写作基本句型训练(8页).doc

《写作基本句型训练(8页).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《写作基本句型训练(8页).doc（8页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、-写作基本句型训练（一）学习内容：and, bothand, not onlybut also,but, however,neverthless, yet, while, for, so, otherwise 等引导的并列句型教学步骤：Step1.什么是并列句？1.两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，叫做并列句。其基本结构是：“一个主谓（宾）+ and + 一个主谓（宾）”（主系表） but （主系表） for so or 2.并列句中的几种关系：并列关系：and, both and, not nolybut also, as well as, neither nor转折关系：

2、but, however, while, nevertherless, yet选择关系：or, either.or因果关系：for, therefore例如：She not only sings but also dance. The film is not perfect,but its good. Take the chance, or you will regret it. Id better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain.3.注意：not only but also 应连接两个相对称的并列成分。例如： Not only Mr Lin

3、 but also his son joined the Party two years ago. （连接两个主语） I not only play tennis but also practise shooting. （连接两个谓语动词） He plays not only the piano but also the violin. （连接两个宾语） They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory. （连接两个地点状语）写作基本句型训练（二）学习内容：sothat/such.that/ in order to/

4、in order that/ tooto/ enough to do教学步骤：Step1.学习下列句子并翻译成中文1. He was so excited that he couldnt say a word.2. The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mothers day.3. He is so clever a boy that everybody likes him. 4. He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.

5、 5. Their performances were humorous enough to be copied by other.6. Others think the earth got too much hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more.7. He ran fast in order to catch the train.8.I get up early in order that i can catch the early bus.归纳出以上句型的意思：sothat:_ so that:_suchthat:_ enough to do:

6、_too to:_ in order to/that:_Step2.学习难点1. so+adj/adv+that:如此以致 so that:引导目的状语从句（句中含有情态动词）引导结果状语从句（句中不含情态动词）They got so excited that they cried out.（结果：因此）The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mothers day.（目的：为了） 2. so +adj/adv+a +名词+that=such+a+adj/adv+名词+that.:

7、 如此以致My father was so hard-working that he always forgot his meals.=My father was such a hardworking man that he always forgot his meals.=My father was so hardworking a man that he always forgot his meals. 3to+adj/adv+to :太以不能He is too young to look after himself.He got up too late to catch the firs

8、t bus.注意：此句型本身已含有否定意思，句中不需再另加否定词。如：He is too young to cant look after himself.() 如果too后面的形容词为happy, ready, willing, eager, anxious等表心理状态的词时，后面的动词表肯定：Im just too eager to know the result.我只是太想知道结果了。 4.当that 引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，sothat=beenough to do转换。当that 引导的结果状语从句为否定句时，sothat=tooto.=be notenough to do例如

9、：He ran so fast that he could catch the first bus = He ran fast enough to catch the first busDavid was so careless that he didnt find the mistakes in his text paper.= David was too careless to find the mistakes in his text paper.= David was not careful enough to find the mistakes in his text paper.

10、5.In order to do 这个短语放在句子做目的状语。 In order to pass the exam, he goes over his lesson day and night. 状语 主 谓 宾He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 主 谓 状语归纳结构: In order to do, + 句子（主+谓+宾）句子+in order to do。 In order that+句子：表示“目的”He goes over his lesson day and night in order that he can pass

11、the exam. 句子 句子He got up early in order that he could catch the first bus.归纳结构: 句子+in order that +句子 6. in order that=so that.以为“为了”He goes over his lesson day and night in order that he can pass the exam.= He goes over his lesson day and night so that he can pass the exam.根据第5.6点判断下面句子In order to y

12、our health, you should give up smoking.He saves money in order that buy a new computer. 写作基本句型训练（三）学习内容：Its+adj+(for sb.)+to do /that Its+adj.+of+sb.+to doIts+n+(for sb.)+to do/doing /that Its+pp+ thatthink/believe+it+adj+to /that think/believe+it+n+doing/that 1.Its difficult for him to give up smok

13、ing.2.Its certain that she will do well in the exam.3.Its very kind of you to help me.4.Its a pity that we cant go.5.Its said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.6.Its no using crying over spilt milk.7.I think it best that you should do more exercise.8.He found it difficult to accustom himself to g

14、etting up early.9.She thought it no good worrying about him.思考：找出1-6句的主语_. 找出7-9句的宾语_归纳：.1-6句中的it为形式主语，没有真正的意义，它的作用是帮助把真正的主语移至句子的后面，使句子显得平衡，句子的真正主语是句中的to do/doing/that从句。 .7-9句中的it为形式宾语，句子真正宾语是句中的to do/doing/that从句。例如：It is difficult for him to give up smoking. 形主 系 表 主语She thought it no good worryi

15、ng about him. 主 谓 形宾 宾补 宾语Step2.学习难点1.It+be+adj(obvious,important,natural,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,surprising,necessary,strange)+(for sb)+to do/that从句 It is important for us to learn English. It is certain that she will do well in the exam.注意：当It+be+adj+that此句型中的形容词为：imp

16、ortant, natural,desirable,advisable,strange则需要虚拟即：Its+be+adj（ important, natural,desirable,advisable,strange）+that sb (should) do: It is important that we(should) learn English. 2.It+be+adj+of sb +to do It is very kind of you to help me. 你真好，帮助我。本句型中的形容词必须是能表示人物（逻辑主语）特征的形容词，常见有：bad, brave, careless,

17、 clever, cruel, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, modest, naught, polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise等。 3.It +be+n(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, a fact)+to do /that从句It +be+n(no good , no use, no harm, dangerous, foolish)+doingIt is a pity that we cant go.It is no surprise that ou

18、r team should have won the game.It is an honor to attend this meeting.It is no harm drinking running water in that area.注意：当It+be+n+that此句型中的名词为：a pity, no wonder, a shame则需要虚拟即：Its+be+n（a pity, no wonder, a shame）+that sb (should) do: It is a pity that you (should) be so careless. 4.It +be +pp(said

19、, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, )+that从句It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.注意：当It+be+pp+that此句型中的分词为：desired, suggested, ordered, requested, proposed,表示请求，建议，命令则需要虚拟即：Its+be+pp（desired, suggest

20、ed, ordered, requested, proposed,）+that sb (should) do: Its suggested she should finish her homework this afternoon. 5. think/believe/made/consider/imagine/discover/see+it+adj+to do/thatI think it important (for us) to learn English.我认为学英语很重要。We think it highly probable that he is dead.我们认为他很有可能死了。

21、6. think/believe/made/consider/imagine/discover/see+it+n+ doing/thatWe think it no using crying over spilt milk.I think it a pity that you couldnt attend my birthday party.写作基本句型训练(四)学习内容：强调句型：it+be+强调部分+ that+其它 Only+状语引起的倒装 until. not until 句型教学步骤：Step 1. 学习并翻译下面的句子：1. It was him that we met at th

22、e school gate.2. Only in this way can we learn English well.3. You are to stay here until/till your mother comes back.4. I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut.思考：句子和分别是什么句式：_, _ Step 2. 学习难点：1. Only+状语（副词，介词短语，状从）置于句首引起的倒装 Only in this way can we learn English well.（we can learn Engl

23、ish well in this way） 介短Only then did I realize my mistakes. (I realize my mistakes then.) 副Only when he returned did we find out the truth. (when he returned did we find out the truth.) 状从（主句倒装从句不倒）注意： Only+状语（副词，介词短语，状从）置于句首引起的倒装属于部分倒装，即：把句中的助动词、情态动词置于主语的前面，如句can we; 当原句中没有或你想表达的句子中没有助动词或情态动词时，则需要

24、另添加助动词（do/does/did）来表示倒装，如句 did I，句 did we. 添加的助动词的时态必须与原句的时态保持一致。 only修饰主语时句子不倒装。判断下列句子的正误：1. Only after the war learned he the sad news.2. Only after the war he learned the sad news.3. Only after the war did he learned the sad news.4. Only can he answer the question.5. Only he answer the question.

25、6. Only when did he return did we find out the truth. 2. 强调句型：it+be+强调部分+ that+其它We met him at the school gate.It was him that we met at the school gate. 强调部分 其它 It was at the school gate that we met him. 强调部分 其它注意：如何判断强调句/写出正确的强调句：当把句中的It is/was .that 删去，剩下的部分仍能组成一个完整的句子。. It was him that we met at

26、 the school gate.() It is clear that not all the boys like football.() 形式主语 It was in 1919 that he was born. () It was 1919 that he was born. （）定从 3. not until.句型：直到.才The villagers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until the fish died in the river.注意：not until 句型的前半部分是需要否定形式的（即通过助动词、情态动词：d

27、ont/doesnt/didnt/cant/havent/wont.来否定）所选用的助动词的时态与原句保持一致。此句型的后半句（从句部分）需要用一般现在时表示将来。Jane wont go back home until she finishes her home work. not until 句型可以转化为倒装句和强调句1. not until放在句首主句要半倒装。 2. 强调：it is/was not until+强调部分+that+其它The villagers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until the fish di

28、ed in the river.Not until the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. It was not until the fish died in the river that the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 写作基础句型训练（五） 学习内容：with+n（宾语）+非谓语动词：doing / to do / done with+n（宾语）+介词短语 with+n（宾语）+adj /

29、adv with the development of / with the help of / with a population of / with a history of / with the price going up/ with each passing day/. 教学步骤：Step1.学习并翻译下列的句子：1. I couldnt do my homework with the noise going on.2. With two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.3. It was a

30、 pity that the great writer died with his work uncompleted.4. The old man sat on the chair with a pipe in this month.5. With the streets wet and slippery, we had to ride our bike slowly.6. With the meeting over, we returned to the classroom. 思考：划分上述句子成分找出with 结构在句中充当什么成分：_ Eg: I couldnt do my homewo

31、rk with the noise going on. 主 谓 宾 状（原因） With two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. 状 （原因） 主 谓 with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，做伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语。 Step 2.学习难点：1 with+n（宾语）+非谓语动词：doing / to do / done此结构中非谓语动词：doing 表示动作正在进行，表主动。to do表示将要进行的动作。 Done表示动作已完成或被动。He lay in bed with his he

32、ad covered.With winter coming on, its time to buy warm clothes.I cant go out with all these dishes to wash. 2. with+n（宾语）+介词短语He was asleep with his head on his arm.He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 3. with+n（宾语）+adj / advHe is used to sleeping with the windows open.She left t

33、he room with all the lights on. 4.常用的with复合结构短语作状语/定语With the development of the economy, our life has been improved a lot. 随着发展With the help of my teacher, I passed the exam. 在帮助下With the price going up, many people cant afford a house.随着价格的上升Our life is improving with each passing day. 随着每一天Shaogu

34、an is located in the north of Guangdong Province with a history of thousands of years. 有着历史Shaoguan is located in the north of Guangdong Province with a population of 300 thousand.有着人口写作基本句型训练（六） 学习内容：现在分词V-ing与过去分词V-ed作状语 教学步骤：Step1.学习并翻译下列的句子：1. Hearing the news, they got excited.(时间)2. The cup dr

35、opped to the ground, breaking into pieces.(结果)3. They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.(伴随)4. Having failed to reach them on phone, we sent an email instead.(原因)5. Not knowing his telephone number, I couldnt ring him.(原因)6. Not having received the inviation, he wouldnt come to the par

36、ty.(原因)7. Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like a lion.(时间)8. Criticized unfairly, she left the office without saying a word.(原因) 思考：划分上述句子成分找出V-ing与V-ed分词在句中充当什么成分：_例如： Hearing the news, they got excited. ？ 主 系 表V-ing与V-ed分词的逻辑主语是什么_，其与各句主语是否一致？_V-ing与V-ed分词与句子的主语存在什么关系：_（主动/被动），V-ing与V-ed

37、分词作状语有什么区别_.V-ing与V-ed分词作状语的否定形式各是什么：_ having done 与V-ing作状语有什么区别：_分词作状语时可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随等。 Step 2.学习难点：1.V-ing与V-ed分词作状语的区别：V-ing与其句子中的主语构成主动关系；V-ed分词与其句子中的主语构成被动的关系。Following his classmates, he entered the classrom.Followed by his classmates, he entered the classrom. 2. having done 与V-ing作状语的区

38、别：V-ing作状语表示V-ing这个动作与句子谓语动词同时发生或几乎同时发生；having done表示having done这个动作先与句子的谓语动词发生，强调动作的一先一后。Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. (一听到就跳起来，几乎同时发生)Having received the invitation, he came to the party. (先收到邀请，再去晚会。动作一先一后) 3having done 与V-ing作状语的否定形式：not+having done / not+V-ing Not knowing his telephone number, I couldnt ring him. Not having received the inviation, he wouldnt come to the party.Step 2.归纳总结：形式意义V-ing,+主+谓Not+Ving, +主+谓V-ing,的逻辑主语与句子主语一致；与句子中的谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生并构成主动关系。Having doneNot having done同主语，分词的动作先于谓语动词；被动关系V-ed，+主+谓同主语，被动关系-第 8 页-