考研英语词汇：Lesson11笔记.docx

《考研英语词汇：Lesson11笔记.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语词汇：Lesson11笔记.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、LessonllAccelerate=speed up 力口速speed up 好坏者B有 quicker/moreAccelerationBetter=improveWorse=destroyed=weaken例句：supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of lifeimagine=envisagevisionimage图像形象=印象imagine 想象区向：Its hard to imagine that many people are dumb=stupid enough to want chi

2、ldren just because Reese and Angelina make it look soglamorous 光军的imagination 想象力imaginative有想象力的envisage en+ vis+ age 展望面又寸 想象例句:explore 开发,探索 the many possibilities we can envisageenvision 想象 预见 展望例句:Thats because Congress has always envisioned=expect joint 联 合的 federal-state immigration enforceme

3、nt 执法will be decorated withwill be decorated withHamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, theBanquo Banqueting Room, and so forth （小并歹I，阅读中的无效信息），and will be very expensive.orn-表示装饰的词根ornate华丽的ornament 装饰物 ornamentationadorn 装饰adornment装饰品例句：The fashion industry knows （that） it has an inherent proble

4、m in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types.2. liberal/illiberalLegal illegalliberal自由的，开朗的, 自由主义者liberal arts人文艺术（偏重文科教学）liberal arts education 文学liberty自由,解放liberalism自由主义illiberal吝啬的，小心眼的（重利的）例句:The AAAS displays great enthusiasm = passion 热情 for liberaleducation文科教育彳列句：Although

5、more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a10non-specialist liberal-arts degree 文科学位 before embarking on aprofessional qualification形近词literal照字面的literacy有文化，识字literature 文学例句：His concern is mainly with the humanities 人文科学：lit

6、erature, languages, philosophy and so on.3. Abstract 抽象的/abstractionAdj.抽象的n.摘要v.提取ab- abs-离去或者语气加强tract-作为词根有拉出tractor拖拉机extract就是提取，剥离attract 吸弓| 拉出来,SiSSe=appeal=seducedistract拉开，分心contract co con 一起，把两个人拉到一起,签合同常考意思就是抽象的11an abstract idea=concept 概念Elegant高雅的 日egancy 高雅例句:People are absorbed int

7、o “a culture of consumption launched by the 19th-century department stores （后置定语）that offered ”vast arrays=a lot of goods in an elegant 高雅的 atmosphere/7 Elevate 提升日evator电梯Elevating 高雅的二elegant例句：Immigrants are quickly fitting into 融入 this common 群众 culture, which may not be altogether elevating but

8、 is hardly poisonous=harmful.医疗健康类词汇unhealthy/healthhealth 健康=well-beinghealthy健康的例句：pose no threat to his safety or well-beingunhealthydiagnosis12名词诊断Diagnostic诊断的，判断的Reduce二change from A to B例句:Now a pink slip 失业,a bad diagnosis , or a disappearing spouse 酉己彳禺 can reduce a family from solidly mid-

9、class to newly poo r in a few months.1. medicine（medical）medical treatment 药物治疗medicine 药物（相对更加广泛,处方,）medication药物 药物治疗（多指医生开的处方药）Med/mid表示中间的，调节的mediate调停调节斡旋mediate a meeting between A and Bmedium中间的,中等的，媒介例句:That would probably be more than enough 绰绰有余的 for any medium-sized city even in the hotte

10、st summertreatment13treat招待，款待it s my treat我请客treat him well好好招呼他treatment 治疗under treatment （处于治疗中）和under-treatment （处理缺乏，不到位）Under development 处于开展中Under-development 欠兴旺的例句：she is under treatment她处于治疗中例句:It identifies 辨明 the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive过度的 use of Ineffectual and forc

11、ed medical procedures that mayas the twinprolong and even dishonor the period of dying 定从problems of end-of-life care 临终关怀.2. Epidemic 流彳亍病/cancer/diabetes/obesityheart attack 心脏病cold catch a coldflu流感 bird flu禽流感euthanasia 安乐死obesity = overweightdiabetes 糖尿病 diabetic 糖尿病患者 diabeticsepidemic流行病流行的例句

12、：Now mpia 乌托邦 has grown unfashionable, as=because have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing usz14from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change.3. Nutrition 营养Mal-nutrition 营养不划under-nutrition 营养不良PracticeMal-practice违规操作例句:At the start of the 20th century, under-n

13、utrition and childhood infections 感染 got in the way.4. Gene/genetic/genome/generate/generationGene 基因Genetic遗传的Generation 一代人产生Generate 产生15正面社会现象类Independence 独立性depend on 依赖 rely on base ondependent依赖的dependency 依赖性Dependenceindependent例句：Q The White House claims that its power 权利 of enforcement 执

14、法8 is dependent on the states support （用常识可以判断错误的 选项）distinctiondistinct清楚的,明了的，清楚的（偶尔表示有差异的）distinctive有差另的（different from others ）,有特色的distinction 区另!荣誉=honor例 句 :No clear-cut=obvious distinction can be drawn betweenprofessionals 专家 and amateurs 业余爱好者 in sciencedistinguish分辨（考试中常出现）distinguish A f

15、rom B 把 A 和 B 区分开distinguish oneself as ooo 因而有名气 be famous forCritical thinking/mind 批判性思维例句:One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts 事实 and opinions 看法/facts from opinionsextinct extinguish extinction 灭绝（物种-环保相关素材）Eliminate 消灭 elimination例句:The campaign

16、 to eliminate alphabetisr still has a long way to go go extinct=die outextinguish 熄灭例句：If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed 未告知的 citizenry 公民权 will extinguish the precious embers 灰烬,余晖 of medical progress.AlexInformed citizenry 公民知情权Ross, a classical-music critic,

17、 has described him as a man who iscapable of=able to turning the Philharmonic 爰乐乐团 into a markedly 显著地 different, more vibrant 有舌力的 organization 乐队.4. remark(remarkable)markRemark=review 话语评论Remarkable二marked显著的,非凡的(值得关注的)consider 考虑/considerable 大量的it is remarkable that.例句：Owing to 归因于/因为 the remar

18、kable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas人文科技类词汇科学科技类词汇hypothesis/theoryhypo-作为词根,向下的 有时候偏负面（hypocrisy虚伪）thesis是理论的意思，而理论的下面就应该是一个假设（没有被印证，还是假想阶段）under the hypothesis of= under the precondition of 在.前提之下thesis （可以

19、指论文的意思）和theory基本上可以通用彳列句:In the internet age, at least in theory, this fraction = part can be much reduced.（中文翻译是理论上说）science/technology 科技（AI-data protection ）这个基本上不用多说，都知道ScientificScientistHigh-tech industryTechnician技工（高级）科幻片 science& fiction movieAcademic 学术的/practical 实用的 knowledgeacademy学院（学术

20、机构）school学院同义词 faculty institution schoolAcademic学术的和practical有明显区别彳列 句 ：Traditional tests best assess 评 估 analytical and verbal skills（academic knowledge） but faj| t0 measure creativity and practical knowledge , components 零件/元素（同位语）also critical to problemsolving and life success.（后置定语）profession

21、职业二elite 精英 反 amateurprofessor 教授professional专业的 amateur业余爱好者Profession =occupation 职业（career 职业生涯/job/work 工作（量）/occupation ）Find a job first, then choose your career.先就业，再择业compete/competitive 有竞争力的/competitioncompete 竞争 + withcompetitor竞争者=rival （有敌意的,hostile有敌意的）例句：For the time, attention, and m

22、oney of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded 唱片 performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.1. EducationalEducation educatorEducational有教育意义的novel/nov

23、eltyNovel = new小说，新颖的novelist小说家 fiction （小说，更多偏向科幻类）novelty新颖，新奇的事物novel application 仓新应用例句：Sometimes years are required for truly novel discovery claims to be accepted and appreciated.2. machine/mechanical 机械的machinery不可数，是机器的总称machine 可数 device 机械mechanical 机械的mechanic技工，机修工Mechanism=system 机制（常考

24、词）例句：An important factor in a market-oriented economy js the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers.3. automate/automaticauto 汽车automatic 自动的,自动化 robot roboticMid-classlO.Empirical中性词（experimental）empire 帝王,帝国empirical经验主义的，凭经验的，依据观察的11. paradox矛盾例句:Two pa

25、radoxes exist throughout this credibility process.取信过 程出版类常见词汇Reviewer审核员/评论家view review reviewer 评论家，评论员peer review 同业审查（discovery claim ）Peer pressure 朋辈压力例句:Researchers should improve their standards he wrote in 2012z but journals （学术）期刊 should also take a tougher line=standard, （by） engaging rev

26、iewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify=check （辨明真伪）the process.（方式状语）1. editor/editorial编辑主编journal/journalist 记者/journalism/journalistic记者Capitalism注意journalism新闻业，不是新闻主义例句:These men believed in journalism as a calling 使命，and were proud to be published in the daily press 新

27、闻,（日报）publish/publication出版，出版行业例句：Within the complex social structure of the scientific community 科学界,researchers make discoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process （方式状语）;other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes艺术类常见词汇1. decoration=ornamentdecorate 装饰例句：Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure3. Capacity（Opacity容量，能力例句:The sea admits hundreds of thousands of rivers for its capacity to hold海纳百川有容乃大Capable be capable of彳列句:Gilbert3 * * * 7 s own interest in new music has been widely noted