人教版七年级上册英语全册语法知识点梳理(15页).doc

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1、-第一讲： 动词一.Be 动词（am, is, are）的用法口诀：I 用am , you 用are ,is 连着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数全部用is，复数一律都用are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃，变否定，更容易，be 后not莫忘记，句首大写莫迟疑。I _ a student. You _ Japanese. He _ my brother. She_ very nice. My name _Harry. LiLei _ very tall. This book_ very interesting. Li Lei and I _ good friends. These _

2、 apples. Those_ bananas.They _students. There _ some bread on the plate.The cat_ black. The black pants _ for Su Yang. Here _ some sweaters for you. There _ a girl in the room. There some milk for me. There _ some apples on the tree. Gao Shans shirt _ over there. Some tea _ in the glass. 二.一般现在时态1.用

3、法：(1).表示习惯性，经常性的动作,常与often, always, usually, every day/week/month等词连用I often play soccer.(2).表示主语具备的性格或能力： He likes to eat bananas.2.在一般现在时态中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词也用第三人称单数, 第三人称单数的构成规则（主语不是第三人称单数时谓语动词用原形）：a.一般情况下在动词词尾加s 如：get-gets like-likes playplays， wantwants， workworks， b. 以字母s、x、ch, sh,o结尾的动词加-es：gu

4、essguesses， fixfixes， teachteaches， brushbrushes， gogoes， c. 以辅音字母y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es：studystudies，carrycarries，flyflies，特殊词： have-has一 写出下列动词的三单形式。take like play run do watch wish eat have want teach start go study 二用所给词的适当形式填空。1. We often_ (play) in the playground. 2. He_ (get) up at six oclock.7.

5、At eight at night, she_ (watch) TV with his parents.8_Mike_ (read) English every day?9. How many lessons_ your classmate_ (have) on Monday?10. What time_his mother_ (do) the housework?12. She_ (have) blues eyes. 14. The boy _ (like) playingfootball.17. It _ (rain) quite often during the month of Jul

6、y every year.19. Mike usually_ (ride) a bike with his friends in thepark.26. We _ (not watch) TV on Monday.27. Sandy usually _ (play) the piano on Sundays.28. The cat_ (like) eating fish every much.29. Su Hai and Su Yang _ (have) eight lessons this term.30. She and I _ (take) a walk together every e

7、vening.34. She_ (like) fish, but she _ (not like) meat.第二讲： 代词（一）人称代词及物主代词(默写出此表格)人称第一人称单 数第二人称单 数第三人称单数第一人称复 数第二人称复 数第三人称复 数主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey我你他她它我们你们他（她、它）们宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem我你他她它我们你们他（她、它）们形容词性物主代 词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、

8、它）们 的一主格只能作主语；宾格作宾语 I （主语）am hungry, please give me（宾语） something to eat.我饿了，请给我一些吃的东西。主语: 句子要说明的人或事物The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 He likes dancing.他喜欢跳舞。谓语: 主语的动作、状态和特征，由动词来充当.We study English. 我们学习英语 2. He is asleep. 他睡着了。 宾语：动作、行为的对象 .I like China. 我喜欢中国。） 2.You can help me. 你能帮助我。二形容词性物主代词修

9、饰名词，必须放在名词前面，名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能再加名词用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. (she)3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _. (I) 4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. (he)5. _ dresses are red. (we) What co

10、lor are _? (you)6. Here are many books, which one is _? (she)7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? (you)9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. (it )10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. (they )11. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. (we )

11、12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. (she )13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. (he )14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. (they )15. Dont touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger! （it）16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. (she )17. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell

12、_. (we )18. So many dogs. Lets count _. (they )第三讲：名词（一）名词的分类名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单，复数之分，单数在前面加a/an来表示不可数名词没有复数形式，前面也不能用a/an来表示单数。如：water，tea，bread，rice, milk, money, time.。ice-cream, salad, chicken(既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词)（二）可数名词复数构成规则（1）一般情况下在词尾加s. bookbooks，dogdogs，penpens，boyboys辅音结尾的名词后的s的读音为s，以浊辅音和元音结

13、尾名词后的s读音为z。（2）以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词名词变复数时，要在词尾加es. e.g. beachbeaches，brushbrushes，busbuses，boxboxes（es读音为iz（3）以“辅音字母y”结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es. e.g. citycities，familyfamilies，documentarydocumentaries，countrycountries，（4）以o结尾的名词有生命的词加es如：. tomato，potato，hero,Negro;无生命的加s:. zoozoos，radioradios注：zero变复数时，既可加s，也可加 es:

14、 zeroszeroes注：不规则变化：. manmen，womanwome，EnglishmanEnglishmen， childchildren，Chinese- Chinese，sheep-sheep,（5）另外，当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。. five apple trees；，two girl friends，（此处apple, girl都不用复数，只有被修饰的名词用复数）注：当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，两个词都用复数形式。e.g. two men teachers两个男老师，three women doctors三个女医生可数名词复数前可用m

15、any（许多）、a lot of/lots of（许多）、some修饰，不可数名词用much, a lot of/lots of修饰2.不可数名词没有复数形式，它的“量”的表示方式如下。表确定数量时，一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：twothree+量词复数十of+不可数名词。a bag of rice，two glasses of milk，four bottles of water3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。. fruit水果fruits表示不同种类的水果；chicken鸡肉a chicken小鸡；orange橘汁an orange橘子； (三)名

16、词的所有格：表示人或物的所属关系：的（1）有生命的名词所有格的构成： 一般在词尾加s.： Mikes watch；Womens Day妇女节以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加，. teachers office，students rooms表示共同拥有某物时，只需在最后一个名词后加s. Tom and Mikes room汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房）表示分别拥有某物时，需在每个名词后都加s.e.g. Marys and Jennys bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）（2）无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构a map of China，the begin

17、ning of this game，the door of the room（3）双重所有格：可同时用s和of短语表示的名词所有格. a fiend of my mothers我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Toms汤姆的一张图片1. 写出下列词的复数形式。baby _ photo_ Chinese_ key_potato_ watch_ strawberry_ wish_ tomato_ dollar_ orange_ documentary_ boy_ child_ man_ this_ that_ woman_ you_ bus_ 2. 翻译短语 五个草莓_ 三个西红柿_一些

18、钥匙_ 两块手表_十个小孩_ 一些蔬菜_八个女老师_ 四辆公共汽车_ 一张吉姆家的全家照_ 一幅中国地图_ 汤姆的书包_ 我朋友的生日聚会_ 他们父母亲的房间_ 戴维和保罗各自的电脑_鲍勃和琳达的书橱_教师们的书桌_3.选择填空 1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos2. Would you like some ?A. rice B. rices C . a rice3. There are four and two in the g

19、roup.A. Chinese B Chineses, C. A Chinese C.Chinesese 4. Thats art book. A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys have got already.A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread7. There some in the river.A. is ,milk B. are, milks C. is, milks D. are ,milk8. There two in the box.A.

20、is;watch B. are ;watches C. are ;watch D. is; watches 9.I want some to drink.A. orange B.apples C oranges10. The two_ meeting room is near the reading room.A. woman teacher B. women teacherss C.woman teachers D.women teachers11. In China _ are everywhere.A.apple trees B. apples trees C. apple tree D

21、. apples tree苹果树第四讲： 数词（一）基数词 在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。1.基数词的构成（1）1-20:one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen，twenty（2）21-99 先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字符。23twenty-three，34thirty-four，45fortyfive，（3）101999先说“几百”， 586five hundred and

22、eighty-six，803eight hundred and three（二）序数词 在英语中表示顺序、次序的词称为序数词。1.序数词的构成（1）一般在基数词后加th e.g. four fourth，thirteen thirteenth（2）不规则变化 one first, two second，three third，five fifth，eight eighth，nine ninth，twelvetwelfth（记住基数词变序数词的口诀）（3）序数词的缩写形式为：阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾两个字母。first:1st second:2nd，fourt:4th， 23rd，一写出下列数

23、字的基数词和序数词 5._,_32._,_12._,_ 20._,_1._,_2._,_3._,_ 8._,_9._,_写出基数词变序数词的口诀：二翻译：1. 65个班级_ 27个男生_2. 82岁_ 44位女老师._3. 3本字典_ 2个图书馆._4. 12个月_ 18个妇女_5. 22个孩子_ 六杯茶_第五讲： 介词 (1) in , on，at In用于年、月及早上、下午、晚上前 in 1989, in January, in the morning, in the afternoon , in the evening。on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。 on May 1st, o

24、n Monday, on New Years Day, , on the morning of June 2nd , on Sunday afternoon等。at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间：at 3:20, at this time of year, .(2)with 表示用 工具、手段；和.一起；具有，带有 in 用语言(语调、颜色)等；He comes to the classroom with a book in his hand.(手).（带着）The teacher spoke to us in English. We have clothes in all colors.(3)f

25、or的用法 1）供用，给的 Is this apple for me? 这个苹果是给我的吗？ Here is a letter for your mother. 这儿有你妈妈的一封信。 2）作用（表用途） Do you need bags for sports? 你需要运动包吗？ I need a cup for milk. 我需要一个装牛奶的杯子。 3）就而言，对于来说 For lunch, I like hamburgers and salad. 午饭我喜欢汉堡和沙拉。 For girls, we have T-shirts in all colors.女孩子们可以买到各种颜色的T恤衫。

26、4）以的价格（表交换、价格） You can buy socks for only 5 dollars each. 你可以买到每双只卖5美元的袜子1. I always play games_ my sister. A. of B. with C. about D. at2. China is a country_ a long history.A. with B. on C. or D. at3. The girl _red is my sister.A. for B. with C. at D. in4. _girls, we have red skirts.A. for B. with

27、C. at D. in5.The T-shirt is _twenty yuan.A. for B. with C. at D. in6.I have chicken _ lunch.A. for B. with C. at D. in第六讲：There be句型1. 句型： 表示“某地有某人或某物”。其结构有：There is +单数可数名词或不可数名词+地点. There are +复数名词+地点.T here is an apples on the table.桌上有个苹果 There are some strawberries on the chair.注：当句中有2个或2个以上主语时

28、，be动词要与其最近的主语保持一致：There is a teacher and 54 students in our classroom.(be动词与最近的主语a teacher保持一致)There_ some bread on the table.A. is B . are C ,has D. have There_ some bananas and a pear in the bag.A. is B . are C ,has D. have There _ a pear and some bananas in the bag.第七讲 冠词 1. 种类：（1）不定冠词：a / an （2）

29、定冠词：the 元音音素开头的可数名词前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an ID card / an art lesson / 2. 定冠词的用法：（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk. （2）指上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new. （3）用在序数词前： Johns birthday is February the second.用冠词填空：1Whats this? Its _ clock. 2. Whats that?

30、Its _ alarm clock.3I have a sweater. _ sweater is new. 4. May is _ fifth month.Starter Unit 1- Starter-Unit3复习1How are you? 你（身体）好吗？ (Im) fine/Very well/Im OK, Thank you./thanks. How are you? / And you? 我很好，谢谢。你呢？ (Im)fine/OK, too. 我也很好。 2.Whats this/that in English? 这/那用英语怎么说？Its a/an + 单数物品 （不说Thi

31、s/That is）3.in Chinese/English/Japanese用汉/英/日语Spell it, please. = Please spell it. 请拼读它。What color is + 单数名词？Its /It is + 颜色. What color are + 复数名词？Theyre/They are + 颜色.What color is the key?（这把）钥匙是什么颜色的？ Its （It is）yellow. （它是）黄色的What color are the keys? 这些钥匙是什么颜色的？ Theyre (They are) red. （它们）是红色的

32、Unit1-Unit9复习1. Are you Helen? 你是海伦吗？Yes, I am.是的，我是。/ No, Im not. Im Gina. 不，我不是。我是吉娜2.问电话号码： Whats your/his/her telephone number? Its + 号码.3.Are these / those ? 这 / 那些是吗？Yes, they are. / No, they arent.4.the photo of your family = your family photo5.thanks / thank you for后接名词或动词ing为而感谢Thank you fo

33、r helping me.6.Sport“运动”，修饰名词时，总是用复数形式。sports meeting运动会sports shoes运动鞋7. play/do sports做运动.watch TV看电视8.on TV/ /on the computer/on the phone 在电视上/在收音机上/在电脑上/在电9. call sb at + 电话号码：“拨打号码找某人” Call Alan at 495-3539.拨打495-3539找艾伦10.some和any（一些）1) some一般用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句 11.do/does :1）作助动词，帮助构成一般现在时的否定

34、句或疑问句，无意义。 Do you have a soccer ball? 你有足球吗？ I dont know. 我不知道。2)作实义动词，“做，干”。I do my homework every day. 我每天都做家庭作业。 Bob does his homework every day. 鲍勃每天都做家庭作业12.询问价格 How much is +单数商品？ How much are + 复数商品？ Its + 钱 Theyre + 钱how many/how much 13询问数量how many + 可数名词复数，how much + 不可数名词 你有多少苹果？How many

35、apples do you have? 你想要多少水？How much water do you want?.1.3.socks袜子, shoes鞋, pants裤子,trousers裤子等都是成双成对的物品，一般以复数形式出现，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。但它们和a pair of （一双、一副或一对）连用作主语时，谓语动词要与pair在数上一致。 The pants are Toms. 这条裤子是汤姆的。 This pair of pants is Toms. 这条裤子是汤姆的。14. want to do sth. 想要做某事 on sale 出售；廉价出售 for sale待售 15.

36、Ill take it.我买了 at very good prices 以合理/优惠的价格16.问年龄用how old +be + 主语？答：主语 + be + 基数词（years old）How old are you? Im fifteen(years old) 你多大了？我15岁How old is he/she? He/She is twelve(years old)17.have a good time = have fun 玩的开心18Whats your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的学科是什么？=What subject do you like best? My

37、 favorite subject is math. 我最喜欢的学科是数学。= I like math best.19have + 学科：上某一学科的课。 have English 上英语课 have a class / lesson 上课 have breakfast / lunch / dinner 吃早饭 / 中饭/ 晚饭 have a soccer game 举行足球比赛.20. Thats for sure.的确如此。一、单项选择。 ( )1Its _ blackIts _ black rulerA. /; / Ba； C；a Da；a( )2. _ is that quilt? Its blackA. Which color BHow color CWhat color DWhats color( )3一Whats this? 一Its _ “ Nn” and_ “ Mm”. Aa, a Ban , an Ca , an D( )4Whats that _ English? Aat Bto Cin Don( )5