(仁爱版)英语七年级下册知识点归纳与总结(10页).doc

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1、-(仁爱版)英语七年级下册知识点归纳与总结-第 10 页（仁爱版）英语七年级下册知识点归纳Unit 5 Topic1 重点语法一般现在时（常与频度副词_never_, _seldom_, _sometimes_,_often_, _usually_，_always_等连用）重点句型 How do you usually come to school? I usually come to school by subway. How often do you go to the library? _once_(一次)/_twice_(两次)/_three _times_(三次)a week Ver

2、y often/Every day/Seldom重点详解1.I always come to school by bus. by+交通工具名称，表示使用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，如果交通工具前有_a/an_, _the_,形物代_ 等限定词，就不能用by,而是用_in_或是_on_. on the train=_by_ train on his bike=_by_ bike in my car=_by_ car.Eg: I go to school by bike. (on my bike)Ps： 之前说的take+a/an/the+交单，但是这是一个动词词组，不能和By+交单对等互换。系

3、动词 包含Be句子结构：1 主谓宾： I love you。 2 主谓：I go。 3 主系表： you are beautiful。 巧辩异同on foot 与 walk on foot “走路”，是介词短语，不能作谓语，只作方式状语，位于句末。walk “走路”,是动词，可以作谓语。go toon foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I often _ _school. 同样，go to.by bike = ride/_take_ a bike to go to. by car = drive/_take_ a car to go to

4、 by plane = fly to/_take_ _a_ _plane_ _to_ go to by bus =_take_ a bus to2 .Come on! Its time for class. come on 意思是“_，_，_”。Its time _for_ sth=Its time _to_ _do_ sth.=Its time for doing sth.Its time for dinner=Its time to eat dinner=Its time for eating dinner.3 .look的短语 look _the_ _same_看起来一样 look _l

5、ike_看起来像 look _for_寻找 look _after_ 照顾4 .do my homework at school 在学校做作业do ones homework 做家庭作业（注意：ones 要随主语的变化而变化，常用形容词性物主代词_my_, _your_, _his_，_her_, _its_, _our_，_your_,their等）。5 we _want_ _to_ know about the school life of American students. 我们想了解一下美国学生的学校生活。 Want to do sth= would like to do sth.

6、know about “了解，知道关于”。6 巧辩异同 a few与few ：_ “一些”，_“很少，几乎没有”，修饰_名词。a little与little：_“一些”，_“很少，几乎没有”，修饰_ 名词。7 They often play basketball or soccer, go swimming and so on. go swimming 去游泳and so on “等等”，表示还有很多。 拓展 go+v.-ing 表示去做某事，强调_(户内/户外)，户内：do some ving类似的有： _ _fishing_ 去钓鱼 _go_ _shopping_ 去买东西 _ _boat

7、ing_ 去划船 _ _skating_ 去滑冰8 How often do you go to the library?你多久去一次图书馆？ how often“多久一次”，问_。答语常用频度副词never, always,often等或单 位时间内的次数：_once a week_一周一次 _twice a month_每月两次_three times a year_ 每年三次语法讲解 一般现在时一般现在时表示：（1）现在所处的状态。Jane _is_ at school. Jane在学校。（2）经常或习惯性的动作。I often _ _ school by bus. 我经常坐公交去上学。

8、（3）主语具备的性格和能力。He likes _ football. 他喜欢踢足球。（4）客观真理。The earth goes _around_ the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。 常用的时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等等。 行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是do/dont和does/doesnt.当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时，行为动词用原形。 肯定式：I go to school on foot. 否定式：I _ _ _ school on foot. 疑问式：_ you _ _ school on foot? Yes

9、, I _ . No, I _ 当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。（思考：动词单三变换规律） 肯定式：He_ to work by bus. 否定式：He _ _ _ work by bus. 疑问式：_ he _ _ work by bus? Yes, he_ . No, he _ .Topic2重点语法现在进行时态。Be+ving重点句型What are you _ ? He is cleaning the dormitory. Are you _ your homework? Yes, I am./No, I am not.重点详解1 at the m

10、oment“此刻，现在”,相当于_now_ .2 巧辩异同go to sleep与go to _bed_ go to bed“上床”“就寝”I often go to bed at ten. go to sleep“入睡”“睡着”Last night I went to sleep _ two oclock.3 巧辩异同some, a few 与a little“一些，有些”三者都修饰名词。some既可以修饰_ 名词又可以修饰_ 名词。We want some apples and some water. a few用在_ 名词_ 数之前，a little用在_ 名词之前。There are

11、_ _ books and _ _ water in the classroom. 教室里有一些书和一些水。4 与how相关的短语_ _多常_ _/_ _多少 how much多少钱_ _多大5You must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return意为“归还，回归” return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人=_give_ _back_ sth. to sb/_give_ sth back to sbGive sth to sb / give sb sth return to“回到”，相当于come _back_ to6 Maria and a gi

12、rl are talking at the lost and found. talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk _to_/with sb.“与某人交谈”巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell (1)_“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。 (2) _“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。 (3)_“说”，强调所说的话的内容。 (4) _“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tell a truth说真话，tell a lie说谎, tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。7. I cant find my purse(=wallet) and I am looking

13、 for it. _ _“寻找”，强调寻找的过程； _“找到”强调找的结果。8 .look(at), see与 read _指看的动作，_指看的结果，_常指看书、看报纸等。9 .Here are some photos of his.这有他的一些照片。 photos of his是双重所有格。his是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词所有格。a friend of _mine_我的一个朋友 a classmate of my _brothers_我弟弟的一个同学 A book of yours a wallet of his mothers a car of my fathers 弟弟的同学：br

14、others classmate10 .I also want to go there one day.我也希望有一天到那儿。 also意为“也”，常用于be动词和情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。 巧辩异同 also与tooalso放在_，too用于_。语法讲解 现在进行时1.现在进行时表示：现在正在进行或发生的动作。2.常用的时间状语：_look_, at the moment, _now_, listen等。3.谓语动词构成：be(am/is/are)+v.-ing形式。4.现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式。（1）肯定式：I am running. You are running. He/S

15、he is running.（2）否定式：_I am not_ running. You _ running. He/She_running.（3）一般疑问句及回答：Are you running? Yes, I_./No, I _.Is he/she running? Yes, he/she _./ No. he/she _.Topic3 重点语法一般现在时和现在进行时的使用和异同。重点句型 What day is it today? Its _. Why do you like it? Its easy and interesting. What class are they having

16、? They _ _ a music class.重点详解1 询问星期几用What day？回答：Its Wednesday/Sunday。(复习周一到周日)与特殊疑问句词what有关的短语：what _什么班 what _什么颜色what _几点 what _几号（日期）2 How many lessons does he have every weekday?_ _+可数名词的复数形式；_ _+不可数名词。3 一个星期的第一天是Sunday, 在星期几前用介词_,在具体点钟前用_4 learning about the past了解过去learn about了解 拓展learn _向学习l

17、earn _ _自学5 What do you think of ? = _ _ _ _?你认为怎么样？6 Why? Because its interesting. 用why提问必须用_回答。7 Which subject do you like best?你最喜欢什么科目？like best最喜欢，可用_“特别喜爱的”转换。（思考：转换对等吗？）8 be friendly to sb. 对某人友好=_Unit6 Topic1 重点语法There be 句型和方位介词短语。重点句型 There _two bedrooms and a a small study. There _a lamp,

18、 a computer, some books and so on. Is there a computer in your study? Yes, there is. Dont put them here. Put them away. 重点讲解1 Its on the second floor. 在哪一层楼，用介词_。on表示在上面。second是序数词，前面要用定冠词_, 意为第二（的）。 巧辩异同 two与secondtwo是_数词，second是_数词，“第二”或“第二的”，指排列顺序。2 in 在里面，是方位介词。in the box in the classroomIs ther

19、e? 表示某地存在吗？其肯定回答是：Yes, there is. 否定回答No, there _.它的复数形式为Are there? 其肯定回答是：Yes, there _. 否定回答No, there arent.3 巧辩异同 there be与 have(1) there be“有”，指（某地）存在“有”。(2) have“有”，指人或某物“拥有”。There is a dog in the picture. The dog _ two big eyes.注：there be 遵循就近原则。be 用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复

20、数就用are。4 have a look看看。后面接名词时要用_. 如have a look at your watch.5 talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词。 talk with/to “与某人交谈”6 用来询问某地有某物，其结构为：Whats+介词短语，回答时应用there be句型。7 play with“和玩耍”，“玩” play _ sb.“与某人一起玩”8 put _ 把放好9 look after“保管，照顾”，相当于take _ _10 巧辩异同in the tree与on the tree (1) _ the tree 指外来物体在树上。(2) _the

21、tree树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。11 巧辩异同like doing与like to do like _ 表示经经常性或习惯性的兴趣、爱好。与love doing相似。 like _ 表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢。与love to do相似。12 Im very glad to get a letter from you.我很高兴收到你的来信。 get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信_ from sb. Topic2 重点语法There be 句型 Wh-questions重点句型 Whats your home like? Whats the matter? Sorry,

22、I cant hear you. Ill get someone to check it right now. There is something wrong with my kitchen fan. 重点讲解1 house with three bedrooms.有三间卧室的房子。with “有，带有”。 With还可以意为“和（某人/某物）在一起”2 apartment for a family of two.适合两口之家的公寓。 (1) _表示“给”表示目的或功能。Here is a letter for you. (2)_的含义为“属于某人/某事物”。She is a friend

23、of Lilys. = She is Lilys friend.3 Whats the matter?怎么了？该句常用来询问某或某物出了什么什么问题或毛病；询问具体某人或某物出了什么问题时，还可以表达为：Whats the matter_ sb./sth.某人或某物出了什么毛病。 Whats the matter? = Whats _?4 I hear you playing the piano.我听见你在弹钢琴。 hear_sth.“听见在做某事”，强调正在进行的动作。（do还是doing） hear_ sth.“听见做了某事”，强调全过程。（do还是doing） hear about st

24、h.听到关于某事物的消息 hear _ sb.接到某人的来信、电话等 hear _5 a lot of = _ of许多 后接_数名词，相当于many；后接不可数名词，相当于_,用于肯定句中；但是注意：如果是否定句，刚常用many或much.6 be far from 离远（抽象距离） beaway from离远（具体距离） My school is not far from the bookstore. The sea is 2 miles away from the hotel.7 There is something wrong _ sb./sth.某人或某物出问题/有毛病了。8 Ill

25、 get someone to check it right now.我马上派人去检查。 get sb._ sth.使某人做某事 someone=somebody某人 right now= _ _= right away马上，立刻语法讲解 There be（表示“有”）用法1.“There + be+主语+地点状语”表示“某处有某物”；地点状语也可放在句首，有时可用“，”与后面的部分隔开。There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictures.“_”提到“there”之前。 _ there any bo

26、oks on the desk?“be”后加“not”.Topic3 重点语法特殊疑问句和问路、指路的方式。重点句型 Excuse me, how can I get to Go along and turn left at the first street. Be careful! Dont play on the street.重点讲解1 go up “沿着走”与它相近的词有go _/_2 get to 到达，后接地点名词 get to =reach=arrive _/_ 与get有关的短语： get _ 收获 get _上车 get _下车 get _出去 get out _从出来 ge

27、t _起床3 across from 在对面4 Its good to help children and old people to cross the road.帮助孩子和老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为。Its good _ _ sth.做某事是助人为乐的行为。5 on the corner of = _the corner of “在拐角处”，表示在某一地方或建筑物外面的拐角处。_ the corner of 表示在某一建筑物内的拐角处。 6 有关come的短语 come_ 来到 come _来自于 come _ 加油，赶快 come_ 进来 come _ 出来 come _下来 com

28、e _回来Unit7 Topic1 重点语法掌握be动词的一般过去式。Was/were重点句型 _Were_ you born in Hebei? Yes, I _was_./ No, I _wasnt_. When_ your daughter born? She _ born on October 22nd, 1996.Whats the shape of your present? = What does it look like?how old/How tall/how highHow long/wide is it? What do we use it for? We use it

29、to study English. Use sth for sth use sth to do重点讲解1 英语中日期可以有两种表达法： (1)月日，年。_July 30th, 2014_ (2)日月，年。_30th July， 2014_2 plan _to do_ sth.计划做某事 plan for 某事 I plan to have/hold/celebrate birthday party. I plan for a visit to +地方。3 基数词变序数词的规律： 基变序，有规律，五、十二ve用f替再加th the fifth the twelfth 一二三，特殊记，整几十改y为

30、ie再加th first second third thirtieth 八去t九去e再加th，几十几只改个位就可以。 Eighth ninth4 表示确切“几百”时，hundred后面不加“s”，但表示不确定数目的“数以百计”时，hundred后面应加“s”，用“hundreds of”表示。 _three_ _hundred_ _students_三百名学生 hundreds of _students_几百名学生 thousand ten thousand one hundred thousand million(百万) ten million 100 million billion789，

31、456，123 seven hundred and eighty-nine million four hundred and fifty-six thousand one hundred and twenty-three只有百位和十位间用and连接1,234,567,891: one billion two hundred and thirty-four million five hundred and sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and ninety-one5 英语中表达物体的长、宽、高，先说数字，再说单位，最后加上一个表示长、宽、高的形容词。“”读

32、做“point”。6.4米长 six point four meter longPoint (v.) to/at 指 15.2 M 高： fifteen point two meter high6 What do we use it for?我们用它来做什么? use sth. _to_ _do_ sth.用某物做某事. = use sth. _for_ doing sth.语法讲解 be动词的一般过去时1. be动词的一般过去时，表示过去存在的状态。 My brother _ at school yesterday.2. be动词的过去式为_ /_ ,其否定式为was not/_(缩写)和w

33、ere not/_(缩写).3. 一般疑问句以及简略回答：_ you born in July,1999? Yes, I _ ./No,I _ .Topic2 重点语法掌握情态动词can/cant,could/couldnt的用法。重点句型 Can/Could you dance? Yes, I can/could. No, I cant/couldnt. What can you do? I can speak English. He cant sing English songs.重点讲解1 Do you want to sing Chinese songs or English song

34、s? Chinese songs. 选择疑问句中，回答时只能选择一者作答，不能用“_ ”或“_ ”回答。2 Id（would） like to take these flowers to the party. take sb./sth. _sw.带某人/某物去某地Borrow/boring/bring 巧辩异同 take与bring _ （从说话人处带到别处）带去，带走 _ （由别处带到说话人处）带来3 一段时间+_ 是表示过去的时间状语。 例如：two years ago at the _age_ of 在岁的时候4 be good _at_ doing sth. = do well _in

35、_ doing sth.擅长做某事，在方面做得好。She is good at dancing = she does well in dancing5 with ones help = with the help_ 在的帮助下With As help, I can play LOL= With the help of A, I can play LOL.6 can和could的使用 (1) can(could)“可以，同意，准许”表示请求，允许。could语气较can委婉。 (2) can“会，能”，表示能力，could表示过去的能力。Topic3重点语法行为动词的一般过去时及其回答。重点句型

36、 Did you sing a song at the party? Yes, I did/No, I didnt. I missed the chair and fell down. How could you lie to me?Kangkang made a silent wish and then he blew the candles out in one breath.重点讲解1 Did Kangkang enjoy himself?康康玩得开心吗？ Enjoy是及物动词，后接名词，代词或是动名词，意为“喜爱，欣赏，享受的乐趣。” enjoy oneself = have a _

37、/_great_time玩得愉快 enjoy _doing_sth. 喜欢做某事巧辩异同 like, love与enjoy(1)_ 喜欢（程度较弱）like doing/to do (2) _ 热爱（程度较强）love doing/to do(3)_ 喜爱，欣赏，享受的乐趣enjoy doing2 Its your turn.该你了。 turn 是名词，意思是“轮流”，Its ones turn_ _ sth.轮到某人做某事。 还可以做连系动词，意为“变成”，后接形容词做表语。 例如：树叶变绿了。The _leaves_ _turn_ _green_ 。3 反身代词oneself变化如下：第一

38、二人称用形容词性物主代词+self(selves)I_ you_yourself_/(_yourselves_) 第三人称用人称代词宾格+self(selves) ourselveshe_himself_ her_herself_ they_themselves_4 What happened to Michael at the party?聚会上迈克发生什么事情了？ happen _ sb. 某人发生某事, to是介词 happen_ _碰巧干某事，to是不定式符号语法讲解 一般过去式一、 一般过去式表示： （1）过去存在的状态。My father _(be) at work yesterd

39、ay afternoon. ( 2 )过去某个时间发生的动作。 I _(get) up at 6:30 yesterday. (3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always_(go) to work by bus last year. 常用的时间状语：two days/months/years ago, last year, in those days, just now,in 2002二、动词过去式的构成：1. 规则动词在动词后面直接加“_”。play-played 动词以“e”结尾加“_”。move-moved 动词以辅音字母加y结尾改y为_加_. study-studied 动词为重读闭音节，双写词尾的辅音字母加ed. plan-_ stop-_2. 不规则动词 am/is-was are-were do-did (详情见书后不规则动词表)三、行为动词一般过去时态陈述句变否定句和一般疑问句： 肯定句：I bought some books yesterday. 否定句： I_didnt_ _buy_ any books yesterday.一般疑问句：_Did_you _buy_ any books yesterday?