人教版(新教材)高中英语选修3Unit5 Poems学案1：Grammar.docx

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1、Unit 5 PoemsGrammarK语法初识原句感知自主探究I thought this vast wave of food was the total number of dishes to be served.Everyone else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down, continuing to chat.I still remember what I ate: a tuna fish and cheese sandwich.Do you know the girl singing o

2、ver there?He is always the first person to leave the office.One evening he was entertaining the ruler of a small island in the Pacific.However, there are other kinds of foods that have taken longer for me to accept.But one thing I do admire is the polite manner in which British people eat, even if i

3、t is just a potato.As we all know, Putin was elected President of Russia a third time.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.(1)句中 黑体局部在句中均 作定语。句中黑 体局部在句中均作 前置定语。句、 、中黑体局部在 句中均作后置定语。(2)句 中，黑体局部均为定 适从句;其中句 的黑体局部为非限 制性定语从句。K语法剖析1 .定义语法点一定语定语是用来修饰名词或代词的词。可用作定语的词有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、介 词短语、从句以及

4、非谓语动词等。(1)名词作定语修饰另一名词时，一般用单数形式；man和woman作定语时，可以用单 数和复数两种形式，但必须随所修饰的名词的数而定。He broke a coffee cup.他打碎了 一个咖啡杯。He said that two women teachers would come to our village next week.他说两个女老师下周要来我们村。(2)用作定语的代词为形容词性物主代词、of所有格和不定代词所有格。Her proposal is worth considering.她的建议值得考虑。My business is none of your busin

5、ess.我的事与你无关。(3)基数词和序数词都可用作定语。We belong to the Third World.我们属于第三世界。2 .位置定语的位置有两种：前置定语和后置定语。(1)形容词作定语时要置于其修饰的名词前，但表语形容词作后置定语；形容词修饰不 定代词时也要后置。All the people present were for the plan.在场的所有人都同意这项计划。There is something wrong with my watch.我的手表出毛病了。(2)有些时间和地点副词(如：above, here, there等)作后置定语。Put the book on

6、the shelf above.把这本书放在上面的架子上。(3)介词短语、非谓语动词和从句通常作后置定语。That is the teaching plan for you to discuss.那就是供你们讨论的那份教学计划。There is nothing that worries him.没有什么事使他烦恼。3.多个作定语的形容词的顺序当多个形容词作定语时，其大概位置关系如下：大小（形状、年龄）+颜色+来源+材料+用途+被修饰的词a pair of black Spanish leather boots一双黑色的西班牙皮靴some beautiful little red flowers

7、一些美丽的小红花the first beautiful little white Chinese wooden bridge第一座美丽的中国小白木桥语法点二定语从句分类限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句关系代词which, that （不引导非限制性定语从句）,who, whom, whose, as关系副词when, where, why （不引导非限定性定语从句）定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。1 .定语从句中关系词的用法关系词（起 连接作用J 在从句中 充当成分）关系词（起 连接作用J 在从句中 充当成分）指人that, who, whom, whose （定语） 指物

8、that, which, whose （定语） 指某一情况which, as 不能放于句音1放在句中或句首“正如”2 .关系副词 when, where, why （状语）K、可用“介词+which”替代He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天看见的那个人。Please pass me the book whose cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。The package which/that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包裹快散了。Can you stil

9、l remember that evening when we met for the first time?你还记得我们第一次见面的那个晚上吗？Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived?你能带我看看莎士比亚曾住过的那座房子吗?I dont know the reason why he didnt tell it to his father.我不明白为什么他没有把这件事告诉他父亲。K名师点津I(1)表示“方式”的名词way后的定语从句中如果关系词在从句中作方式状语，关系词用that或in which,也可省略关系词。I dont lik

10、e the way (that/in which) he talks to me.我不喜欢他和我说话的方式。(2)as引导限制性定语从句，指代人或物，在从句中作宾语或主语，通常用于以下结构: the same . as意为“同一样的，such . as意为“像这/那样的”;引导非限制性定语从 句，指代整句话，常译为正如”；从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。We do the same work as they (do).我们和他们干同样的活。Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国

11、制造的。2 .“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句(1)关系代词作介词的宾语，当介词置于定语从句句首时，关系代词只能用which(指物) 或whom(指人)。The pencil with which he was writing suddenly broke.他正在用来写字的铅笔突然断了。Look at the photo. This is Mr Green, in front of whom sit three students.看这张照片。这是格林先生，在他的前面坐着三个学生。Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?你还记得你加

12、入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？(2)“不定代词或数词+ of + which/whom”引导的定语从句可转化为“of + which/whom + 不定代词或数词”引导的定语从句。其中不定代词为：some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, most, part 等。There are 40 students in our class, most of whom( = of whom most) like English.我们班有40名学生，他们中的大多数喜欢英语。(3)“w

13、hose +名词”引导定语从句时，可转化为“the +名词+ of + which/whom”或“of+ which/whom+the+名词”。介词of表示所有关系。I live in a room whose windows are all broken.= I live in a room the windows of which (= of which the windows) are all broken.我住在一个窗户都坏了的房间里。(4厂某些介词+关系副词，也可引导定语从句。He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.他1988年毕业于北京大学。从那时起他在各方面都提高了。