动词不定式课件3.ppt

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1、 动词不定式动词不定式 动词不定式的基本形式是动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动动词原形词原形“, 有时可以不带有时可以不带to.动词不定动词不定式没有人称和数的变化式没有人称和数的变化, 在句子中不在句子中不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。构成：构成：to + do(动词原形动词原形)用法：用法：1. 用作宾语用作宾语 (v. + to do ) I want to buy a computer. She hopes to find a better job. I wish to go with y

2、ou.用作宾语用作宾语 (v. + to do )need to do learn to do agree to do plan to do decide to do want to dohope to do start to do try to doforget to do remember to do like to dostop to do 2. 用作宾语补足语：用作宾语补足语：(v. + sb. + to do )She asked me to help her.The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him

3、 to read and write. want sb. to do wish sb. to do get sb. to do expect sb. to do find sb. to be tell sb. to do would like sb. to do help sb. to do一般情况下，其后有一般情况下，其后有sb,都作宾语补足都作宾语补足语语作宾语补足语不带作宾语补足语不带to 的情况：的情况：Let me do it.I saw him cross the street.常见动词有：常见动词有：使役动词使役动词: let, make, have (三使）三使）感官动词感官动

4、词: see, watch, notice，observe，四看，四看hear, listen to两听，两听， feel一感觉一感觉, help半帮助半帮助比较：比较：I heard her singing in the next room.I heard her sing in the next room.3. 用作状语用作状语(adverbial)：He came to show me his new CD player. (目的目的)I went there to see my teacher. (目的目的)Im glad to see you this morning. (原因原因)

5、The boy was too young to go to school. (结果结果)To save water, turn off the tap after you wash hands. (结果结果)状语是用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条状语是用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等的一种句法成份件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等的一种句法成份,其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中.4.4.用作主语用作主语1. To be here at Christmas time is my dream.2. To

6、 go abroad is his dream. 3. To say is easy, to do is difficult.(这时可将其用形式主语这时可将其用形式主语it来替换来替换) It is my dream to be here at Christmas time. It is his dream to go abroad. It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.5. 用作表语用作表语His work is to feed the animals. Her job is to look after the patients.My wish

7、is to be a scientist.Give me something to drink. I have two books to read. They have much food to eat. He asked for a room to live in. I dont have a pen to write with. He bought a toy to play with.6. 用作定语用作定语 (这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词若是不及物动词, 介词不能省略介词不能省略)7. 疑问词疑问词who, what, which, wh

8、ere, when, how 加加to do可构成不定式短语可构成不定式短语, 在句中可在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。When to start has not been decided. (主语主语)I dont know what to do. (宾语宾语)He can tell you where to get the book. (宾语补足语宾语补足语)The question is who(m) to ask. (表语表语)找出句子中的不定式找出句子中的不定式, 并说出作用：并说出作用：1. It takes you ten minu

9、tes to get there.2. I hope to see him soon.3. His wish is to become an artist.4. People eat to live, but not live to eat.状语状语表语表语宾语宾语主语主语5. I have a lot to tell you.6. Its not right to be always thinking of oneself.7. We often see him play football.定语定语主语主语宾语补足语宾语补足语1. 跳舞非常有趣。跳舞非常有趣。2. 种些植物是非常有必要的。种

10、些植物是非常有必要的。To dance is a lot of fun.It is a lot of fun to dance.To grow plants is very important.3. 说英语对我来说并不容易。说英语对我来说并不容易。4. 听到你的声音真高兴。听到你的声音真高兴。To hear your voice is so nice.It is so nice to hear your voice.To speak English is not easy for me.1. 我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子。我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子。2. 最上策的计划就是马上离开这儿。最上策的计

11、划就是马上离开这儿。3. 我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。My work is to clean the room every day.The best plan is to leave at once.My dream is to be a scientist.1. 他想借用我的录音机。他想借用我的录音机。2. 他们开始读和写。他们开始读和写。3. 李琳喜欢玩什么？她喜欢踢足球。李琳喜欢玩什么？她喜欢踢足球。4. 你长大了想做什么？你长大了想做什么？He wants to borrow my radio.They began to read and write.Wha

12、t sports does Li Lin like to play? She likes to play soccer.What do you want to be when you grow up?1. 我有许多书要看。我有许多书要看。2. 她有几个问题要问。她有几个问题要问。3. 他有一台电视要修。他有一台电视要修。4. 我没什么可担心的。我没什么可担心的。I have many books to read.She has a few questions to ask.He has a TV set to repair.I have nothing to worry about.5. 他是

13、一个值得信赖的人。他是一个值得信赖的人。6. 爱迪生是第一个发明电灯的人。爱迪生是第一个发明电灯的人。7. 他那生病母亲最多可活三个月。他那生病母亲最多可活三个月。He is a man to believe in.Edison was the first man to invent the lights.His sick mother has three months to live at most.Exercises1. - Youve done very well this time. - Its really kind _.A. for you to say so B. for you

14、 saying soC. of you to say so D. of you saying so2. It is better to lose ones life than _.A. if you lose your spiritB. losing his spiritC. to lose ones spiritD. your spirit getting lostCCI saw him _ the supermarket just now.a. enteredb. enteringc. enter d. to entercThey looked for him everywhere and

15、 found him _ under the tree.a. liesb. lyingc. layd. lain考点考点: see/hear/find/watch sb. do sth. (看见某人做了某事）看见某人做了某事）See/hear/find/watch sb. doing sth. (看见某人正在做某事看见某人正在做某事) b-Do you remember _ me somewhere in Hangzhou?-Yes. I think thats 2 years ago.a. see b. seeing c. to see d. sawbforget/remember to d

16、o sth.forget/remember doing sth.stop/go on to do sthstop/go on doing sthThe scientist stopped _ to me though he was busy.a. talking b. to talkc. to have talk d. having talkbThe doctor did what he could _ that child.a. save b. to save c. saved d. savingbI have no pen _.a. writing b. writing withc. to write with d. writingto do 作定语作定语, 如是不及物动词构成不如是不及物动词构成不定式短语作定语定式短语作定语, 其后需接介词其后需接介词c