雅思写作话题词汇.doc

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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流雅思写作话题词汇【精品文档】第 14 页教育类1.动词（短语）适应adapt to sth/ doing背方程式和公式memorise equations and formulas学习技能acquire skills促进学生身心发展promote the students physical and mental development 给学生以动力give the students motivation to do sth 或 motivate the students to do sth 传授知识impart/ inculcate knowledge

2、灌输高尚的道德观念instill high moral values 给学生以灵感stimulate the students thought 或 give the students inspiration 限制创造力的发展extinguish/ stifle/ constrain creativity打击学生的积极性dampen/sap the students enthusiasm 或 frustrate the students 产生不必要的压力create undue pressure 塑造某人的性格mould ones character死记硬背learn things by rot

3、e独立（或辨证性）地思考think independently(or critically)在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding申请apply for 适用于apply to盲从follow sth blindly/ indiscriminately用填鸭式教学教育学生force-feed the students按学术成绩把学生分班assign students to different classes based on their academic performance学生评价老师的教学students appraise/ evaluat

4、e their teachers performance学知识gain/ acquire knowledge（不是learn knowledge)浪费时间idle away their time对掌握的扎实have a solid grasp of sth 改善孩子的身体/心理健康improve/ enhance childrens physical/psychological health（破坏用hurt / damage） 把精力集中在上面focus on/ concentrate on 分散学生的注意力distract students from减轻学习压力ease/ relieve a

5、cademic pressure（加重用intensify） 加强学生们的意志力strengthen students willpower（变得软弱用weaken） 激发学习者对于的兴趣stimulate learners interest in（削弱用dampen/sap）发挥学生的潜力fulfill students potential 理论结合实践integrate theory with practice 导致理论与实践相脱节disconnect theory from practice 培养创造力foster/ cultivate/ nurture creativity（扼杀用sti

6、fle） 提高学习者的效率boost/ enhance learners efficiency（降低用lower） 重新点燃学生们对于的热情rekindle students enthusiasm about让学生疲念不堪exhaust students energy 2.名词（短语）家长对小孩的教育parenting/upbringing学校对学生的教育schooling 来自同龄人的压力peer pressure 课程curriculum青少年adolescents/ youngsters/ youths适应能力adaptability学生对的掌握students grasp/ comma

7、nd of 就业技能 employable/ marketable skill逆境adversity/ adverse circumstances 学生的反馈students feedback 课外活动extra-curricular activity 调皮捣蛋indiscipline/ misbehaviour/mischief 不遵守纪律的学生disruptive/ unruly students理论知识theoretical knowledge 通才generalist 专才specialist 职业教育vocational education/ training社会有用的一员a val

8、uable member of society积极的人生态度a positive outlook on life/ a positive attitude towards life 3.形容词有趣的stimulating（可以代替interesting )全面发展的well-rounded/ versatile 4.句子学校是社会的缩影 A school is a society in miniature. 众所周知，在当代教育是一个人成功的决定因素之一。 In this day and age, it is widely acknowledged that education is one

9、of the key determinant of individual success.在当代社会，教育在个人发展中扮演着至关重要的角色。In contemporary society, education plays a pivotal role in individual development.科技类1.动词（短语）增加（或限制）人们的选择multiply/ restrict peoples choices 解放工人liberate workers 奴役雇员enslave employees 提高生产率boost/ enhance productivity 干扰员工的工作distrac

10、t employees from their work 从事科学研究carry out/ conduct scientific research（终止用stop / suspend ） 放慢生活节奏slow down the pace of life（加快用speed up/ accelerate/ quicken） 促进（或阻碍）沟通promote(or hinder) communication 加大贫富差距widen/ expand the gap between the rich and the poor 缩小贫富差距narrow/ bridge the gap between the

11、 wealthy and the needy 增加（或减少）成本raise/ lift(or reduce) the cost 改善人际关系improve interpersonal relationship 导致人与人之间关系疏远alienate individuals 2.名词（短语）科技创新和进步 technological innovation and progress尖端的技术cutting-edge technology 信息爆炸 information explosion 信息时代 the information age/ the information era实时通信real-

12、time communication/ instant messaging网络诈骗 online fraud转基因食品genetically-modified food 有机食品organic food 减少人力的机器labor-saving machinery自动化 automation 人工智能artificial intelligence/ AI太空探索space exploration 人的基因构成 ones genetic makeup/ ones DNA programming大规模生产mass production可以自己控制进度的学习self-paced learning对某事

13、物的过度使用（或过度依赖）excessive use(overreliance) of sth滥用misuse and abuse of sth3.形容词高生产率的productive 自动化的automated便于携带的portable 4.句子科技在某方面的进步使我们可以.Progress in technology has enabled us to在当代，科技在在众多的领域高速地发展。In present-day society, technology is advancing/ progressing by leaps and bounds in a host of arenas.在

14、当代，科技正彻底的改变我们的生活、工作、学习和玩的方式。In this day and age, technology is transforming/ revolutionizing the way we live, work, learn and play.媒体类1.动词（短语）呈现虚假的信息present false information充斥着be inundated with/ be saturated with sth审查互联网censor the Internet删除delete/eliminate夸大事实exaggerate/ sensationalise facts（歪曲用d

15、istort）展现事实真相present the truth（揭露用expose/ reveal/ uncover，隐瞒用conceal）侵犯隐私infringe on/ violate ones privacy 玷污某人的名誉tarnish/ smear/ besmirch ones reputation 掩盖（丑闻或罪行等）cover up/ gloss over/ whitewash 吸引观众appeal to the audience（激怒用offend）传播思想spread/ disseminate ideas启发人们的头脑enlighten peoples minds 腐蚀孩子们的

16、思想corrupt childrens minds 提高某人的公众形象enhance ones public image 增进亲情reinforce family bonds与亲人变得疏远get estranged from ones family members扩大产品市场enlarge the market for products 导致青少年变得更暴力make youngsters more aggressive 误导观众mislead the audience让某人很扫兴spoil sbs enjoyment of sth 2.名词（短语）大规模的广告宣传活动advertising c

17、ampaign（电视的）黄金时段prime time/ peak viewing time植入式广告embedded marketing/ product placement公益广告public-interest/ non-profit advertising网页上弹出的广告窗口pop-up advertising windows电视收视率the TV ratings新闻界the press对的报导coverage of sth实事current affairs印刷媒体（如报纸、杂志）the print media报道新闻的机构news outlets过多的暴力与色情内容excessive v

18、iolent and pornographic contents媒体炒作 media hype 如实描写factual accounts道德准则 code of ethic 或者 code of conduct3.形容词无处不在的prevalent/ ubiquitous/ pervasive 客观的objective and balanced （不客观的unobjective）有偏见的biased有误导性的misleading可靠的/值得信任的reliable/trustworthy信息量大的informative具有娱乐性的entertaining诈骗性的fraudulent 虚假的fal

19、se及时的up-to-date/ up-to-the-minute易受到广告影响be susceptible to advertising 4.句子今天，媒体是传播最广泛的产业，而且对我们的生活产生深远的影响。The media are the most pervasive industries in todays world and they have profound impact on our lives.随着信息时代的到来，媒体正扮演着一种越来越重要的角色。Since the advent of the information era, the media have assumed a

20、n increasingly pivotal role in our lives.政府类1.动词（短语）立法legislate/ make laws 解决某个问题resolve/ address/ tackle/ solve a problem（忽视用ignore/ overlook） 提高公民对的意识raise/ heighten citizens awareness of.导致公民对于十分麻木render citizens indifferent to.改善基础设施improve the infrastructure（破坏用undermine ）产生税收generate tax reven

21、ue刺激经济发展spur/ stimulate economic development（阻碍用hinder/ impede）为拨款allocate money to 减少的资金reduce/ curtail the funding for提高人们的生活水平lift/ elevate peoples standard of living遏制武器扩散curb the proliferation of weapons 把.当成首要任务give priority to sth2.名词（短语）当局the authorities 严格的法律stringent laws/ legislation公共福利项

22、目public welfare programmes 政府在某方面的开支 the government spending/ expenditure on sth 紧张的预算a tight/ stringent budget（预算赤字budget deficit）军备竞赛 arms race 国土安全 national security/ homeland security 缺乏远见的政策 short-sighted policy（明智的用sensible，可行的用practical）扩张 expansion/ aggression 恶性循环 a vicious circle 地区不稳定因素 d

23、estabilising factor 规章制度 rules and regulations下岗工人lay-off workers 基础设施infrastructure（包括public transport system公共交通系统、power grid电网、pipelines石油和天然气管道、water supply and drainage system给排水系统）3.句子政府如何优化配置有限的财政资源长期以来一直有争议。How the government can optimize its finite financial resources has long been a contro

24、versial issue.是否应该投资引起了激烈的争论。Whether the government should allocate money tohas sparked off a heated controversy.发展类1.动词（短语）阻碍impede/ hinder/ hamper/ obstruct违章横穿马路jaywalk搬迁relocate在家上班telecommute 消除城乡差距eliminate the gap between the urban area and the rural area 生活节奏加速the tempo/pace of life has acce

25、lerated导致人与人的疏远create alienation between people 追求最大限度利润pursue maximum profit 让城市更美观beautify the cities / better the cityscape 拆除tear down a building/ demolish a building/ raze a building / knock down a building 保护老房子preserve old buildings 接受健康的生活方式adopt a healthy lifestyle 采取不健康的生活方式follow an unhea

26、lthy lifestyle 提供就业机会offer/ create employment opportunities 减轻交通堵塞ease/ relieve traffic congestion（加重用worsen/ exacerbate） 扩大（国家经济的）内需increase/ expand domestic demand追求名利seek/ pursue fame and wealth 尊重老人respect elderly people 不尊重老年人disrespect seniors 落后于lag behind2.名词（短语）现状the present situation/ the

27、current situation/ the status quo(建筑的）外观exterior 交通堵塞traffic jam/traffic congestion扶贫poverty alleviation 撞车car collision/ car accident 步行区pedestrian zone 交通肇事者road offenders监控摄像头surveillance cameras有很高审美价值的老房子old buildings of high artistic value 有特殊历史意义的老房子buildings of historical significance 破旧的房子d

28、ecrepit/ rickety buildings高楼 high-rise buildings 城乡差距the disparity between the city and countryside休闲leisure/ recreation 宽松的管理laissez-faire management 运营成本operating costs/ overheads 劳动力资源labor pool 失眠sleeplessness/ sleep-deprivation/ insomnia 人口爆炸population explosion/ population boom 控制人口birth contr

29、ol/ family planning 久坐的生活方式sedentary lifestyle 营养过剩overnutrition/ overnourishment经济的快速发展economic boom/ prosperity住宅区residential area；商业区commercial area；工业区industrial area可支配收入disposable income职业稳定性job security上司supervisor 下属subordinate办公室内的明争暗斗office/ workplace politics职业前景career prospects长期的焦虑chron

30、ic stress and anxiety由压力引发的疾病stress-induced diseases食品添加剂food additives；食品防腐剂food preservatives高脂肪、高热量、多盐的饮食a high-fat, high-calorie and high salt diet高纤维、高蛋白、低热量的饮食a high-fiber, high-protein and low-calorie diet3.形容词(人与人之间）疏远的 alienated 过于功利的 materialistic/ mercenary/ money-worshiping贫穷的 needy/ pov

31、erty-stricken/ impoverished/ deprived/ destitute/ indigent 富裕的 affluent/ wealthy/ well-off会导致效率降低的counterproductive有秩序的well-organised（混乱的chaotic）过度拥挤的overcrowded4.句子某方面的快速变革让.成为公众注意的焦点。The swift changes in .have thrown the issue of . into sharp focus/relief.文化类1.动词（短语）小语种将会消亡Lesser-known languages w

32、ill die out/ become extinct某事不是一成不变的sth is not set/ carved in stone保护（或破坏）传统preserve(or undermine) traditions珍惜文化遗产cherish cultural heritage（无视用ignore/ disregard） 促进（或阻碍）文化交流promote(or impede) cultural communication 强化（或侵蚀）一个国家的文化特征strengthen(or erode) the cultural identity of a nation增强（或削弱）民族团结str

33、engthen(or weaken) ethnic solidarity/ national unity 破坏（或美化）市容spoil(or enhance) the cityscape 丰富我们的生活enrich peoples lives 让我们的生活变得单调render our lives monotonous 激发想象力stimulate imagination 彼此和谐相处live in harmony with each other2.名词（短语）祖先forefathers/ ancestors 后代descendants/ offspring文化同化/多样性/特性/融合 cult

34、ural assimilation/ diversity/ identity/ integration 少数民族 ethnic minorities相互影响，互动interaction 一种可以通用的语言（比如英语）a lingua franca/a universal language/ a global language英语的统治地位the dominant role of English 狭隘的观念insular/ parochial mentality 展览exhibitions；展品exhibits；馆藏collection；门票费admission charges3.形容词盲目的i

35、ndiscriminate 历史悠久的time-honoured 双语的bilingual不愿做改变的be reluctant to make changes有教育性的educational；有娱乐性的entertaining；互动的interactive4.句子今天国家和区域间的文化交流越来越密切。Today the cultural communication between different countries and regions has been intensified.英语无疑是今天世界上影响最广的语言。English is, doubtless, the predominan

36、t language in todays world.文化遗产包括有形跟无形两种，有形的如历史遗迹，无形的如风俗和仪式。 Cultural heritage can be divided into two groups, tangible cultural heritage, such as historic sites and intangible heritage, such as customs and rituals. 环境类1.动词（短语）过度开采over-exploit 排放污染物discharge pollutants 循环使用reuse/ recycle 增强公众关于的意识ra

37、ise/ elevate the public awareness of sth破坏自然资源wreak havoc on natural resources给资源造成很大压力put a strain on the already-stretched resource 增加农产品产量boost crop yield用尽use up/ exhaust 谴责而不是纵容 condemn rather than condone sth 节约资源conserve resources（消耗用consume/ deplete）保护环境preserve the environment（破坏用ruin/ deva

38、state） 促进可持续发展promote sustainable development 以生态为代价发展经济push forward the economy at the expense of the ecosystem 滥用自然资源misuse natural resources 威胁生物多样性jeopardise biodiversity 减少汽车尾气reduce car emissions 忽视尾气问题overlook the emission problem 逃避（或肩负起）某人的责任shirk(or shoulder) ones responsibility 很难分解do not

39、 break down easily2.名词（短语）一次性筷子disposable chopsticks短缺shortage/ scarcity/ lack 生态平衡ecological balance/ ecological equilibrium 环保主义者environmentalists/ conservationists 臭氧层ozone layer 不可再生资源 non-renewable resources（包括金属metal、矿产minerals、石油petroleum、天然气natural gas、煤coal等，后三种可以总称为fossil fuels）可再生资源包括太阳能s

40、olar energy、风能wind energy、地热geothermal energy砍伐森林 deforestation 造林afforestation 贫瘠的土壤infertile soil 耕地arable land/ farmland严厉的措施harsh action/ measures 污水effluent/ sewage/ wastewater 温室效应greenhouse effect/ global warming 不降解垃圾non-biodegradable garbage/ wastes 3.形容词有益于环保的 eco-friendly/ environmentally

41、-friendly 严重的 severe/ grave 4.句子地球的生态系统正以一种惊人的速度恶化。The earths ecosystem has been deteriorating at a staggering rate.在当代，人类对环境的影响式巨大的。In this day and age, the impact man exerts on the environment is massive in scale.各国必须携手解决环境问题。Countries on this planet must join forces/ make a concerted effort/ unit

42、e to resolve environmental problems.犯罪类1.动词（短语）犯罪commit a crime 违法violate/ break the law 限制自由restrict freedom改造罪犯reform/ rehabilitate criminals 憎恨社会resent society/ hold a grudge against society 监禁 imprison/ incarcerate someone 被绳之以法be brought to justice遵守法律abide by/ comply with the law 给某人造成心理创伤trau

43、matize someone 抓捕 track down/ hunt down/ capture 打击犯罪（或纵容）combat(or condone) crime 导致犯罪率上升drive up the crime rate 虐囚abuse prisoners 教育（或体罚）罪犯educate(or physically punish) prisoners 维护（或扰乱）社会秩序maintain(or disturb) social order 确保社会稳定ensure social stability 屈从于诱惑succumb to temptation 释放某人release sb 关押

44、某人keep sb in jail 2.名词（短语）犯罪 crime/ offence/ criminal acts罪犯 criminal/ offender 囚犯 inmate/ prisoner 受害者victim 心理创伤trauma 执法部门 law enforcement agencies 重罪 heinous crime/ flagitious crime/ felony 轻罪 petty crime/ misdemeanor 初犯的人first-time offender 惯犯repeat criminals 守法的公民 law-abiding citizens 犯罪倾向 cri

45、minal tendency社区服务community service3.形容词猖獗的rampant 冲动的impulsive宽容的lenient 4.句子随着犯罪率居高不下，很多人被困扰并变得警觉。With the incidence of crime hovering at a high level, many people have become disturbed and alarmed.严重罪行的扩散让很多人变得恐惧害怕。The proliferation of criminal acts has rendered many citizens apprehensive and fea

46、rful.全球化类1.动词（短语）有机结合东西方文化synthesise the Eastern and the Western cultures侵蚀本土文化erode indigenous culture消除A与B之间的障碍remove/ break down the barrier between A and B 借鉴其他国家的经验draw on other countries experience 探索外国文化explore foreign cultures 把自己与外国文化相隔离isolate themselves from foreign cultures加强区域合作intensify regional cooperation 保持密切联系maintain close links 促进沟通facilitate communication促进文化互动promote cultural interaction 对构成障碍.is a hurdle to. 防止误解与冲突prevent misunderstanding and conflict 跨越国界transcend national boundaries2.名词（短语）个国家或者地区的文化特性national or regional cultural ide