人教版(新教材)高中英语选修3Unit5 Poems优质学案：Learning About Language.docx

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1、Learning About LanguageLearning Aims（学习目标）1. Build up your vocabulary and learn the following language points: sympathetic, correspondence, the+序数词+ .+ to do sth.（重点难点）Discover useful structures-Review of relative clauses.（重点难点）目标一核心考点讲练互动El In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympatilStic unders

2、tanding of children? s feelings.（教 材 P53）sympathetic qh.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的（l）be sympathetic to/towards赘同某事；同情某人sympathy n.同情；赘成have （no） sympathy for sb.（不）同情某人in sympathy with赞同/支持with sympathy = sympathetically ado.同情地K佳句赏读H感悟句意背诵Jack was sympathetic to/had sympathy for poor Bernard, and hence, he reso

3、lved to make popcorn to help Bernard out of difficulty.Meanwhile, Jack s mother was in sympathy with his brilliant idea.（2020新高考全国I ,读后续写）He uttered with sympathy/sympathetically, “It is normal for us to experience adversity in our life and we must insist on our dream until we achieve it. ”I support

4、 taking part in more after-class activities in our spare time.I am sympathetic to taking part in more after-class activities in our spare time.I am in sympathy with taking part in more after-class activities in our spare time.Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal

5、correspondence/*P53）correspondence n.来往信件；通信联系(l)in correspondence with 与有通信联系； 与一致(2)correspond况.相一致；符合；相当于；通信correspond with sb.与某人通信correspond to相当于;类似于correspond with/to 与一致； 符合K佳句赏读U感悟句意背诵Only when what you do is in correspondence with what you say can you get along well with others.= Only when

6、 what you do corresponds with what you say can you get along well with others.My pen-pal s hobbies correspond to mine, and hence, we often correspond with each other to exchange ideas on literary works.R一词多义 写出以下句子中correspond的汉语意思My brother frequently corresponds with literary amateurs, who prefer d

7、rama and prose.通信Your complicated account does not correspond with hers.相符合； 相致 Much to my surprise, my style of creating folk songs corresponds to Tom, s.类似t于； 相当于Tagore was thfefistAsiaiLiojYinJbfeNsbeLEikgJiLLitgi琪更攵.（教材 P53）111 + 序数词 + . + 1：0 do sth.句中不定式短语 to win the Nobel Prize in Literature

8、作后置定语，修饰 the first Asiano英语中常用不定式作后置定语的情况：(1)被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；(2)抽象名词 way, chance, ability, courage, opportunity, wish 等后常用不定式作定语;(3)被修饰词前有the only, the very, the next等词对其进行修饰时。K佳句赏读感悟句意背诵I am the first student to study abroad in my school and I thoroughly have the ability to speak flu

9、ent English.So I am greatly convinced that I am qualified for the job as your teaching assistant.You are the only person in our class to win the first prize in the Poetry Recitation Contest held in the lecture hall last Monday.K完成句子U如果您能考虑我的申请，我将珍惜这次成为一名志愿者的珍贵的机会。If you could take my application int

10、o consideration, I would cherish the precious opportunity to be a volunteer.在我看来，你是最有可能被北京大学录取的学生。In my opinion, you are the most likely student to be admitted to Peking University.目标二语法结构悟通研透Activity 1读句感悟阅读以下句子，认真感悟加黑局部，并完成方框下的小题。(1 )There are various reasons why people compose poetry.(2)Some of t

11、he first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes.(3)One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem” , which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme.(4)List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a

12、 pattern and a rhythm to the poem.(5)Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines.(6)Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables.(7)The haiku poem on the right is a translation from Japanese, which shows a moment in t

13、he life of a delicate butterfly.1 .在上述句子中，句(1)、(2)、(4),句(5)的第一处加黑局部和句(6)是限制性定语从句;句(3) 的加黑局部和句(5)的第二处加黑局部是韭限制性定语从句。2 .句(2)中省略了定语从句的关系词。3 .句中是关系副词引导定语从句;句(3)、(4)、(5)、(6)、(7)都是关系代词引导定语从句。Activity 2语法精析在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名 词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和 从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句

14、子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词 两种，关系代词有 that, which, who, whom, whose 等；关系副词有 when, where, why。 一关系代词的用法who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略；which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略；that指人时，相当于who或whom； 指物时，相当于which；在定语从句中that作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略；whose通常指人, 也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。The person that/who tricked me was one of my classma

15、tes.骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。The old man (that/whom) the girl had tricked was my grandfather.女孩欺骗的那位老人是我的爷爷。The gold medal (that/which) she won has been given to her old school.她曾经赢得的那块金牌已经被她送给母校了。The woman (that/whom) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.我在报纸上读到的那位女士刚刚赢得了一枚金牌。This is the pe

16、rson whose story surprised everybody.就是这个人的故事让所有人吃了一惊。K温馨提示I.宜用that不宜用which的情况(1)领先行词是 all, little, much, something, anything, everything, nothing, some 等不定代 词时。All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做完了。(2)领先行词被 all, every, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the right, the last, just等

17、修饰时。Music is the only thing that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。领先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。(4)领先行词中既有人又有物时。She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。1 .宜用which不宜用that的情

18、况关系代词前有介词时。The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.我过去住的房子现在变成了一家鞋店。在非限制性定语从句中。Have you ever read the book, which was written by a young girl?你曾读过这本由一个年轻女孩写的书吗？2 .宜用who不宜用that的情况(1)领先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：one, ones, anyone等。Anyone who does that must be mad.谁那样做一定是疯了。(2)领先行词是人称代词I, you, he,

19、they等时(常用于谚语中)。He who doesn t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。(3)领先行词为指人的those时工Those who have good manners will be highly respected.那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的高度尊重。(4)在there be结构中，先行词指人时。There is a young man who wants to see you.有一个年轻人想见你。3 . whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替The classroom whose door is broken ca

20、n hold 40 students.=The classroom the door of which is broken can hold 40 students.=The classroom of which the door is broken can hold 40 students.那间被弄坏了门的教室能容纳40个学生。二、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的指代及功能关系副词先行词功能when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语whyreason原因状语I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.我

21、仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。r d like to live in the house where there is plenty of sunshine.我喜欢住在那个阳光充足的房子里。Can you tell me the reason why you didn t come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？K温馨提示U假设先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词；假设先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，那么应 用关系代词。试比拟：Do you remember the days when we chatted with each othe

22、r all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语）Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？ （that或which作spent的宾语）I don t know the reason why he didn t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。（why作原因状语）I won t listen to the reason that/which

23、 you have given us.我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。（定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that,不用why）三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。 如果指“人”，用“介词+whom” ；如果指“物”，用“介词+which” ；关系代词有时也 用whose（作定语）。选用介词的依据：1 .根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯（即固定短语）。Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而知

24、名。（be famous for因而知名）.根据先行词的搭配习惯（约定俗成，不一定是短语）。This is the camera with which he often takes photos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。（with camera用照相机）The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about the accident.金先生所工作的公司的老板听说了这起事故。（in the boss company）.根据句子的意思来选择。The colorless gas without which we cannot live is ca

25、lled oxygen.这种无色的、没有它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。2 .表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一局部”时，通常用介词。f。I have about 10 books, half of which were written by Mo Yan.我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。K温馨提示I在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after, look for等不能把介 词移至which或whom之前。The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.（IE）The babies afte

26、r whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.（误） 四、非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句作些附加说明，如 果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从 句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语 从句外，其他都可以。He is English, which I know from his accent.他是英国人，我通过他的口音知道这一点。I heard a terrible noise, which brought my

27、 heart into my mouth.我听到了一个可怕的声音，这使我非常害怕。K温馨提示U关系代词as和which的区别as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句或主句中的一局部内容，先行 词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语；as和which都不可省略，有时两者可以互换。He married her, as/which was natural.他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。以下情况通常只用as而不用which：当定语从句置于主句前面时，用as不用whichoAs you see, the Chinese people are hard-working.（定语从句在句首）你知

28、道，中国人民是勤劳的。注意下面句子的多种表达方法：众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一圈。As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.The moon travels round the earth once every month, as/which is known to everybody.a It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.What is known to ev

29、erybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.式后两句属名词性从句范畴）五、使用定语从句的考前须知1 .关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。Those who are over 45 won t be permitted into the hall.超过45岁的人不允许进入大厅。K温馨提示Uone of+复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；the only one of+复数名词”作先 行词，谓语动词用单数形式。This is one of the books whic

30、h were written by Charles Dickens.这是查尔斯狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。2 .被关系代词所代替的成分不可在从句中出现。This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.（visited 后不可加 it）这就是我们上星期天参观过的工厂。达标检测I .完成句子Then came a voice far from where we were, whic

31、h bathed us in extreme sorrow.接着从遥远的地方传来一个声音，这使我们沉浸在极度悲伤之中。1. Jane s sleepy eyes opened wide and her face wore a smile that/which brightened up the whole room.简睁开昏昏欲睡的双眼，她脸上挂着的微笑使整个房间变得明亮。2. I think the reason why you aru always angry may be the huge pressure of study. 我认为你总是生气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。3. We a

32、re living in an age when many hings can be done on computers. 我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑上做的时代。4. The house where he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down. 他十年前住过的那所房子已经被拆掉了。n.给以下短文中的定语从句填上适当的关系词Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn, t care.A few hours bef

33、ore, I d been at home in Hong Kong, 1.where I breathed its choking smog.Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.r d skipped nearby Guilin,2.which is a dream place for tourists 3.who/that seek the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4.that/which are pictured by artis

34、ts in so many Chinese paintings.Instead, V d headed straight for Yangshuo.For those 5.who fly to Guilin, it s only an hour away by car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo is really beautiful.A study of travelers 6.that/which was conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yan

35、gshuo as one of the top 10 destinations 7.that/which are famous in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people and their families 8.that/who are in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent9.which is a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people lO.who/that live in Shanghai and Hong Kong.