名词性从句练习(7页).doc

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1、- 2011-2012 高二英语名词性从句考点分析与练习名词性从句考查要点名词性从句是高考英语中非常重要的部分，它能使得英语的句子长度加长，内容丰富且句型多样。高中阶段的英语学习基本涉及了所有的名词性从句常用句法，因此高考也在各种题型中考查同学们对此项语法的掌握。同学们除了应具有基本的语法知识，如能分析句中的主、谓、宾等基本成份，更重要的应该培养一定的逻辑分析能力，能够正确判断出句与句之间的主、次关系及语意关联；能够分析得出主、从句（可以根据连接词的位置），通过对题意的正确理解判断使用何种连接词。同时注意句中的语序，时态及主谓一致问题。名词性从句解题基本原则： 判断从句是否缺成份， 若不缺的情

2、况下用that , 缺成份用what,表疑问用whether, 连接代词，连接副词看句意。考点1 主语从句引导主语从句的连接词主要：that，whether；what，who ,whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词有when，where，why，how等。例句：1.That the college will take in more new students this year is true今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。2.Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance他是否能按时完成

3、任务非常重要。3 .What we cant get seems better than what we already have我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。4.Who the letter was from is still unknown这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。5.How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is unclear针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。6.Why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。特别提示(1)if不能引导

4、主语从句。(2)形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：AIt+系动词+形容词+that从句。如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。BIt+系动词+名词+that从句。如：It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。CIt+be+ved形式+that从句。如：It is announced that the plan has been succ

5、essfully carried out据宣布计划已经顺利实施。考点2 宾语从句引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether，if等，连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，连接副词when，where，why，how等。宾语从句的考查主要如下：1宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。如：He asked me when we could set out the next day他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。Did you find out where she lost her car?你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?2宾语

6、从句的时态(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。如：She says(that)she works from Monday to Friday她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)she says(that)she will leave a message on his desk她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)She says(that)she has never been to Mount Emei她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)(2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去式时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。如：He sa

7、id there were no classes yesterday afternoon他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)He said that he was going to take care of the baby他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)He said that they were having a meeting at that time他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)3. 介词后的宾语从句。She is always thinking of what she can do for others她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。We are talk

8、ing about whether we admit students into our club我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。4.特别提示在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：(1)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。如：I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。I have made it a rule that

9、I keep diaries我每天写日记成了惯例。(2)hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to表示“注意，留意”后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。如：I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。When you start the engine，you must see to it that the car is in neutral启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。考点3、

10、表语从句常由连接词that，whether；连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，how，why引导。1连接词引导The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。The question remains whether they will be able to help us问题还是他们能否帮我们。2连接代词和连接副词引导The problem is who will take

11、 charge of this shop问题是谁将接管这家店铺。That is when I realized the importance of journalism那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。特别提示(1)as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。如：It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door听上去好像有人在敲门。At that time，it seemed as though I couldnt think of the right

12、word当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。(2)当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The reason whyis that。如：The reason why he came late was that he got up late他来得晚是因为起床晚了。考点4 同位语从句同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea，fact，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt，promise，suggestion，order等。1通常用连词that引导同位语从句，that无词

13、义，也不作句子成分，但不能省略。注意从句用陈述句语序。如：They expressed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again他们表示希望我们再去访问上海。I have no idea that she quit her present job我不知道她辞掉了现在的工作。Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening答应我，你今天晚上会来参加我们的聚会。2同位语从句还可以用whether，when，where，why，how等引导。如：The stu

14、dent asked me the question whether the book Was worth reading学生问了我这个问题：这本书是否值得一读。I have no idea why he was excited at that time我不知道当时他激动的原因。 考点5 名词性从句需要注意的事项1that的用法。在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中that一般不能够省略；在宾语从句中有时可以省略，一般需要注意下面两点：(1)当that从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：They share little in common except that they are from

15、 the same country除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。(2)当主句谓语动词后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他的不省略。如：I believe(that)youve done your best and that things will improve我相信你已经尽力了，而且情况也会得到改善。2that与what的区别。that在从句中不能够充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语，意思是”什么，的事情”。如：The hope that he may recover is not gone yet他会康复的希望没有消

16、失。(that不充当成分，也无含义)What he said proved to be true他所说的话证明是正确的。(what作said的宾语，可以翻译为“的话”)3定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是对从句前面的抽象名词作进一步的说明和解释。如：The news that our team has won the game Was true我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句，补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)The news that he told me yesterday Was true昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句

17、，news在从句中作told的宾语)I made a promise that if anyone set me free 1 would make him very rich我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。(同位语从句，补充说明promise的内容)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children妈妈许下了一个令她的孩子们高兴的诺言。(定语从句，promise在从句中作pleased的主语)真题演练：1. Upon graduation he asked to be sent to _. A. where he was m

18、ost needed B. where is he needed C. where he is most needed D. where was he most needed2. These photographs will show you _. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like3. _ the Games will be held in Beijing is not

19、known. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That4. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do, he came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if5._ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It6. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; what B. What; that

20、 C. That; that D. That; what7. The government has announced that a modern city will be set up in _is still a wasteland now . A. what B. whichC. that D. where 8.Many people wrote articles on _Liu Xiang had failed to compete in the event . .A. why B. what C. who D. that 9.The couple are spending their

21、 holiday on _is described as one of the most beautiful islands . A. that B. what C. which D. where 10.The book is meant to _needs it . A. whoB. whoeverC. whomever D. whom11.Golf is rapidly becoming more popular. Near some towns and cities new courses are being built in _. A. what is farmland B. what

22、 farmland is C. what farmland was D. what was farmland12. _seems to be no possibility_Li Hua can win the first prize in the 100-meter race.AIt; thatBThere; thatCThere; whetherDIt; whether13._is known to us all is that the old scientist, for _life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his ei

23、ghtiesAAs; whomBWhat; whom CIt; whoseDAs; whose14.A reward of 1,000 dollars will be given _can find the lost childAwhomever Bwhoever that Cto whomeverDto whoever15.After five days climbing in the mountain, they reached _they thought was the place theyd been dreaming ofAthat Bwhere CwhichDwhat 16._ I

24、 cannot understand is _ she wants to resign her present job.AWhat; why BWhich; howCThat; why DWhat; which17._ worries me a lot is that I keep forgetting what I have just doneAAs BWhat CThat DIt18How will you deal with these papers, Ann?I will leave them to_ takes over the job.A anyone BsomeoneCwhoev

25、er Dno matter who19What were you trying to prove to the police? _ I was last nightAWhere BWhen CThat DWhat20. It was a matter of_ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever21.The chance came last year _ I could go to visit China with my parents. A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where22. T

26、he fact _ this country spends more on its military than on education and health care combined is a serious and worrying thought. A. where B. which C. that D. why23. -Tell me something about your adventure in the rainforest, please.-We lost our way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night b

27、egan to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. it; because D. what; because 24.A normal young child gains great pleasure when_ he(she) does pleases his(her) mother.A. that B. if C. as D. what25._her so upset last night?A. What do you think making B. What do you think madeC. Do you think what made D. Do

28、you think what had made26. You cant imagine _ fantastic fun web chatting is.Really? But it may cause a lot of trouble sometimes.A. what B. how C. why D. so27. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just_ worries the public.A. why B. which C. that D. what28.The question _ we should ca

29、ll in a specialist now was raised by the family doctor.Awhich Bwho Cwhether Dwhen29. On stepping into the office, the girl was frightened to find that the whole office was fill with _ looked like tiny worms. 、 A how B. which C. what D. that 30._ we can find from the following, the number of students

30、 dropping out is going down. CA. what B. it C. as D. what 31. Will you see to it _ you brother is OK at home while we are out on work. A. why B. that C what D. which 32.-What about your TEFL test? -I have answered all the questions, but not sure _I could get a high enough score. A. what B. if C. whe

31、n D. why 33. _the sports meet of our school is held is still not decided. A. What B. Where C. If D. That 34. Excuse me, _ would you like your tea, white or black? -With milk, please.A. whether B when C. What D. how 35. There is a common belief among them _rubbish can and should be put to good use. A

32、. which B. if C. whether D. that 36. Human beings are different from animals _they can use language as a tool to communicate. A. in which B. in that C. for that D. for which 37._ David says sound right to Helen. Thats why he has made up her mind to leave the matter to him _ happens.A. Whatever; what

33、ever B. No matter what, whatever C. No matter what, no matter what D. Whatever; no matter what 38. _ sometimes keeps her awake all night is_ Tom is getting more and more quiet at home. A. That; which B. It; that C. Whether; what D. What; that 39. In some countries, _ called “public schools” are not

34、owned by the public. A. which B. as C. that D. what 40.-I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply.-That was probably _ I was seeing the doctor. A. why B. what C. that D. when 41.Word comes _ some New Zealand guests will come to visit our school tomorrow. A. that B. which C. / D. about which 4

35、2.Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _it was so poorly equipped.A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that43. I was surprised by her words , which made me recognize silly mistakes I had made .A. what B. that C. how D. which 44. Do yo

36、u have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A. thatB. whatC. asD. which35. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.Awhy Bwhat Cwho Dthat36. He tried his best to solve the problem, _difficult it was.A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although37. For immediate del

37、ivery, tell the company_you will be and theyll send the goods to you.A. where B. who Cwhat Dhow38.The world thinks highly of_ China and its people have achieved in the last year.A.that B.what C.which D.how39.Pointing to the house on_roof grew lots of bush,the old man told me that was _I would stay.A.its;what B.whose;what C.whose;where D.its;where40.It seemed to me that she was in doubt _ Timmy lived or died. A. whyB. how C. that D. whether41.The art center is _ used to be Factory 789 and _ millions of tractors were made. A. what; where B. where; where C. that; which D. where; which -第 6 页-