afraid to do be afraid of doing Cf. I am afraid of dogs. I fear dogs. Dogs frighten me. I am frightened a

23、t dogs.35. agree to do agree to my plan agree with me/my words/what I saidHis words dont agree with his actions. 相符The food/weather here does not agree with me. 适合，适宜 (All of them) agree on (a date)come to/reach/arrive at an agreementagreeable(= pleasant) people/weather36. ahead of me 在前面;胜过ahead of

24、 time/schedule VS behind time ahead of ones time/the times VS behind the times 落后于时代37. aid n. a knowledge of first aid hearing aids audio-visual aids teaching aids come to/ go to ones aid/help/rescue/assistance with the aid of = with the help ofaid v. = help; assist aid (sb.) with sth. aid sb. in d

25、oing 38. aim his gun at the target aim his words at me aim at sth. aim to do = aim at doing The advert aims at promoting good service. aim high achieve ones aim to do sth.39. alike(adv.) The boss treats us all alike. (=in the same way)(adj.) The two brothers look much alike. Cf. A looks like B. 40.

26、Cf. alive the oldest man alive catch sb. alivekeep sb. aliveliving the oldest living man the living and the dead a living languagelively a lively boy/lessonlive (adj.)a live broadcast/match experiment on live animals(adv.)be broadcast live41. all students/all the students/all of the studentsall of t

27、hemin allall in allafter allabove allfirst of allall over(not) at all42. almost nobody/nothing/nonot nearly satisfactory = far from satisfactory/perfect/enoughalmost/nearly everybodyCf. almost/most/mostly43. alone adj. She is alone, but she isnt not lonely. adv. do it alone = do it on ones own = do

28、it by oneself Money alone(光，仅仅) cant make me happy. lonely adj. She is lonely. a lonely girl a lonely village = a remote/faraway village44. amaze vt. amuse vt. 45. have an ambition to do sthachieve/realize/fulfill ones ambition46. a large amount of; a great deal of + Uplenty of, a large quantity of;

29、 large quantities of + U/Cmasses of; a good many; a large number of + C47. in ancient times VS in modern timesthe ancients48. be angry with sb. at/about sth.49. announce vt. 公开宣布announce sth. ( announce their marriage) announce that declare vt. (权威.政府)宣布; 申报关税declare sth. (declare peace/war) declare

30、 sth/sb. (to be) + n./adj. (declare the meeting open) declare thatclaim vt. 要求获得权利;认领某物 claim sth. (claim the wallet/ claim the reward) 自称 claim to do ( 无claim sb. to do) claim that demand vt. 需要 demand sth. ( demand great care/patience) = need sth.= call for sth. = require sth. (强烈)要求 demand sth. (

31、 demand an apology/ demand a reasonable explanation) demand to do (无demand sb. to do) demand that(should) do require vt. 需要require sth.= need sth. = demand sth. = call for sth. require doing = require to be done ( = want; need; deserve) (规定) 要求require sb. to do (sb. ) be required to do require too m

32、uch of sb. = ask too much of sb. = expect too much of sb. ( = beg sth. of sb.) require that(should) do n. requirement meet/satisfy admission/entrance requirements inquire vi. 咨询,询问inquire for sth. = ask for inquire about sth. = ask about inquire into the matter inquire after sb. n. inquiry make inqu

33、iries for/about/into/after request vt. 请求 request sth. (from sb. ) request sb. to do request that(should) do n. make an request for sth. a pamphlet will be sent on/upon request at ones request = at the request of sb. command vt. command the army / command silence 指挥 command respect/ command a high p

34、rice 博得 command a large vocabulary/ command English = master command sb. to do command that(should) do n. have a good command of English = have a good mastery of English50. annoy vt. 惹恼annoy sb. (with sth.) be annoyed by the poor bus service disturb vt. 打搅disturb sb. (with sth.) Dont disturb. 扰乱dist

35、urb the smooth surface of the river disturb the balance of nature 使心烦意乱be disturbed by the news disturbance n.interrupt vt. 打断interrupt us (with sth.) interrupt our conversationbother vt . 打搅bother sb. with sth. vi. 麻烦;费心Dont bother to do that. Dont bother about supper.He hasnt even bothered to writ

36、e to his parents. 他甚至懒得写信给他爸妈51. answer vt. answer the question = reply to the question answer the telephone/doorbell/the appeal of the government answer for 为。负责 n. = reply52. be anxious for sth. = be eager for=be desperate for be anxious about sth. = be worried about 53. anyhow = anyway adv. 无论如何C

37、f. somehow adv. 不知怎么的; 以某种方式 somewhat adv. = a bit; a little54. apologize to sb. for sth.make an apology to sb. for sth.55. appeal vi.恳求;要求 appeal to sb. for sth./ appeal to sb. to do sth. = call on sb. to do = urge sb. to do 诉诸appeal to war/arms 吸引appeal to me appeal n. make an appeal for sth.Have

38、great appeal for sb. 对某人具有很大的吸引力56. Cf. sb. appear/seem/happen to be/to do There appear/seem/happen to beIt appear/seem/happen that Cf. sb. is said/reported/known/assumed/thought/believedto be/to doIt is said/reported/known/assumes/thought/believed thatAs is known, .57. have an appetite for sth. los

39、e/stimulate ones appetite58. burst into applause warm applause join in the applause59. electrical appliances = electrical equipment household appliances Cf. appliance 器具electrical/household appliancesequipment Utool carpenters tools /gardeners toolsinstrument lab/musical/medical instruments an instrument for/of communicationdevice a device for peeling apples/for closing the door automaticallyimplement 用具farming/wr