高中英语重点词汇详解.doc

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1、高中英语重点词汇详解1. In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _.答案 D. considered注释 considered 考虑; admit 成认; absorb 吸收。注意acknowledge 1) (=agree or admit the truth of; confess) 成认, 供认; A. He acknowledged his mistake. (他成认了他错误。) B. 接动名词 He acknowledged having been beaten

2、. (他成认被打败了。) 2) (express thanks for) 致谢; A. Mary acknowledged the gift with a pleasant letter. (玛丽致函感谢馈赠礼物。) B. His long service with the company was acknowledged with a present. (向他赠送礼品以感谢他长期来对公司效劳。)2. The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents _.A. command

3、 B. conviction C. consent D. compromise答案 C. consent注释 consent 同意, 赞成, 容许。conviction 深信, 确信。compromise 妥协, 折中。command 命令, 指令; 掌握, 运用能力。3. Our research has focused on a drug which is so _ as to be able to change brain chemistry.A. powerful B. influential C. monstrous D. vigorous答案 A. powerful注释 power

4、ful (=having or producing great power) 强有力。在这里四个形容词中, 只有powerful (有效力) 可与表示药物名词搭配。influential 有影响, 有势力, monstrous 异常大, vigorous 精力旺盛, 强健有力。4. The lost car of the Lees was found _ in the woods off the highway.A. vanished B. abandoned C. scattered D. rejected答案 B. abandoned注释 abandoned (=give up compl

5、etely) 放弃, 抛弃; 1) The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund. 2) The sailors abandoned the burning ship注意abandon 暗指某人对其所抛弃人或物将会发生什么事情不感兴趣, 如把撞坏汽车抛弃在路旁。vanish (=suddenly disappear; go out of existence) vi.消失, 绝迹; 1) The airplane vanished into the clouds.2) Many kinds of animals have vanish

6、ed form the earth. (许多种类动物以在地球上绝迹。) scatter (=send, go in different direction) 驱使, 使分散; The police scattered the crowed. (警察驱散人群。) (=throw or put in various directions) 撒, 到处放; He scattered his clothes all over the room. reject (=refuse to accept) 拒绝承受; She rejected my suggestion5. Henrys news repor

7、t covering the conference was so _ that nothing had been omitted.答案 C. comprehensive.注释 comprehensive 完全无所不包; comprehensible 能懂, 可以理解; understandable 可以理解, 主要用来指人行为。understanding 用来指人时, 表示善于理解别人或别人问题 (人) 。注意下面搭配：a comprehensive map (街区详图) ; a comprehensible remark (听得懂话) ,an understandable mistake (

8、可以理解错误) ; an understanding friend (一位能理解人朋友) 。6. She was afraid that unless the train speeded up she would lose her _ to Scotland.A. ticket B. place C. seat D. connection答案 D. connection注释 lose ones connection to 误了到.地方去 (汽车、火车、轮船) 联运; The train was late and I missed my connection.7. The ship was _

9、in a storm off Jamaica.A. drowned B. sunk C. wrecked D. submitted答案 C. wrecked注释 wreck vt. 撞坏, 毁坏; 1) My son wrecked my car. 2) My car was completely wrecked in the accident. sink vt. 下沉, 漂浮, 该动词也可作及物动词用, 意为“使下沉, 但按此题句意看, 用被动语态不妥。 drown 溺死, 淹死： (vt.) He drowned his wife. (vi) He drowned in the river

10、. (他在河里淹死了。) submit 1) (=put oneself under the control of another) 提交, 呈送 (to) ： Should a wife submit herself to her husband (妻子应顺从他丈夫吗？) 2) (=put forward for option, discussion, decision ect.) 提出 (供评论、讨论决定等) You must submit your request to the committee. 3) (=surrender (to) , give in) 屈服,投降：After b

11、eing defeated, they submitted to the enemy. (打败后, 他们向敌人投降了。)8. No one has _ been able to trace the author of the poem.A. still B. yet C. already D. just答案 B. yet注释 yet 常用于现在完成时否认句中, 意为“尚, 还。9. More than one-third of the Chinese in the United States live in California, _ in San Francisco.A. previousl

12、y B. predominantly C practically D. permanently答案 B. predominantly.注释 predominantly (=mostly; mainly) 主要地。 previously (=coming earlier in time or order) 先前, 早先; This is better than any solution previously. (这个方法比以前提出任何解决方法都好。) practically (=really; in a practical way) 实际上。permanently (=going on for

13、a long time) 永久地。此题译文：在美国, 华人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亚洲, 其中主要是在旧金山。10. The new secretary has written a remarkably _ report only in a few pages but with all the details.A. concise B. clear C. precise D. elaborate答案 A. concise.注释 concise (=brief; giving much information in few words) 简明扼要：He gave a concise repor

14、t of the meeting. (他对会议作了简明扼要报道。) clear 清楚。precise (=exact; correctly stated; free form error) 准确, 明白无误; Please tell me the precise measurements. (请告诉我准确尺寸。) elaborate (=worked out with much care; carefully prepared) 精心制作, 丰富：Peter worked out an elaborate scheme for raising the money. (彼得制定了一项详尽得方案来

15、筹集着笔款项。) 孤立地看, 似乎4个形容词均能修饰report, 但从句子逻辑关系看, 后半句中有only in a few pages but with all the details, 故concise 是最贴切选择了。11. The managing director took the _ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.A. guilt B. charge C. blame D. accusatio答案 C. blame.注释take the blame for 对.承当责任。Take charge of

16、负责管理 (照顾) 。注意charge 前无冠词the.12. The worker agreed to _ the strike if the company would satisfy their demands.A. call for B. call forth C. call off D. call up答案 C. call off 注释 详见III,25,26注释。13. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldnt _ what color it was.A. look out B. make out C. get ac

17、ross D. take after答案 B. make out 注释 详见III,123注释。14. He has impressed his employers considerably and _ he is soon to be promoted.A. eventually B. yet C. finally D. accordingly答案 D. accordingly.注释accordingly (=for that reason, therefore) 因此, 所以。15. It was a great _ for him to be pleasant to people he

18、didnt like.A. attempt B. trouble C. power D. effort答案 D. effort.注释 effort (作可数名词用) (=vigorous attempt) 努力尝试：Does it require a great effort of will to give up smoking (戒烟需要坚强毅力吗？)16. The firemen managed to _ the fire in time.A. extinguish B. prevent C. suppress D. ruin答案 A. extinguish.注释 extinguish (

19、=put out) vt. 扑灭 (火焰等) 。Stop the fire虽然也可以搭配, 但按本句题意用extinguish为最正确。17. What is most obvious in this book are all those details of daily living which make Mrs. Richard _ common.A. nothing but B. anything but C. above all D.rather than答案 B. anything but.注释 anything but (=far from being) 根本不; The boys

20、 knew they bad broken the rules, and they were anything but happy when they were called to the office. (=They were unhappy and afraid.) nothing but 只不过; Dont have him for a friend; hes nothing but a criminal. (不要把他当朋友, 他只不过是个罪犯。) I have nothing but two dollars. (我只有2美元。) above all最重要。rather than 而不是

21、18. The car was completely _ and the driver seriously injured.A. broken off B. taken off C. written off D. picked up答案 C. written off.注释 write off报废, 参看III, 200.注释; break off参看III.13.注释; take off参看III.170.注释; pick up参看III.130,129.注释。19. On this happy occasion, Id like to say that we are _ much oblig

22、ed to you for your kind cooperation.A. even so B. ever so C. as yet D. so far答案 B. ever so.注释ever so (=very) 非常; Its ever so cold.与名词搭配时那么用ever such, 如：Shes ever such a nice girl. (她是一位非常好姑娘。) even so (=although that is true, nevertheless; still) 即使如此：The fire was out, but even so, the smell of smok

23、e was strong. (=The fire was out, but the smell was still there.)20. His new appointment takes _ from the beginning of next month.A. place B. effect C. post D. office、答案 B. effect. 注释take effect 生效。21. The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and _ him of speeding.A. charged B. accused C.

24、blamed D. deprived答案 B. accused.注释accuse sb. of. 控告某人犯有., warn sb. of警告、告戒某人有.deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某事。charge sb. with murder (指控某人犯有杀人罪) 。22. Mr. Smith gradually _ a knowledge of the subject.A. attained B. achieved C. required D. acquired答案 D. acquired.注释acquired (=gain for oneself by skill or abi

25、lity, by ones own efforts or behavior) (由技术、能力、努力或行为) 获得; 得到：He has acquired a good command of English language. (他已精通英语。) achieve, vt. 取得 (胜利、成功等) , 实现 (目标、目等) 。 attain, vt. 到达 (目等) , 取得 (成就等) ：1) I hope you will attain your object. (我希望你会到达你目。) 2) He attained success through hard work. 23. This is

26、 the _ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.A. actual B. genuine C. real D. original答案 A. actual 注释此题中actual (=existing in fact, not imaginary) 实际使用过。actual, read, genuine是同义词, 有时可以互换, 如：an actual (or real) event in history, (历史上真实事件) , real (or genuine) banknotes (真钞票), 其反

27、义词是false (假) ; original (原来) , 其反义词是duplicate (复制) 。从不同角度看, 似乎任何一个选择都说得过去, 但按照题意选A. actual 最正确, 因为题中强调不是钢琴真假, 而是指作曲家“实际使用过。此题译文：这是作曲家创作他一些出色作品时实际使用过那台钢琴。24. My camera can be _ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.A. treated B. adopted C. adjusted D. remedied答案 C. adjusted.注释adjust (=arrang

28、e, put in order or agreement; make suitable or convenient for use) 强调, 调节, 使适应; The body adjusts itself to change of temperature. (身体能自行调节以适应温度变化。) My eyes have not been adjusted to dark yet. (我眼睛还没有适应黑暗。) 本句中adjust是不及物动词。I must adjust my watch. Its slow. (我必须调一下我表。它走得慢了。)25. According to the psycho

29、analyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _ of maturity.A. fulfillmentB. achievement C. establishmentD. accomplishment答案 B. achievement注释achievement (=something successfully finished or gained especially through skill and hard work) 取得, 到达, 成就。例如：achievement age智力成熟年龄。fulfilment (=the act of fulf

30、illing or condition of being fulfilled) 履行, 实行。如：He was willing to face any hardship in fulfilment of his duties. (他愿意迎向困难去履行他得职责。) establishment 建立,建立。Accomplishment (顺利) 完成：It was a great accomplishment to finish the house cleaning in two days. (两天内清扫完这栋屋子是件很了不起事。)26. The number of tickets _ will

31、be determined by the size of the stadium.A. adaptable B. acceptable C. advisable D. available答案 D. available.注释 available. (=capable of being used; that may be obtained) 可用, 有效, 可得到。例如：1) There are no doctors available in the remote areas. (在遥远地区没有大夫。) 2) There tickets are available for on month. (这

32、些票有效期一个月。)acceptable 可以承受：None of the suggestions was acceptable. advisable 明智, 可取, 适当：I think it advisable that he be assigned to the job. (我认为指派他干这项工作是可取。) adaptable 能适应：He is an adaptable man and will soon learn the new work.27. Too many hotels have been built and this has _ prices, making holida

33、ys cheaper.A. cut short B. cut out C. cut off D. cut down答案 D. cut down.注释 cut down 参阅III,38注释。28. He is a very honest official and never _ any gifts from the people who sought his help.A. accepted B. received C. took up D. excepted答案 A. accepted注释 receive 收到, 接到, 指“收, 接这一动作; 而accept 是经过考虑“承受下来, 表示当

34、事人态度, 如：I received the present, but I did not accept it. (我收到了这件礼物, 但我没有承受。)29. He was not _ to the club because he wasnt a member.A. allowed B. admitted C. permitted D. approved答案 B. admitted.注释 admit sb. to (=allow sb. or sth. to enter; let in) 允许某人某物进入; 让.进入：1) Children are not admitted. (儿童免进。)

35、Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school the school every year. (这所学校每年只收100名男生。) admit (=acknowledge; confess) 成认, 供认：1) We have to admit that he is a highly competent man. (我们不得不成认他是一位能力很强人。) 2) The thief admitted his crime. 3) She admitted having read the letter, 4) I admit breaking the w

36、indow. 注意admit后可接动名词一般式或完成式。5) We must admit the task to be difficult。注意admit也可以接复合构造。allow和permit后均可接sb. to do sth., 故不合此题题意。approve sth. 批准; approve of doing sth. (=think well of) 赞成, 赞许：1) I am afraid they wont approve of your going there. (恐怕他们不会赞成你去那里。) 2) I dont approve of your way of looking

37、at things. (我不赞同你对待事情方法。)30. Although he doesnt like that law, he will _ with it.A. confine B. conform C. comply D. contend答案 C. comply 注释 comply with 遵守。41. The Department is also deeply _ in various improvement schemes.A. connected B. included C. involved D. implied 答案 C. involved.注释be involved in

38、 参与。Be included in 包括在.中。42. Keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves _ know where to look.A. virtually B. variously C. unavoidably D. invariably答案 D. invariably.注释invariably 总是, 不变地。Virtually 事实上, 实际上。unavoidably不可防止地。43. The boy had a _ escape when he ran across the road in front

39、 of the bus.A. close B. short C. narrow D. fine答案 C. narrow. 注释have a narrow escape 幸免遇难。44. Do you mind if I _ with my work while you are getting tea ready.A. get through B. turn to C. carry on D. come on答案 C. carry on. 注释carry on 继续, 参看,28。45. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning

40、_ traffic jam.A. in line with B. in case of C. for the sake of D. at the risk of答案 B. in case of.注释 in case of 参看,94注释。In line with (=in agreement with) 与.一致, 符合：His actions were not in line with his belief.本句中in line with.作表语。In line with history and social evolution socialism is inevitable.本句中in l

41、ine with引导地短语作状语, 意为“按照。For the sake of 为了.起见。At the sake of冒.风险。46. The finance minister has not been so _ since he raised taxes to such a high level.A. popular B. well-known C. favorable D. preferable答案 A. popular.注释popular 此处意为“ (=liked and admired) 受爱戴, 有名声或声望。47. It is wrong for someone in such a high _ in the government to behave too badly in public.A. situation B. position C. employment D. profession答案 B. position.注