中职英语词汇(8页).doc

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1、-第一章 词汇1 考试要点：名词单数和复数、形容词、副词、动词。基本概念英文缩写例词例句名词表示人、事物和抽象概念等名称的词n.city（城市）, war(战争)，family（家），Henry, London（伦敦）John is a student.代词I, me,it, my（我的）, mine（我的某某某） Would you like to go shopping with me.数词表示数量多少或先后顺序的词one, two, first, secondAbout 22% of British workers do work more than 48 hours a week.形容

2、词修饰或说明名词或代词的词adj.的good, successful（成功的）, careful（仔细的）The company has a good reputation.副词修饰动词等的词adv.地often, always,quicklyI often go to work on foot.动词表示动作或状态的词v.learn(学), get(得到), take（带走）, feel（感觉到）jump(跳)I want to learn about computer programming.冠词a, an, theThere is a house in the picture.介词on,

3、at, with, without(没有), amongYou can find our homepage on the Internet.重点句型 I can speak a little Chinese. 我会说一点儿汉语。 A little n.少量，少许，一点儿 adv. 少量地，稍许地 adj. 少量的，稍许的【例句】I have no water. Please give me a little. 我没有水了。请给我一点儿。【注意】辨析a little / little / a few / few A little可修饰不可数名词，含有肯定的意思(若a little后可接可数名词单

4、数时，little的含义是“小的，幼小的)；little修饰不可数名词，含有否定的意思； a few可修饰可数名词复数，含有肯定的意思；few修饰可数名词复数，含有否定的意思。能给我点墨水吗？Could you give me some ink?好的，瓶子里还剩下一点儿。Yes, there is _ left in the bottle.我是新来的。在这儿没有什么朋友。I am new. I have _ friends here.只有少数学生星期六下午在教室学习。 Only _ students are studying in the classroom on Saturday after

5、noon.我几乎没有时间看书。I have _ time for reading.多么小巧玲珑的房子啊！What a pretty _ house it is! Id like to join the Computer Club. 我想加入电脑俱乐部。句型：Id like to do sth. ,意思是“我想要做某事”；其中Id like to do sth. / Id like sb. to do sth. / Id like sth. / Would you like to do sth. / Would you like sth.为高考热点句型。尤其以疑问形式在交际用语中的考查。 ( )

6、Would you like some sandwiches? _. Id rather have a piece of bread. (2013年对口高考) A. No, thanks B. No problem C. Thats OK D. Yes, please（ ）Welcome to McDonalds! What would you like today? _(2011年湖南对口高考)A. Wed like two hamburgers and two cokes.B. Anything else?C. Wed like to take it away. D. We enjoyed

7、 the food very much. 我想要喝一杯咖啡。Id like _ 你今晚愿意和我一起一起外出吃饭吗？重点交际用语1. How are you (doing)? 你好吗？Fine / Pretty good / Vey well. Thank you. And you? 很好。谢谢。你呢？2. How are things? 你好吗？ Great! / Not bad! 棒极了！不错！3. How are you feeling today? 你今天觉得怎样？4. How is it going? 近况如何？5. How is everything with you? 你一切如何？

8、6. Whats your name? 你叫什么名字？7. May I have your name? 能告诉我你的名字吗？8. Your name, please? 请告诉我你的名字。9. How do you do? 你好！How do you do? 你好！10.Nice / Glad / Pleased to meet you. 很高兴认识你。Nice / Glad / Pleased to meet you，too. / Me, too.我也是。11.Where are you from? 你从哪儿来？I am from 我来自12. Long time no see. 好久不见。1

9、3. Can you say something about yourself? 能谈谈你的一些情况吗？【仿真训练】（ ）1. I havent seen you for a long time. How is it going?_（2014年湖南对口高考）A. Nice to meet you. B. Not bad.C. Thats all right. D. Thanks a lot.( ) 2. Good morning, Mike! How is everything going?_(2011年湖南对口高考)A. Thank you very much. B. Great, How

10、about you?C. My pleasure D. Nice to meet you.( ) 3. Hi, Tom. How is everything?_(2008年湖南对口高考)A. I dont care at all. B. Not good. Thanks.C. Not bad. How are you? D. Thank you for asking.难点、考点导引 join v. 参加，加入 Id like to join the football club. 我想加入足球俱乐部。【注意】辨析join / join in / take part in / attendjoin

11、参加，加入某一组织或团体，并成为其中一员；join in后一般接小规模的活动名词，如“游戏，讨论，散步等”；take part in一般指参加群众性的活动，并在其中发挥重要作用；attend一般指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，去上学，去听报告，去礼拜等。【例句】去年，汤姆加入了共青团。Last year, Tom _the Yong League.今天我要去听报告。Today I will _the lecture.他将参加英语演讲比赛。 He will _the English Speech Contest. say / speak / tell / talksay v. 说；讲，（侧重说的内

12、容）；speak v. 讲，（后一般接语言名词作宾语）；tell v. 告诉，（后面一般带双宾语），tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事；或者tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事；talk v. 交谈，谈论，一般用法为talk about sth. with sb. 和某人谈论某事。他说他从来没有去过长城。 He _ that he had never been to the Great Wall.据说，那里遭受了一场大洪水的袭击。 It is _ that there has been a big flood.我会说一点日语。 I can _ a little Japa

13、nese.告诉我下一步该做什么。_ me what I should do next.让我们认真地谈谈你的将来吧。Lets _ seriously about your future.实例分析1. _will the work be finished?In two weeks.A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How far答案：C。 此题考查4个短语的区别。how long表示多长时间，询问一个时间段。how often表示多长时间一次，询问频率。how soon 表示多久，常与将来时连用。how far表示多远。2. The idea give

14、n by her sounds_.A. nicely B. well C.good D.wonderfully答案：C。此题考查形容词与副词的不同用法。sound是系动词表示“听起来”，必须用形容词修饰，nicely, well, wonderful 均为副词，因此C 为正确答案。常见系动词有：be, get, 感官动词。大多数情况系动词后面要加形容词。感官动词有这些：feel(摸起来) smell(闻起来) sound（听起来）taste(尝起来)。3. Nobody can_the difference between the two brothers. They are twins.A.

15、 speak B.talk C.say D.tell答案：D。此题考查speak, talk, say, tell的词义区别。speak表示讲话，强调说话的语言，例如speak English。talk表示“谈话”, 例如talk with somebody, talk with something。say表示“说”，强调说话内容，例如say nothing。tell表示“告诉，讲述，分辨”例如tell somebody about something, tell you about the secret(秘密)。 此句题意：没有人能分辨两兄弟的不同之处。他们是双胞胎。4. He decide

16、d to _ a club to close weight.A. join B.open C.visit D.take part in答案：A。此题考查词语辨析。join表示“加入（组织等）”。open表示“打开”。visit表示“参观，访问”。take part in表示“参加（活动等）”。5. Mr Brown is a very successful businessman. He has_ money.A. many B.few C.little D.lots of答案：D。此题考查表示“多、少”的词汇的用法。many表示“许多”，修饰可数名词复数。few表示“几个，一些”，修饰可数名

17、词复数。little表示“少”，修饰不可数名词，不符合本句句意。lots of 与a lot of 相同。表示“许多，大量”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。第一节课的词汇（需听写）把中文翻译成英文把英文翻译成中文1. 城市city1. war战争2. 家family2. London伦敦3. 去购物Go shopping3. reputation名声4. 成功的 successful4. without没有5. 仔细的careful5. Internet英特网6. 公司company6. finish完成7. 学习learn7. idea想法8. 得到get 8. smell 闻起

18、来9. 带走take9. sound听起来10. 感觉到 feel10. taste尝起来11. 电脑computer11. join加入（组织等）12. 参加，加入join 12. between在的中间13. 将来future13 businessman商人14. 决定decide14. club 俱乐部第一章 词汇2 基础训练一、选择正确答案。1. The book me twenty yuan.A. spent B.cost C.took D.paid2. What the weather like yesterday?A. do B.does C.is D.was答案及解析一1. T

19、he book cost me twenty yuan. 这本书花了我20元。spend, take, cost, pay的用法都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。1. spend的用法人 + spend + time / money + on sth. 表示：在上花费时间（或金钱）例句：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。人 + spend + time / money + (in) doing sth. 表示：花费时间（或金钱）做某事。例句：They spent two years (in) building thi

20、s bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。注意：spend的过去时态是spent.2. cost的用法物 + cost +（人）+ 金钱 表示：某物花了（某人）多少钱例句：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。注意：cost的过去时态还是cost.3. take的用法It takes sb. +时间 + to do sth. 表示：做某事花了某人多少时间。例句：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。4. pay的用法pay for sth. 付的钱例句：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。2. What was the weather like yesterday? 昨天的天气怎么样？-第 7 页-