第01讲名词（练习版）-【暑假自学课】2022年新七年级英语暑假精品课（人教版）.docx

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1、第01讲名词高【学习目标】考点分布考点内容命题焦点1)名词的数2)名词所有格1)可数名词复数的规那么变化和不规那么变化2)复合名词的复数变化3)不可数名词的数量表不4)不同国籍的单复数变化5)名词所有格：一格和of格考查重点：名词的数和名词所有格 常考题型：选择题、填空题【基础知识】考点01名词的数i.名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词可以数的名词 如：apple dog student不可数名词数不清(没有复数) 如：water milk meat2.可数名词分为单数和复数。1)单数：a book, an apple2)复数的规那么变化：一般情况下在词尾加Sostudent-studen

2、ts, cap-caps, car-cars以s、x、ch sh、ss结尾，词尾加es。bus-buses, fox-foxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes, class-classes以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i加es。baby-babies city-cities以“f或fe”结尾，变f或者fe为v加es。knife-knives, wife-wives巧记方法:妻(wife)见小偷(thief)架(shelf)下藏,手拿小刀(knife)想杀狼(wolf)。谁知落下半片(half)叶(leaf),砸在头上一命(life)亡。以。结尾的名词，表示无生命的事物

3、加s,表示有生命的事物加es。无生命：radio-radios, zoo-zoos, photo-photos有生命：tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes3)复数的不规那么变化：改变中间元音。如：man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geese词尾加en或者reno如：ox-oxen, child-children单复数形式相同如：deer-deer, fish-fish, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese巧记方法:中国人(Chinese)和日本人(Japcmese)很保护绵羊

4、(sheep)、廊deer)和鱼(fish)4)复合名词的复数变化：以man或者woman为前缀的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都要变成复数形式。man teacher-men teachers, woman doctor-women doctors不以man或者woman为前缀的复合名词变复数时，只需把后面的名词变成复数形式。boy student-boy students, paper bag-paper bags5)不可数名词的数量变化：不可数名词不可以用个数来计算，需要表示数量时，要借助量词。a cup of tea-two cups of tea, a piece of bread-

5、two pieces of bread6)不同国籍的单复数变化：变化规那么国籍单数复数单复数一致中国人ChineseChinese日本人JapaneseJapanese瑞士人SwissSwiss词尾直接加S美国人AmericanAmericans澳大利亚人AustralianAustralians意大利人ItalianItalians德国人GermanGermans印度人IndianIndians加拿大人CanadianCanadians变a为e英国人EnglishmanEnglishmen法国人FrenchmanFrenchmen考点02名词所有格1）飞格：如果名词代表的事物是有生命的，那么

6、它的所有格形式就是在这个名词后加&Ifs the boys English book.这是那个男孩的英语书。名词飞所有格构成形式：一般单数名词，词尾加Mikes bike麦克的自行车the girfs mother这个女孩的母亲词尾不是s的复数名词，词尾加飞。the womens children女人的孩子们the peopled rights 人民的权利词尾是s的复数的名词，词尾加“the birds nest 小鸟的巢the students9 teacher 学生们的老师在表示店铺、教堂等或者某人的家时，所有格S后面可省略它所修饰的名词。the bakers 面包店the house a

7、gents 房产经纪公司the BilPs比尔家两个人分别拥有某物时，耍在每个人的名字后面加1,两个人共拥有某物时，旨在最后一 个人的名字后面加1。Lilys and Lucys dress莉莉的裙子和露西的裙子Lily and Lucy bedroom莉莉和露西的卧室（表示两人居住在同一间卧室）2）如果名词代表的事物事没有生命的，常用of组成的短语来表示它的所有格。The second class of Tuesday is English.周二第二节课是英语。The name of the movie is Avengers.电影的名字是复仇者联盟。附：名词单数变复数不规那么变化表（参考）

8、名词单数变复数不规那么变化、兀音发生变化（6个）汉语1footfutfeet脚2manmaenmenmen男人3mousemansmicemais老鼠4womanwumgnwomenwimin女人5goosegu：sgeesegi：s鹅6toothtu:0teethti：0牙二、词尾发生变化（8个）汉语1、childtfaildchildrenIdran孩子三、单数、复数形式不变（7个）汉语1deerdi。deerdi。鹿2fishfijlfishfijl鱼3sheepLfi：Plsheepin：p绵羊4peoplepi:polpeople人注：当people翻译为人时，单复数向，假设出现pe

9、oples时就应翻译为民族或 部落。例：two peoples两个民族（两个部落）5ChineseChineseUaini:z中国人；汉语6Japanese由 冲 5ni:zJapanese.djaepnirz日本人；日语7VietnameseVjetnamiizVietnamesevjetnSmkzn .越南人； adj .越南的、 越南人8swissswisswissswis瑞典人注：以ese结尾的表示国籍的名词，单数、复数一样；其它表示国籍的名词都按正常 规划变化四、只有复数的名词（8个）汉语1clotheskhudzclotheskhudz衣服2compassesfkompasizco

10、mpasseskomposiz圆规3glasses*gla:sizglassesgla:siz眼镜4pantspaentspantspaents裤子（内裤）5scissors*sizozscissors*sizoz剪子6trousers*trauzoztrouserstrauzoz裤子7spectacles*spektoklzspectaclesspekt0kIz老花镜8shortsgtsshorts短裤合成名词变成复数时、第一个或最后一个词变成复数（7个）汉语1girl friendgo:lfrendgirl friendsgo:lfrend(s) 女朋友2boy friendboy fri

11、ends男朋友3grown-upgrown-ups成年人4highwayhighways公路5passer-bypassers-by过路人6son-in-lawsons-in-law女婿7daughter-in-lawdaughters-in-law儿媳二、构成合成名词的两个词都要变为复数（8个）汉语1man doctormen doctors男医生2woman doctorwomen doctors女医生3man servantmen servants男仆人4woman servantwomen servants女仆人5man teachermen teachers男老师6woman tea

12、cherwomen teachers女老师7man drivermen drivers男司机8woman driverwomen drivers女司机届【考点剖析】考点1、名词的数1. There are a lot of beautiful lying on the street after the storm.A. iceB. leafC. leaves2. Im hungry. Td like to have some.A. noodleB. waterC. potatoD. bread考点2、名词的格1. This year, the family went camping on Da

13、y, June 1st.A. ChildB. ChildsC. ChildrenD. Childrens2. This is room.A. Kates and Lucys B. Kate and Lucy C. Kates and Lucy D. Kate and Lucys【真题演练】1. 一Hi, Mom. Where is my一Oh, it is in your room.A. schoolbagsB. a schoolbag2. The little girl over there is cousin.A. TomB. Toms3. . Look! There are many o

14、n the hill.A. monkeysB. horse4. -There are many about this farm.C. schoolbagC. the TomC. cow一Yes, lots of are planted on it.A. photo; potatoB. photos; potatosC. photos; potatoes D. photoes; potatoes5. . There are some in the basket.A. riceB. teaC. eggsD. flowerA. WomansB. WomensC. WomanD. Women6. If

15、 I leave my house at 9 oclock and drive to the airport, Til arrive at about 11. So its about twoa【过关检测】选择This is my, and these are his.A. dogs； dogs B. dog； dogC. dog； dogs D. dogs； dogTom and Tim have some and.A. tomatos; chicken B. tomatoes; chickens C. tomatoes; chicken D. tomatos; chickensAre th

16、ere any on the table?A. meatB. beefC. potatoesD. fruit When is?Its on September 10th.D. Teachers9 DayA. teachers day B. Teachers Day C. teachers9 dayToday is birthday.They 41 have a party this evening.A. Sally and JaneC. Sally and Jane9s6. My name is Sally.A. friendB. friendB. Sally9s and JaneD. Sal

17、lys and JanesC. friendsD. friends*7. . Here is a photo my family.A. forB. inC. ofD. atfather is a doctor in a hospital.C. Bettys and LilysD. Betty and LilyA. Betty and Lilys B. Bettys and Lilyjackets are on the sofa. One is yellow, and the other is black.A. Jack and LucysB. Jacks and LucysC. Jack an

18、d LucyThat tennis ball is one ofA. Jane father B. Jane father C. Jane father D. Janes fathers二、用所给单词的正确形式填空8. I can see some(knife) near the forks.9. I bought two(notebook) yesterday.10. My father likes to use those(knife) when he does the cooking.11. Today is March 8th. All the(woman) teachers are

19、very happy.12. . John always wears a pair of funny (glass).13. May 15th is(Lucy) birthday.14. My jacket is in my( parents) room.15. This is my(daughter) room. Its really nice.16. Some(tomato) are in the bag.17. Jennys sister has two big(eye).drive from my house to the airport.A. hoursB. hoursC. hour

20、s7. 一Is this your computer? No, its.A. Lisas and Lindas B. Lisa and Linda C. Lisa and Lindas D. Lisa* * 7 8 9 10s and Linda8. David talked with a friend of on the Internet for a long time yesterday.A. heB. hisC. himD. /9. Here is a photo my family.A. inB. underC. onD. of10. March 8th is Day. My mum often goes to see my grandmother on the day .