汽车专业英语读译教程(梁桂航 第3版 )习题与答案TEXT C.docx

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1、汽车专业英语读译教程(第3版)TEXT C课后练习题(EXERCISES)参考答案UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICSUNIT 2 ENGINE MECHANICALTEXT C Piston and Rod RepairChoose the best answer for each of the followings:1. Most pistons have an arrow or notch on the top of the piston, indicating that this side should face a.a. the front of the engineb.

2、 the rear of the enginec. the left side of the engined. the right side of the engine2. When hone marks intersect at c the cross-hatch angle is most satisfactory forproper seating of the rings.a. 30-40b. 40-50c. 50-60d. 60-703. Using a d, check the piston ring gap with the ring positioned at least 0.

3、50inch. (12 mm) from the bottom of the cylinder bore.a. micrometerb. bore gagec. telescope gauged. feeler gauge4. The engine crankshaft and connecting rod bearing clearances can be determined by the use of b.a. bore gageb. Plastigagec. telescope gauged. feeler gauge Offset lever nylon insert worn or

4、 lever attaching nut loose Gearshift mechanism, shift forks, interlock plate, shift rail, detent plugs, springs or shift cover worn or damaged Clutch shaft or roller bearings worn or damagedGear teeth worn or tapered, synchronizer assemblies worn or damaged, excessive end play caused by worn thrust

5、washers or output shaft gears Pilot bushing wornWill not shiftinto one gear Gearshift selector plates, interlock plate, or selector arm, worn, damaged, or incorrectly assembled Shift rail detent plunger worn, spring broken, or plug loose Gearshift lever worn or damaged Synchronizer sleeves or hubs,

6、damaged or wornI. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese:1. Inspect the friction surfaces of the clutch plate, pressure plate and flywheel for signs of uneven contact, indicating improper installation or damaged clutch springs. Also look for score marks, burned areas, deep grooves, cracks a

7、nd other types of wear and damage. 检查离合器从动 盘、压盘和飞轮的摩擦外表是否有接触不均匀的迹象，接触不均匀说明安装不当或离合器弹 簧损坏。还要查看有无划痕、烧伤、深槽、裂缝和其他类型的磨损和损坏。2. Measure the distance from the rivet heads to the lining surface. There should be at least 1/16-inch of fining above the rivet heads.测量从钾钉头到衬里外表的距离。摩擦衬片外表应至 少高于钾钉头1/16英寸。3. Check th

8、e lining for contamination by oil or grease and replace the clutch disc with a new one if any is present. Check the hub for cracks, blue discolored areas, broken springs and contamination by grease or oil.检查摩擦衬片是否有油或油脂污染，如有那么应更换离合器摩擦 衬片。检查离合器毂是否有裂纹、蓝色变色区域、弹簧断裂以及被油脂或机油污染的现象。4. Check the flatness of t

9、he pressure plate with a straightedge. Look for signs of overheating, cracks, deep grooves and ridges. The inner end of the diaphragm spring fingers should not show any signs of uneven wear. Replace the pressure plate with a new one if its condition is in doubt.用 直边检查压板的平面度。查看有无过热、裂缝、深槽和起棱的迹象。隔膜弹簧指的

10、内端不 应存在任何不均匀磨损的迹象。如有疑问，用新压盘替换旧压盘。UNIT 9 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONSTEXT C Notes of Automatic Transmission Repair/ Answer the following questions:1. What are checks that must be performed before removing the gearbox ?To be able to carry out safe diagnosis of faults in the automatic gearbox, it is necessa

11、ry to perform the following checks before removing the gearbox:Fluid level. An excessively high fluid level causes overhard gearshifts and possibly leaks. An excessively low fluid level results in an insufficient frictional connection and thus in slipping shifting points. Make sure that the correct

12、ATF oil grade is used for topping up! Fluid quality. Burnt-smelling fluid indicates that the multi-plate clutches and/or brake bands are worn. Check self-diagnosis with a tester. Retrace the upshift and downshift points as a function of selector-lever position, load and driving speed. Check the sele

13、ctor-lever setting. On older automatic gearboxes- check the throttle-cable adjustment. Check the hydraulic pressures. If necessary, check the fluid strainer in the shift valve housing for contamination. Check the stall speed. Follow the manufacturers instructions to the letter when carrying out this

14、 check. The gearbox is subject to the risk of damage, e.g. leaks, clutch wear, on account of very intensive fluid heating.2. How to tow a vehicle with automatic gearbox ?It is absolutely essential when towing vehicles with automatic gearboxes to follow the manufacturers instructions to the letter be

15、cause the fluid pump is not driven. There is therefore insufficient lubrication in the gearbox. The selector lever must be in the N position. In vehicles with electromagnetically actuated parking locks, the parking lock must be mechanically unlocked. Towing speed as a rule 50 km/h; towing distance 5

16、0 km.II. Translate the following terms into Chinese :1. ATF自动变速器液2. oil grade润滑油黏度级3. selector lever 选档杆4. multi-plate clutch 多片式离合器5. selector-lever interlock 选档杆联锁6. parking lock 驻车锁7. fluid level 液位8. fluid quality变速器液品质9. downshift point 降档点10. throttle-cable 节气门拉索11. hydraulic pressure 液压压力12.

17、fluid strainer变速器液滤网UNIT 10 BRAKING SYSTEMSTEXT C TOYOTA ABS Diagnosis and Troubleshooting/. Answer the following questions:1. How to clear the trouble codes stored in the ECU?A typical procedure is outlined below: Jump terminals Tc and El of the DLC2 or DLC1 and remove the short pin from DLC1. Turn

18、 ignition switch ON. Depress the brake pedal 8 or more times within 3 seconds. Check that the warning light shows the normal code. Remove the jumper wire and reinstall the short pin.2. What is the purpose of an ABS actuator checker?The ABS actuator checker statically checks the operation of the actu

19、ator which includes: the pump, solenoids, and relays.II. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:1. The ECU is placed in signal check mode differently based on model and year, so again it is important to have the appropriate repair manual available.将 ECU 进入不同的信号检查模式， 操作方法因型号和年款不同，因此有适当的维修手册再次

20、显得很重要。2. An operators manual is provided with the tester which describes the test functions and tool set-up.与试验仪一起提供的操作手册描述了测试功能和工具设置。3. The ABS actuator checker statically checks the operation of the actuator which includes: the pump, solenoids, and relays. ABS执行器检查仪可静态检查执行器的工作情况，包括： 泵、电磁阀和继电器。4. B

21、leeding the ABS hydraulic system does not differ from the bleeding procedure of a conventional brake system except for rear wheel ABS.除后轮制动 ABS 系统外，ABS 液压系统 与常规制动系统的排气程序不同。UNIT 11 SUSPENSION AND STEERING SYSTEMSTEXT C Wheel Alignment/ Answer the following questions:1. What is wheel alignment?Wheel a

22、lignment is the process of measuring and correcting the various angles formed by the front and rear wheels, spindles, and steering arms.2. What can improper alignment cause?Improper alignment can cause hard steering, pulling to one side, wandering, noise, and rapid tire wear.3. What are adjustable f

23、ront wheel settings on most modern vehicle?Front toe, caster and camber.4. Describe how to adjust caster and camberOn some vehicles, caster is adjusted by moving the lower strut rod in or out.One common way of changing the camber and caster is loosening the nuts holding the top of the strut tower an

24、d sliding the tower in or out. Another method uses an egg-shaped washer, sometimes called an eccentric, or eccentric cam, attached to the lower control arm.II. Translate the following terms into Chinese:1. front-wheel alignment 前轮定位2. caster主销后倾3. camber车轮外倾4. steering axis inclination 转向轴线内倾5. toe-

25、in 前束6toe-out.负前束7. toe-out on turns 转弯负前束8. thrust angle 推力角9. egg-shaped washer 蛋形垫圈10. alignment machine 车轮定位仪UNIT 12 BODY ELECTRICAL SYSTEMSTEXT C Electrical Troubleshooting/. Answer the following questions:1. Electrical problems usually stem from simple causes, What are they?Electrical problems

26、 usually stem from simple causes, such as loose or corroded connections, a blown fuse, a melted fusible link or a failed relay.2. Describe how to find an open circuit?When diagnosing for possible open circuits, it is often difficult to locate them by sight because oxidation or terminal misalignment

27、are hidden by the connectors. Merely wiggling a connector on a sensor or in the wiring harness may correct the open circuit condition. Remember this when an open circuit is indicated when troubleshooting a circuit. Intermittent problems may also be caused by oxidized or loose connections.3. Describe

28、 how to check the circuit continuity?A continuity check is done to determine if there are any breaks in a circuit - if it is passing electricity properly. With the circuit off (no power in the circuit), a self-powered continuity tester can be used to check the circuit. Connect the test leads to both

29、 ends of the circuit (or to the “power“ end and a good ground), and if the test light comes on the circuit is passing current properly. If the light doesn*t come on, there is a break somewhere in the circuit. The same procedure can be used to test a switch, by connecting the continuity tester to the

30、 switch terminals. With the switch turned on, the test light should come on.II. Translate the following terms into Chinese:1. continuity 连通性2. open circuit 断路3. short circuit 短路4. short to ground 搭铁5. jumper wire 跨接线6. test light 试灯7. voltmeter 电压表8. thermister热敏电阻UNIT 13 AUTOMOTIVE COMPUTERS ANDCOM

31、MUNICATION SYSTEMTEXT C On-Board Diagnostics (OBD)/ Answer the following questions :1. What are the shortcomings of first generation OBD systems?One of the major shortfalls of the first generation systems was the lack of standardization, in terminology or trouble code identification. Each manufactur

32、er was able to use its own specific terms when naming components and systems. It offered limited system monitoring of air-fuel ratios. There was minimal use of rationality checks on system function. The code retrieval method varied greatly from one manufacturer to another, with little consistency be

33、tween systems. Fault codes were often limited to current related failures of open and shorted circuits. A limited number of DTC were utilized, and each manufacturer had its own specific code for a failure with no commonality between manufacturers. In addition, the MIL would turn off once the system

34、fault corrected itself.2. The objectives of OBD II are three fold. What are they?First, reduce high emission levels that result from the failure of emission related components. Second, detect the failure when it occurs and notify the driver. Third, improve methods for diagnosis and repair of the mal

35、function, it is no longer necessary to learn new diagnostic systems developed by various manufacturers.3. What will be automatically determined and displayed by an OBD II -compliant scan tool? Communication protocol used Diagnostic data parameters Freeze-flame data captured when a DTC is set DTCs Ab

36、ility to clear DTCs, freeze frame data, and adaptive memory from PCM computer memory Results of oxygen sensor monitoring test Results of continuous and non-continuous monitors Status of OBD II readiness tests Special test supported by vehicleIL Translate the following paragraph into Chinese:A single

37、 generic diagnostic scan tool that meets SAE standard JI978 is able to access data and POXX codes on all OBD II -compliant vehicles. An OBD II -compliant scan tool automatically identifies all information necessary to communicate with the vehicle. The scan tool operator does not need to input inform

38、ation such as vehicle make, model, year, and powertrain information into the diagnostic tool.符合通用标准jl978的通用诊断仪能够访问所有符合OBD Hd的车辆上的数据和pOxx 代码。符合OBD II标准的故障诊断仪可自动识别与车辆通信所需的所有信息。故障诊断仪 操作员不需要将车辆品牌、车型、年份和动力传动系统信息等信息输入到诊断工具中。UNIT 14 ELECTRIC AND AUTONOMOUS VEHICLESTEXT C Toyota Prius Hybrid Drive System/ A

39、nswer the following questions:1. What are the main components of the Toyota hybrid system?The main components of the hybrid system are IC engine, motor generator 1 (MG1), motor generator 2 (MG2), planetary gear set, inverter, HV battery and HV ECU2. What are the functions of MG1?Motor generator 1 (M

40、G1) operates as the control element for the power splitting planetary gear set. It also supplies electrical power to drive motor generator 2 (MG2). MG1 effectively controls the continuously variable transmission function of the transaxle and operates as the engine starter.3. What are the functions o

41、f MG2?MG2 is used for motive force at low speeds and supplemental force at high speeds. It provides power assist to the engine output as needed and helps the vehicle achieve excellent dynamic performance. It also functions as a generator during regenerative braking.4. What is the difference between

42、the functions of inverter and boost converter?Current between MG1, MG2 and the HV battery is controlled by the inverter. The inverter converts high-voltage battery DC to AC power and it rectifies high-voltage AC from MG1 and MG2 to recharge the high-voltage battery.The boost converter boosts the nom

43、inal voltage of DC 201.6V that is output by the HV battery to the maximum voltage of DC 500V.On the *04 Prius and later, the THS-II generator outputs at nominal voltage of DC 201.6V. The converter is used to transform the voltage from DC 201.6V to DC 12V in order to recharge the auxiliary battery.11

44、. Briefly describe Toyota Prius hybrid control modesStarting OutWhen starting out under light load and light throttle only MG2 turns to provide power. The engine does not run and the vehicle runs on electric power only. MG1 rotates backwards and just idles; it does not generate electricity.Normal Dr

45、ivingAbove approximately 14 mph during normal low-speed driving the engine runs and provides power. MG2 turns and runs as a motor and provides an electric assist. MG1 is turned in the same direction by the engine as a generator and provides electricity for MG2.Deceleration and BrakingAs soon as the

46、accelerator pedal is released by the driver MG2 becomes a generator. MG2 is turned by the drive wheels and generates electricity to recharge the HV battery. This process is called regenerative braking. As the vehicle decelerates, the engine stops running and MG1 turns backwards to maintain the gear

47、ratio.When the brake pedal is depressed most of the initial braking force comes from regenerative braking and the force required to turn MG2 as a generator. The hydraulic brakes provide more stopping power as the vehicle slows.ReverseWhen the vehicle moves in reverse, MG2 turns in reverse as an elec

48、tric motor. The engine does not run. MG1 turns in the forward direction and just idles; it does not generate electricity.UNIT 15 New Battery Electric VehiclesUNIT 15 TEXT C Principle of Optimum Configuration SelectionI .Answer the following questions:1. What is the basic approach of optimum configuration selection?It is obtaining the basic parameters and basic performance indexes of the vehicle, preliminarily selecting several commonly-applied configurations for further optimum selection according to the