初中各时态知识点讲解(15页).doc

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1、-初中时态知识点总结一、 一般现在时时态：用法 1、经常性的动作 例：Jim watches TV every day. 2、现在的特征或状态 例：He is 12 years old. 3、自然现象或客观真理 例：The earth goes round the sun.1、与一般现在时连用的时间状语：usually, often, always, every day, now, sometimes, on Sundays等。2、四个基本句型：肯定句：Jim is a teacher. Lily watches TV every day. They watch TV every day.否定

2、句：Jim is not a teacher Lily doesnt watch every day. They dont watch TV every day.一般疑问句：Is Jim a teacher? Yes, he is. No, he isnt. Does Lily watch TV every day? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. Do they watch TV every day? Yes, they do. No, they dont.特殊疑问句: What is Jim? What does Lily do every day? What

3、 do they do every day?3、动词第三人称单数构成规则：1、一般在动词尾加s. 例：play - plays 2、以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词加s 例：watch-watches 3、以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，改y为i ,再加es 例：study studies 4、特殊变化的有：be- is have-has go- goes do- does练习：用所给动词适当形式填空1. _ (be) Jim and I in the same class? No, you _.2. Your new book _ (be) over there.3. Jim, why _ (b

4、e) you late for school?4. Jims sister _ (do) her homework every day.5. She _ (not do) morning exercises every day.6. _ your mother always _ (do) her homework?7. Lucy usually _ (have) breakfast at 7 in the morning.8. _ our teacher _ (has) any pencils?9. _ Lucy and Lily _ (like) China?10. Li Lei _ (no

5、t drink) orange every day?改错：每句有一处错误1. Is she Mr. Greens daughter? Yes, shes. _2. Are you Mr. Wang? Yes, you are. _3. Her mother doesnt often brushes her teeth. _4. Do they watch TV every day? Yes, they does. _5. Lucy read books at 7 every day. _6. Jim not cooks every day. _7. Is Jim an English teac

6、her? No, he arent. _8. Lucy doesnt has lunch at school every day. _9. Jims brother is go to school every day. _10. The boys are often go to the zoo. _写出动词的第三人称单数形式Eat watch see say go be do have 句型转换1. Jim is at school today.否定句：_一般疑问句：_Yes和NO回答: _特殊疑问句：_2. Lucy watches TV every day.否定句：_一般疑问句：_Yes和

7、NO回答: _特殊疑问句：_3. The boys go to school every day.否定句：_一般疑问句：_Yes和NO回答: _特殊疑问句：_二、 现在进行时 用法：1、现在进行的动作 例：Jim is reading an English book now. 2、当前一段时期内正在进行的动作 例：They are living in Wuhan these days.1、与现在进行时连用的时间状语：now, these days, 或有look, listen的提示2、构成： be + 现在分词3、四个基本句型肯定句：Jim is watching TV now.否定句：Ji

8、m is not watching TV now.一般疑问句：Is Jim watching TV now? Yes, he is. No, he isnt.特殊疑问句：What is Jim doing now?4、现在分词的构成1、一般动词词尾加ing 例：read- reading 2、以不发音字母e结尾的词，去e加ing 例：make- making 3、一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾重读的词，双写辅音字母再加ing. 例：put putting 4、特殊的有：be- being lie-lying tie- tying die-dying5、少数动词的现在进行时的表示将要发生、常见的

9、有：go, come, leave, fly, move, start, arrive, do 例：He is leaving Wuhan for Beijing. 他将要离开武汉去北京。 What is Jim doing on vocation? 吉姆度假打算做什么？练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Wheres our teacher? He _ (watch TV) over there now.2. They _ (be) in the room now.3. Listen! Lucy and Lily _ (talk) about the weather.4. Be quiet!

10、 My teacher _ (say) something.5. Look! Lucy and Lily _ (swim) in the river.6. It is 8 oclock. They _ (have) an English class.7. _ you _ (study) English? Yes, I am.8. Mr. Smith cant come. He_ (have) a meeting. (会议)改错：每句有一处错误1. Is he reading newspapers every day? _2. Are they playing football? No, the

11、y dont. _3. They are running on the playground. _4. Look! The students playing basketball. _5. They are watch TV in the room now. _6. Lucy and Lily are singing and dance. _7. Lucy are now do her homework at school. _8. Listen! Jim and Tom dont now singing. _写出动词的ing形式Write study have do be eat sing

12、get 句型转换1. Her mother is reading now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_用yes和NO回答：_特殊疑问句：_三、 一般过去时态 用法: 过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 例：His mother watched TV yesterday evening. Jim was at home last night.1、 与一般过去时连用的时间状语：yesterday, last month, two days ago, in 1998, the other day(几天前)，last year2、 四个基本句型肯定句：Jim was at home yesterday. L

13、ily watched TV last night.否定句：Jim was not at home yesterday. Lily did not watch TV last night.一般疑问句：Was Jim at home yesterday? Did Lily watch TV last night? Yes, he was. No, he wasnt. Yes, she did. No, she didnt.特殊疑问句：Where was Jim yesterday? What did Lily do last night?3、 动词的过去式的构成规则：1、一般在词尾加ed. 例：

14、want- wanted 2、以e结尾的词，只加d. 例：live- lived 3、辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y-i ,再加ed. 例：study- studied 4、一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾且重读的词，双写辅音字母，再加ed. 例：stop- stopped 练习: 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Jim _ (break) a pen yesterday.2. Lucy _ (not do) the homework last night.3. _ Lily _ ( clean) the room this morning? No, she_.4. Where _ they_ (ha

15、s) lunch yesterday?5. How many apples _ you _ (buy) yesterday?6. _ (be) they all here yesterday? No, they _.7. When _ (be) he born? Match 8th.8. I _ (not be) at school yesterday.9. Jim got up and _ (brush) his teeth.10. Look! Her mother _(clean) the classroom.改错：每处有一个错误1. We was at school the day be

16、fore yesterday. _2. Did Lucy and Lily visit the farm? Yes, they do. _3. Every day she went to the farm with us. _4. They stoped to have a drink after walking so far. _5. She reads the book and listened to the radio yesterday evening. _6. They didnt watched TV yesterday. _7. What did they made last S

17、unday. _8. She was went to school early yesterday. _写出动词的过去式Dance study play get句型转换1. Jim was ill yesterday. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_用yes和NO回答：_特殊疑问句：_2. Lucy played the guitar yesterday.否定句：_一般疑问句：_用yes和NO回答：_特殊疑问句：_四、 过去进行时 用法：1、过去某个时间正在进行的动作 例：Jim was cooking at six last night. 2、 过去一段时间正在进行的动作 例：I was stay

18、ing here from March to May last year.1、与过去进行时态连用的时间状语：at six last night, then=at that time, at this time yesterday或有when the teacher came in 和while he was reading这样的从句2、四个基本句型： 肯定句：Jim was cooking at six last night. 否定句：Jim was not cooking at six last night. 一般疑问句：Was Jim cooking at six last night?

19、Yes, he was. No, he wasnt.特殊疑问句：What was Jim doing at six last night?3. 构成：was/ were + 动词ing.练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Jim _ (watch) TV last night.2. Jim _ (watch) TV at nine last night.3. Now Jims sister _ (read) an English book.4. _ you _(have) supper at that time.5. What _ he _ (do) at nine last night6.

20、Jim _ (not read) a book at eight yesterday evening.7. _ Lily _ (draw) a cat when the teacher came in? No, she _.8. When the teacher came in, the students _ (read) the text.9. Her mother _ (cook) while her father was watching TV.10. Lucy and Lily _ (make) the bed at 7 last night.改错句：每句有一处错误1. Jim was

21、 write carefully at nine last night. _2. Tomorrow they were swimming in the river. _3. At that time she listening to the radio. _4. Jim and I was playing when Lucy came in. _5. I was studing English when the teacher came in. _6. Were you cooking a meal? Yes, I were. _7. Jim isnt doing his homework w

22、hile he was listening to the music._8. The farmers _ (water) the flowers when we got to the farm.句型转换Lucy was singing in the room.否定句：一般疑问句：Yes和No回答：特殊疑问句：对比一下三个句型：1. Jim was reading when the teacher came in.2. Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.3. Jim came in while Kate was watching TV.五、 一

23、般将来时态： 用法：将来某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。1、构成的有两种方式：A：will + 动词原形 B：be going to + 动词原形 例：It will rain tomorrow. Jim is going to buy a pen tomorrow.2、四个基本句型：肯定句：He will buy a pen tomorrow. He is going to buy a pen tomorrow.否定句：He will not buy a pen tomorrow. He is not going to buy a pen tomorrow.一般疑问句：Will he buy

24、 a pen tomorrow? Is he going to buy a pen tomorrow?特殊疑问句：What will he do tomorrow? What is he going to do tomorrow?3、如果是第一人称的疑问句，则用shall+动词原形 例：Shall we go to the park by bus?4、 有时候be 动词常用一般现在时例：What day it is tomorrow? Are you free tomorrow? Its Sunday tomorrow.5、 与一般现在时连用的时间状语：tomorrow, next week,

25、 soon, in three days, in 2018练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. My mother _ (buy) a pair of new trousers this weekend.2. Jim _ (leave) for Japan tomorrow.3. There _ (be) an English evening next week.4. _ we_ (have) a meeting next Monday?5. Who _ (teach) you English next year?6. _ Lucy _ (clean) the room tomorrow? No

26、, she _.7. Think over, and you _ (get) a good idea.8. Look at the students! They _ (play) basketball over there.改错：每句有一处错误1. He will sing and dances for us tomorrow. _2. Are you going to swim? Yes, I will._3. He will help Jim with his English every day. _4. The students will not plant trees next wee

27、k._5. Are they going to plays basketball tomorrow? _6. Will we go to visit the factory tomorrow? _7. Lucy will be going to clean the room next month._8. Will Tom go to Japan next week? No, he isnt. _句型转换1. Jim is going to play basketball tomorrow.否定句：一般疑问句：用yes和No回答：特殊疑问句：2. Tom will play the violin

28、 for us tomorrow.否定句：一般疑问句：用yes和No回答：特殊疑问句：六、 现在完成时 用法：1、过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 例：Yesterday I finished the work. That is to say, I have finished my homework. 2、过去时间开始，一直持续到现在的动作。 例：I have lived here since 1990.1、 现在完成时的构成：have/ has+ 过去分词2、 四个基本句型：肯定句：He has cleaned the room.否定句：He has not cleaned the r

29、oom.一般疑问句：Has he cleaned the room? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.特殊疑问句：What has he done?3、 现在完成时常和下列词语搭配使用1. I have already found my pen. ( already 已经，在句中或句尾，用于肯定句)2. Have you bought a computer yet? (yet 已经，在句尾，用于否定句和疑问句)3. Have you ever visited the park? ( ever 曾经， 在句中)4. I have just done my work. ( ju

30、st 刚刚，在句中)5. I have never been there before. (never 从不，在句中；before 以前，在句尾)6. So far he has leant 200 words. ( so far 到目前为止，在句首或句尾)7. How long have you lived here? ( how long 多久， 对一段时间提问，多用于现在完成时)8. How many times has he been to Beijing? ( how many times 多少次，多用于现在完成时)4、 去了某地，还未回来，不再说话现场(可能在去的途中或已抵达目的地

31、)，主语一般为第三人称单数）have/ has gone to 例：Jim has gone to Beijing. 去过某地，人已经回来了，在说话的现场 have/ has been to 例: Jim has been to Beijing.5、 for + 一段时间常见于完成时态 例：Jim has lived here for 2 months.since + 过去时间点常见于现在完成时态 例：Jim has lived here since 2 months ago/ since he came here two months ago. 6、 短暂性动词不能和一段时间连用例：Lucy

32、 has bought the book for 10 days. (错) 原因：短暂性动词不能和一段时间10 days 连用。改正的办法有三种：A： Lucy has bought the book. (去掉一段时间for 10 days) B: It is 10 days since Lucy bought the book. (固定句型：it is + 一段时间 since + 一般过去式。 C: Lucy has had the book for 10 days. (用延续性动词have代替瞬间动词buy)7、 还有其它的短暂性动词举例如下：1. come, arrive, get t

33、o, reach-be here go, leave-be away 例: Jim has left for 3 hours. (错) 改为：Jim has been away for 3 hours.2. begin, start-be on finish, end-be over 例: The movie has begun for ten minutes. (错) 改为：The movie has been on for ten minutes.3. open-be open close-be closed 例：The shop has opened for three months.（

34、错） 改为：The shop has been open for three months.4. die-be dead borrow-keep或have 例：His father has died for three years. (错) 改为：His father has been dead for three years. I have borrowed the book for ten days.（错） 改为：I have kept the book for ten days.5. join 例：He has joined the Party for three years. (错)

35、改为：He has been in the Party for three years. /He has been a Party member for three years.练习：1. Thanks a lot. It is sunny again. It _ ( rain) for a long time.2. _ Mr. Li _ (live) here since 8 years old? No, he _.3. He _ (teach) us English here since we _ (see) him 5 years ago.4. How many times _ you

36、_ (be) to Beijing? Only one. I _ (go) there two years ago.5. Ive lost my cat. _ you ever _ (see) it anywhere?6. Wait here, please. The train _ (not arrive) yet.7. He has found his bike. When _ he _ (find) it?8. I _ (not read) the book before.9. The teacher _ (reach) Beijing ten days ago.改错：每句有一处错误1. Jim has bought the pen for just 3 days. _2. The man has died for 2 years. _3. I have gone to Beij