2022年八年级下英语unit知识点详解和练习 .pdf

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1、Unit1 What s the matter？重点短语1. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水6. have a cold 受凉 ;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist

2、看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍 X 光片14. take one s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在 上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without thinking twice 没

3、有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one s surprise 使 . 京讶的28. thanks to 多亏了；由于29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开 ;从 出萍35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fa ll down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心3

4、9. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完 ;用尽46. s

5、o that 以便47. so. . . that 如此 以至于 48. be in control of 掌管 ;管理49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃Section A 1. What s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】 matter/ m?t?(r) /n. 问题；事情What s the matter with you?= What s the trouble

6、with you? = What s wrong with you?你怎么了？【注】： matter 和 trouble 为名词，其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是 adj. 不能加 the 【2013 自贡 3】 18. What s the matter _ Tom. He is wet through. His car ran _ the river. A.with; in B.to; into C.with; into 【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词 with 连用。即：What s the matter with sb.?

7、 = What s your trouble? = What s up? = What happens to sb.? What s the matter with you ? I have a bad cold. ( ) What s _ with you? A. trouble B. the matter C. the wrong D. matter ( ) _? Nothing serious , but a bit tired. Better have a rest now, dear. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

8、- - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - A. Is that all B. Is there anything else C. What s this D. What s the matter with you 【2013 湖北孝感】_? I have a headache and I don t feel like eating anything. A. How are you B. What can I do for you C. What s the matter with you D. How do you

9、like it 【2011云南昆明】27. What s the matter with Tina? _. A. She is away. B. She is cool. C. She has a sore throat. D. She should take some medicine 【拓展】 matter 的用法(1) It doesnt matter 没关系（用来回答别人道歉时的用语）( ) I m sorry to break your pen. _ A. That s right B.It doesnt matter C. Thank you 【2013 江苏徐州】 3. Plea

10、se dont throw paper on the ground. _，I wont. A. Excuse me B. Thats all right C. Sorry D. It doesnt matter 【2013 黑龙江齐齐哈尔】17.I have a pain in my back. _ . You d better see a doctor.A. Im sorry to hear that B. Nothing serious C. It doesnt matter【2013 湖北武汉】 39. I m very sorry. I broke your tea cup. _. A

11、. It doesnt matter B. You d better not C. Take it easy D. Its too bad 【2013 四川广安】 26 Sorry, Im late again _. AThat s OK BIt doesnt matter CGood idea (2) as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上 , 实际上2. I have a cold 我感冒了I have a stomachache 我患胃痛I have a sore back. 我背痛。【解析 1】 have a cold 受凉 ;感冒have a/an + 疾病

12、名词“患 病”(cold/fever/cough) have a sore throat 患喉咙痛have a sore back 患背痛have a fever 发烧have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒have a stomachache 患胃痛have a toothache患牙痛have a headache 患头痛have a backache 患背痛Mikes sister _(not have) a stomachache.【2012 曲靖中考】 I didn t sleep well last night, because I _ a toothache .

13、 A. was B. went C. had D. took 【2013 山东莱芜】Tony, What s _ matter with you? I have _ toothache. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - A. a; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / 【解析 2】 back n 背；背部at the back of. 在. 的后面go/come back 返回giv

14、e back 归还【解析 3】3. hand n 手 hand in hand 手拉手V 交给；传递hand in 上交hand on 依次传递hand out 分发4. She talked too much yesterday and didn t drink enough water. 她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。【解析 1】 too much/too many/much too 短语含义用法例句too much 太多后接不可数名词There is too much rain these days 修饰动词，放在动词之后Watching TV too much is bad fo

15、r your eyes. too many 太多后接可数名词复数There are too many things for me to do every day. much too 太修饰形容词或副词It s much too cold in winter. ( ) Mr. Smith eats _ food, so he s _ fat.A .much too; too much B .too many; much too C. too much; too much D. too much ;much too 【2013 孝感】 Why are you so tired these days

16、? Well, I have _ homework to do. A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too 【2013 广西玉林】The meat is _ delicious. Yes, but don t eat _. A. too much; too much B. much too; too much C. too much ; much too D. much too; much too 【解析 2】 enough 的用法(1) adj.足够的，充分的修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后enough time (2) adv. “ 足

17、够地，十分，相当 ”修饰 adj./adv, 放在 adj./adv 后 expensive enough (3) be +adj. +enough to do sth be strong enough to carry the box. ( ) The boy isn t _ to dress himself. A. old enough B. enough old C. old ( ) What do you think of the lecture of Li Yang s Crazy English? I think it s _ , but someone thinks it s m

18、uch too _. A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful; enough; boring D. enough wonderful ; bored 【2013 绥化 3】 26. How do you like the talk show? I think it s _, but some people think it s so_. A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful enough; boring

19、 5. drink some hot tea with honey.喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。【解析】 with ： prep “具有，带有 ” , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征。She is a girl with long hair. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - with （反）without ( ) He has a sore throat . He should _. A. see a dentist B.

20、drink hot tea with honey C. drink a lot of milk D. eat nothing 【2010 宁夏 1】25. Would you like some coffee? Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee _ milk. A. with B. to C. of D. on 【2013 达州 3】 15. Which would you prefer, coffee or orange juice? Either _ OK, but I prefer coffee _milk in it.

21、A.are, with B. is, to C .is, with D. are, to 【2013 连云港】 30. Id like a cup of black coffee. What about you, Maggie? I prefer coffee _ sugar. A. than B. for C. with D. to prep. 和.一起I like to talk freely with my friends. prep 用.， 表示“使用某种工具”Cut it with a knife. 6. see a dentist and get an x- ray. 看牙医并且拍

22、张x 光。【解析 1】 see a dentist = go to a dentist看牙医see a doctor = go to a doctor 看医生【解析 2】 X-ray/eks rei/n. X 射线； X 光【2011 湖南湘西】 You are ill. You had better _ the doctor right now. A. look at B. see C. watch 【2012 四川成都】 33. Where did you go yesterday, Rick? I went to see a _ because I had a cold. A. teac

23、her B. doctor C. reporter 7. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？【解析 1】 should “应该 ” 情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务should not =shouldnt 不应该主语 + should/ shouldn t + 动词原形 . . You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。 You shouldn t t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。You should _ (lie) down an

24、d rest. ( ) You _ be quiet when you are in the reading room. A. should B. shouldn t C. can D. can t 【2013 重庆】 30Hurry up ，or you _catch the trainAcant Bneedn t Cmustnt D. should n【2013 山西】21. A country has dreams. We teenagers _ also have dreams. With dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be cr

25、eated. A. may B. must C. should 【2013 安徽】 You _ drive your car so fast. It s very dangerous. A. wouldn t B. shouldn t C. couldn t D. mightn t 【解析 2】 take one s temperature 量体温名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 8. No, it doesn t

26、 sound like you have a fever . 不需要，听起来你不像发烧了。【解析 1】 sound like 听起来像，后接名词或名词性短语作表语。It sounds like a good idea. 【拓展】“感官动词 + like feel like 摸起来像smell like 闻起来像look like 看起来像taste like 尝起来像【解析 2】 fever/ fi:v ?:(r)/n. 发烧have a fever 发烧You need to take breaks away from the computer. 你需要休息一下，远离电脑。9. You ne

27、ed to take break away from the computer.你需要远离电脑，休息休息。【解析】 need v 需要用于肯定句是实义动词(1) need sth 需要某物I need your help. (2) 人做主语，sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事Do you need to drink more water? (3) 物做主语，sth need doing sth = sth need to be done My TV set needs repairing. I need _(come) to the office quickly because

28、 some work need _(finish) at once. ( ) David needs _ a good rest. A. has B. to have C. have D. having 用于否定句是情态动词needn t = dont have to 没有必要must ,need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用( ) Must I hand in my exercise book now, Mr. Zhao? No, you _ .You may give it to me tomorrow. A. needn t B.mustn t C.can t D. may not ( ) Y

29、ou don t have to go to bed too late at night.A. cant B. shouldn t C.needn t D. would like to 【2013 湖南邵阳】 27.Must I hand it in today? No. you _ . You can do it tomorrow. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt 【2013 广东广州】 20.Must I finish my homework now? No, you _. You can go home now. A. needn t B. mustn t C.

30、shouldnt D. can t 【2013 湖南娄底】 25. Must I start now? No, you_ A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt 9. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。【解析】 without doing sth. 10.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 如果你的头和脖子明天还疼的话，就去看医生。【解析 1】 neck /nek/

31、n.颈；脖子neck and neck 不分上下，势均力敌名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 【解析 2】 hurt /h3 ：(r)t/ v. (hurt /h3 ：(r)t/) ( 使痛；受伤 ) 表示肉体感到疼痛或不适，使用时应用疼痛的具体部位作主语。My leg hurts. 11. At 9:00 a.m . yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Ro

32、ad when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 昨天上午9:00 , 26 路公共汽车正沿着中华路行驶，这时，司机看见一位老人躺在马路上。【解析 1】 along/ down 相同点：prep “顺着；沿着”不同点： along 强调顺着水平方向down 指“沿着 下坡或者往南走”【2012 江苏南京】My father has habit(习惯 ) of jogging _ the Jinchuan River for an hour in the morning . A. between B. along C

33、. over 【2011 襄阳】 29.- Would you mind turning _ the light? Its too dark here. - OK. Wait a minute, please. A. over B. on C. off D. down 【解析 2】 see （saw , seen） v 看见see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事（看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生）see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在发生）【2012 四川雅安市1】17. Andy prefers _ books to _ TV. A. reading

34、; watching B. read; watch C. looking; seeing D. look; see 【2013 湖北黄石4】Seeing their teacher _ into the classroom, they stopped _ at once. A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking 【解析 3】 lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ )躺 ；平躺lie lay lain v 躺下， (现在分词lying ). lie down 躺下lie down

35、 and rest 躺下休息12.The bus driver,24-year-oldWang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. 公共汽车司机，24 岁的王平，毫不犹豫的停下了车。【解析】 24-year-old 24 岁的“数词 +名词 +形容词”构成复合形容词，在句中作定语，用连字符后连接，名词用单数。( ) Tom,_ boy, is the only child of the family. A. a five years old B. a five-year-old C. a five-year-olds ( ) My bro

36、ther has a _ son. A. four-years-old B. fourth-year-old C. four-year-old D. four-year-olds 【2013 黑龙江绥化】She is a _ girl with two big eyes. A. Six-years- old B. six-year - old C. Six years old 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 13

37、. He got off and asked the woman what happened. 他下车问那名妇女发生了什么事。【解析】 get off 下车(反）get on 上车【2012 江苏徐州】Don t forget to take your bag when you _ the bus. A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off 【拓展】与get 相关的短语：get up 起床get back 回来；取回get over 克服；度过get on along well with与 相处融洽get in a word插话get to 到

38、达【2013 山东滨州4】32. So many problems! Im tired.You should try to them by yourself. You are not a child any longer. A. get into B. get off C. get on D. get over 【2013 新疆乌鲁木齐2】27. If Ted can _ his difficulties, hell make greatprogress. A. come over B. get over C. get off D. come out 14. But to his surpri

39、se , they all agreed to go with him. 但令他吃惊的是，所有的乘客都同意和他一起去医院。【解析】 surprise s?pra ?z v 使吃惊 surprising adj. 令人吃惊的surprised adj. 吃惊的be surprised at 对 感到吃惊be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶be surprised + that从句 因.而惊讶Surprise n 惊讶 ”to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地_(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in t

40、he exam. We are _at the _news.(surprise) ( ) _his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain. A. At B. To C. In D. On 【2011 昭通】 I was very surprised when the alien went into a souvenir shop. A. excited B. amazing C. relaxing D. amazed 【2012 山东东营市4】19. The fans were _ to know the death

41、of their favorite singing star Whitney Huston. A. glad B. angry C. excited D. surprised 【2013 枣庄】88. I got home for my birthday from my college on Friday evening. No one was at home, and Mom and Dad hadnt left me a note. This made me _. A. surprised B. happy C. angry D. excited 【解析 2】 agree v (反)dis

42、agree agreement n 同意(1) agree with sb. 同意某人I agree with you. (2)agree to do sth 同意做某事Do you agree with him? No, I _ (agree ) with him. ( ) I think English is more useful than Chinese. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - I don t

43、_ you. They are both useful. A. get on with B. catch up with C. talk with D. agree with 15. Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers , the doctor saved the man in time.多亏了王先生和乘客的帮助，医生及时挽救了那位老人的生命。【解析 1】 thanks to 对亏；由于thanks to 为习语介词，thanks 不可以改为thank you ，to 后也不接动词原形，这个短语表示原因，意为“ 由于” 、“ 多亏 ” ，to 表示感谢的

44、对象 thanks for ，意为 “ 因 而感谢 ” ，for 强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或v-ing thanks 相当于thank you ，【2013 黑龙江绥化】23. _ the teacher, Ive made great progress. A. Thank you B. Thanks C. Thanks lot 【2013 呼和浩特】 74. _ her husband ， she has now become a famous film star. A. Because B. Thanks to C. Thanks for D. With the help【解析 2】

45、on time 准时 /in time 及时on time= at exactly the right time. 准时（在规定的时间之内）强调与某个时刻一致in time = with enough time to spare/ not late 及时（恰在时间点上）表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生【记】 She didn t catch the _, so she couldn t arrive there _. 【短语】 at times=sometimes 有时have a good time 玩得高兴have time =be free 有空all the time 一直at

46、 the same time 同时by the time 到 时候for the first time 第一次【句型】It s time to do sth =It s time for sth 是该做某事的时间了It takes sb. some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间s 【湖北岳阳】 I knew it was impossible for me _(按时上班 ) when I missed the last bus. 【山东东营】Tom didn t go to school _ this morning because he overslept. A. a

47、t once B. on time C. by accident D. at present 【2013 湖北黄石4】The teacher hope all of us can hand _ our homework _ time every day. A. up ; in B. out; on C. on; in D. in ; on 16. But the driver didn t think about himself. 但是这位司机完全没有考虑他自己。【解析】think about 考虑；认为【短语】：think about 考虑think of 想起think over 仔细考虑think up = come up with 想出【谚语】Think before you act 三思而后行( )We need_(想出) a plan. ( ) My mother came up with a good idea which we all agreed to. A. thought about B. thought up C. thought hard 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - -