名词性从句82696(3页).doc

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1、-名词性从句用法讲练一、概说 名词性从句，即指性质相当于名词的从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和_从句。二、名词性从句的引导词1. 连接词 that 只起连接作用，没有任何意思，也不充当句子成分，在动词后的第_ 个宾语从句中可省略。2. 连接词 whether 也不充当句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示“_”；引导动词后的宾语从句时，可换成 _。3. 连接代词 who(m), whose, which, what 等，均有各自的意义，在从句中作_、_、_、_等。4. 连接副词 when, where, why, how 等，也各自有自己的意义，在从句中作_。试一试：1) I hope _

2、you enjoy your holiday. 2) _ he likes you is very obvious. 3) He asked _ I would show him the way. 4) _ it will do us harm remains to be seen. 5) Thats _ she wanted to leave. 6) _ we arrive doesnt matter. 7) Tell me _ you like best among the gifts8) The question is _ we should carry out the plan. 9)

3、 _ shell be back depends much on the weather. 10) _ he did it will remain a puzzle forever. 三、名词性从句的重要引导词what1. 它引导的名词性从句有两个意思是：一是表示“_”，带有疑问意味；如：I dont know what you want. 二是表示“所的”，相当于一个先行词后接一个关系代词。如：I dont know what=_ you want is this. 分类总结：1.1. 表示“_”：Theyve done _ they can to help her. He saves _

4、he earns. _ Mary is is the secretary. 1.2. 表示“_”：He is no longer _ he was. He is _ is generally called a traitor(背叛者). Who is it that has made Fred _ he is now? 1.3. 表示“_”：Our income is now double _ it was ten years ago. The number of the students in our school is ten times _ it was before liberatio

5、n. 1.4. 表示“_”：After _ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for _ seemed like hours. 1.5. 表示“_”：This is _ they call Salt Lake City. In 1492, Columbus reached _ is now called America. 2. what 引导名词性从句时可用作限定词，其后修饰名词。表示：_ 如：I gave h

6、im what books I had. He gave me what money he had about him. 注：what 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词，但通常不能是单数可数名词，并且后接不可数名词时，有时可有little修饰，两者的区别是：what+不可数名词=所有的都，what little+不可数名词=虽少但全部。如：What friends she has are out of the country. We gave him what (little) help we could. 四：whatever, whoever, whichever引导名词性从句1. wh

7、atever引导的名词性从句Whatever的意思是“所的一切事或东西”，可视为what的强调说法，其含义大致相当于anything that，whatever在从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语：I will just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。She would tell him whatever news she got. 她得到的任何消息都会告诉他。2. whoever引导的名词性从句whoever的意思“任何的人”，在意义上大致相当于 anybody who。whoever在从句中可用作主语或宾语：Whoever breaks t

8、his law deserves a fine. 违反本法者应予以罚款。Ill give the ticket to whoever wants it. 请想要这票，我就把它给谁。(1) whoever既用作主格也用作宾语(作宾语时不宜用whomever，因为在现代英语中whomever已几乎不用)。(2) 注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子：误：Who wins can get a prize. / Anyone wins can get a prize. 正：Whoever wins can get a prize. / Anyone who wins can a prize. 谁赢了都可

9、以获奖。3. whatever与no matter whatIt is generally considered unwise to give a child _ her or she wants.A. whatever B. no matter what C. whenever D. no matter whenno matter what 只能引导状语从句，而不引导名词性从句。而 whatever 既可引导名词性从句(anything that)，也可引导状语从句(no matter what)：学习名词性从句的应注意的关键点1. 备考主语从句应注意以下三点一是从句作主语，主句谓语动词用第

10、三人称单数；二是主语从句通常用it作形式主语，尤其是在It is +名词 / 形容词 / 过去分词+that中，或在It seems / happens that中，或疑问句中。2. 备考宾语从句应注意以下四点一是介词后(excep和in除外)一般不跟that引导的宾语从句，但可接疑问词引导的宾语从句；二是在that引导的宾语从句后若还有补语时，要用it作形式宾语，而将that从句置于补语之后；三是当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等时，若宾语从句要表示否定意义，往往要通过否主句来实现，即所谓否定转移；四是虽然引导宾语从句的that

11、有时可以省略，但若宾语从句前有插入语或有间接宾语时，that不能省略；that在与之并列的另一个宾语从句之后或者在“形式宾语it+宾补”之后时也不能省略；that从句单独回答问题时，that也不能省略。3. 备考表语从句应注意以下三点一是除that, whether和疑问词外，as, as if, as though, because也可引导表语从句；二要注意“thats why+结果”以及“thats because+原因”的区别；三是注意the reason (why / for) is that句式。4. 备考同位语从句应注意以下三点一是同位语从句多在news, order, word

12、(=news / order), idea, hope, suggestion, information, plan, thought, doubt, fear, belief等抽象名词后，说明其具体内容；二是同位语从句与所说明的名词有时会被谓语所分开，做题时需注意； 名词性从句易错题集锦1. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out he atmosphere today. 2. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer stu

13、dents showed interest in her lessons.3. They lost their way in the forest, and _ made matters worse was that night began to fall.4. Patience is a kind of quality and that is _ it takes to do anything well.5. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is _ he cant enjoy while living in big cities.

14、6. - How about camping this weekend, just for a change? - OK, _ you want.7._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. 8. “When _ leave for Japan?” “When _ leave for Japan is kept secret.”A. they will, will they B. will they, they willC. they will, they will D. will they, will they9. “

15、Where _ go to work?” “Where _ go to work is not known.”A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall weC. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we10. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is11. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning sign

16、al to let other drivers know A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. which lane is he entering13. Dont you know, my dear friend, _ it is your money not you that she loves? 14. Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _ your girl-friend is a cheat.15. I think, though I could be mistake

17、n, _ she liked me.16. He told me the news, believe it or not, _ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.17. After _ had happened he could not continue to work there.18. He pointed to _ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.”19Have you finished the book？No. Ive read up to _ the children discover the secre

18、t cave.20I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.21. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season.22. _ she was invited to the ball made her very happy. 23. -What were you trying to prove to the police? -_ I was last night.24. Eat _ cake you like and leave

19、the others for _ comes in late. A. any, whoB. every, whoeverC. whichever, whoeverD. either, whoever25. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _ I got wet through. A. Its the reasonB. Thats whyC. Theres whyD. Thats because26. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access

20、to places like shops and restaurants.27. _ medicine works in a human body is a question _ not everyone can understand fully. 28. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.29. some people regard as a drawback is seen

21、 as a plus by many others.30. We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely.31. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew_ she was so angry.32. -I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sunday

22、s. -Thats_ I dont agree. You should have a more active life.33. -Its no use having ideas only . -Dont worry. Peter can show you _to turn an idea into an act.34It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 35. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely

23、on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. 36. As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here.37. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _had used the products.38. It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two

24、 thousand patients have taken it.39.（2011重庆卷）34. It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.40. (2011湖南卷)31. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. 41.【2012陕西】20. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free

25、 to choose _ suits you best.42. Id like to work with _ is honest and easy to get on with. (2006年山东模拟题)43.-Where did you get to know her? -It was on the farm we worked. 44. - Could you do me a favor? -It depends on _ it is. 45.I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which -第 3 页-